Distribution of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria in Northwestern Atlantic waters and coastal sediments

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Mulkins-Phillips ◽  
James E. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Microbial Potential ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria ◽  
Surface Water Samples

An extensive survey was carried out to aid in understanding the role of indigenous microorganisms in the removal of oil from Northwestern Atlantic temperate to arctic marine environments. The presence of hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms was demonstrated in sediments and adjacent waters taken from Bermuda, Canadian Northwest Atlantic and Eastern Canadian Arctic marine shorelines. In addition, surface-water samples (5 m depth) taken at 11 different stations along a transect between Halifax and Bermuda, with one exception, showed the presence of significant numbers of hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms. The hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria present included Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Flavobacter, Vibrio, and Achromobacter species. The fraction of the total heterotrophic bacteria represented by the hydrocarbon utilizers ranged up to 100% depending upon the area's previous history of oil spillage; the bulk of the values were less than 10%. The frequency of specific hydrocarbon utilization in decreasing order was hexadecene-1, pristane, hexadecane, dibenzothiophene, anthracene, and decalin. The location, numbers, variety, and broad capacity of the microbial hydrocarbon utilizers illustrate their ubiquity and indicate the microbial potential for removal or conversion of oil in the environments examined.

Marine Navigation in the Canadian Arctic

1952 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
J. H. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
North Pole ◽  
British Government ◽  
Short Route ◽  
Northwest Passage ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marine Navigation

The history of marine navigation in the area to the north of Hudson Straits and west of Greenland dates back to Martin Frobisher in 1567, John Davis in 1585 (who reached N. 72° 15′), and William Baffin, who got as far as Smith Sound (N. 77° 45′) in 1616. All of them were searching for a short route to the East. There was little exploration in the area for the next two-hundred years, until, in 1818, the British Government recommended explorations for the Northwest Passage: This activity continued throughout the Franklin era up to 1875, when Captain George Nares proceeded to N. 82° 25′ on the northern end of Ellesmere Island. After this, the role of exploration gradually passed to American hands, largely culminating in 1909 with Robert E. Peary's attainment of the North Pole.

Difference in Ratio of Evertor to Invertor Activity Between the Dominant and Nondominant Legs During Simulated Lateral Ankle Sprain

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam C. Knight ◽  
Wendi H. Weimar
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Lateral Ankle ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Laboratory

Context:The dominant and nondominant legs respond asymmetrically during landing tasks, and this difference may occur during an inversion perturbation and provide insight into the role of ankle-evertor and -invertor muscle activity.Objective:To determine if there is a difference in the ratio of evertor to invertor activity between the dominant and nondominant legs and outer-sole conditions when the ankle is forced into inversion.Design:Repeated-measures single-group design.Setting:University laboratory.Participants:15 physically active healthy volunteers with no previous history of an ankle sprain or lower extremity surgery or fracture.Interventions:An outer sole with fulcrum was used to cause 25° of inversion at the subtalar joint after landing from a 27-cm step-down task. Participants performed 10 fulcrum trials on both the dominant and nondominant leg.Main Outcome Measures:The ratio of evertor to invertor muscle activity 200 ms before and 200 ms after the inversion perturbation was measured using electromyography. This ratio was the dependent variable. Independent variables included outer-sole condition (fulcrum, flat), leg (dominant, nondominant), and time (prelanding, postlanding). The data were analyzed with separate 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA, 1 for the prelanding ratios and 1 for the postlanding ratios.Results:For the postlanding ratios, the fulcrum outer sole had a significantly greater (P < .05) ratio than the flat outer sole, and the nondominant leg had a significantly greater (P < .05) ratio than the dominant leg.Conclusions:These results indicate that a greater evertor response is produced when the ankle is forced into inversion, and a greater response is produced for the nondominant leg, which may function better during a postural-stabilizing task than the dominant leg.

scholarly journals Current concept of the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis and the role of bactéria.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 09-30
Author(s):  
Anthony Davis ◽  
Mary Davis
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Genetic Load ◽  
Current Concept ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Periodontopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Risk Situation ◽  
Edentulous Patients

Through an extensive review of the literature, our objective will be to clarify the current concept that exists about the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, as well as the implications that bacteria may have on it. To date, different longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have identified some of the risk factors or risk indicators of peri-implantitis. Previous history of periodontal disease, diabetes, genetic load, poor oral hygiene, tobacco, alcohol consumption, absence of keratinized gingiva and the surface of the implants are some of the factors that have been analyzed in detail in the literature. The colonization of new surgically implanted surfaces represents a risk situation in partially edentulous patients, where periodontopathogenic bacteria from the residual bag play an important role.

scholarly journals Vaginal progesterone in prevention of preterm labour

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 449-454
Author(s):  
Dr. Prativa Sahoo ◽  
◽  
Dr. Nayan Kumar Patel ◽  
Dr. Ojaswini Patel ◽  
Dr. A.K Panigrahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Vaginal Progesterone ◽  
History Of ◽  
Secondary Objective

Introduction: Preterm birth, defined as childbirth occurring at less than 37 completed weeks or 259days of gestation since the first day of a woman’s last menstrual period, is one of the leading causesof neonatal morbidity and mortality. Across 184 countries, the rate of preterm birth ranges from 5%to 18% of babies born. Out of 27 million babies born every year (2018 data ) in India, 3.5 millionbabies born are premature. Recent literature review has shown that the use of Progesterone reducesrisk of preterm birth. But there is little information available regarding the role of Progesterone inpreventing preterm labour. Objectives: Primary objective of the study is to find out the incidence ofpreterm labour among pregnant women taking vaginal progesterone. Secondary objective istoassess the safety and efficacy of progesterone in feto-maternal outcome. Methods: This is a crosssectional study where100 prescriptions from IPD of Dept of O&G, VIMSAR, Burla of women who hadrecently undergone labour with singleton gestation and with previous history of preterm labour wereanalysed. Incidence of preterm labour among those taking and not taking vaginal progesterone werecompared. Results: There was decreased incidence of preterm labour as there is prolongation meanGestational age by 9.383 weeks among pregnant women taking vaginal progesterone. Conclusions:In the present study, women taking vaginal progesterone had significantly lowered incidencepreterm birth rate.

scholarly journals Role of low dose ecosprin and heparin in achieving live births in pregnancy with thrombophilia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5261
Author(s):  
Shilpa Asthana ◽  
Bandana Sodhi ◽  
Satish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Obstetric Outcome ◽  
Live Births ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Thrombophilia is a disorder of haemostatic system that results in increased tendency of thrombus formation in both venous and arterial vascular system. The thrombotic events are not only restricted to venous thromboembolism but also can cause fetal loss (abortions or recurrent abortions and fetal demise), placental abruption, intrauterine growth restriction and severe pre-eclampsia. This study evaluates the role of administering thromboprophylaxis with heparin and ecosprin to patients with thrombophilia in pregnancy with previous history of adverse obstetric outcomes.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in 60 patients diagnosed with thrombophilia during pregnancy. The objective of the study was to determine the role of administering low dose ecosprin and heparin as thromboprophylaxis in achieving live births in these patients with thrombophilia. All patients included in this study were prophylactically administered low dose ecosprin with either unfractionated heparin (5000 IU s.c, BD) or low molecular weight heparin (40 mg s.c, OD) during pregnancy. Patients were followed up in the antenatal period and the obstetric outcome noted. Comparisons were made between the obstetric outcomes of these patients receiving the aforesaid thromboprophylaxis with those of previous untreated pregnancies during which no ecosprin or heparin had been administered. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using Students ‘t’ test and Chi square analysis. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Fifty nine of the sixty patients with thrombophilia and previous adverse pregnancy outcome who received prophylaxis with ecosprin and heparin during the present pregnancy had live births (98.33%; p <0.0001). Fifty-eight (96.66%) of these patients progressed to term delivery and one (1.67%) pregnancy resulted in a pre-term birth.Conclusions: Present study reveals that prophylaxis with low dose ecosprin and heparin administered to patients with thrombophilia (acquired or inherited) with history of previous adverse obstetric outcome resulted in a positive outcome in terms of a significantly higher number of live births. However, larger studies are needed to further elaborate on the role of thromboprophylaxis in pregnancies with inherited thrombophilia.

Argentina's Missing Bones

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Revolutionary War ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Dirty War ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
History Of

Missing Bones: the ‘Dirty War ’in Córdoba examines the history of state terrorism during Argentina’s 1976—83 military dictatorship in a single place: the industrial city of Córdoba, Argentina’s second largest city and the site of some of the dirty war’s greatest crimes. It examines the city’s previous history of social protest, working class militancy and leftist activism as an explanation for the particular nature of the dirty war there. Missing Bones examines both national and transnational influences on the counter-revolutionary war in Córdoba. The book also considers the legacy of this period and examines the role of the state in constructing a public memory of the violence and holding accountable those responsible through the most extensive trials for crimes against humanity to take place anywhere in Latin America.

555 Role of X-Ray Soft Tissue Neck in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea with a Previous History of Adenotonsillectomy

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A219-A220
Author(s):  
Quang Nguyen ◽  
Karim El-Kersh ◽  
Bakeerathan Gunaratnam ◽  
Egambaram Senthilvel
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Z Score ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Soft Tissue Neck ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Adenoid recurrence in children after adenotonsillectomy can be an etiology for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study was to assess the role of x-ray soft tissue neck (XR-STN) in evaluating adenoid recurrence from a sleep physician perspective and to assess the polysomnographic findings of pre and post revision adenoidectomy. Methods This was a single center retrospective study that included children &lt;18 years old with a history of adenotonsillectomy who underwent sleep study that confirmed the diagnosis of OSA and had XR- STN to evaluate for adenoidal tissue recurrence at the University of Louisville/Norton Pediatric Sleep Disorders clinic from July 2012 to September 2020. XR-STN level of adenoidal obliteration, baseline and post revision adenoidectomy PSG data were analyzed. Results A total of 160 subjects were included in the study with a mean age of 9.71±3.5 years, 59.4% were male, 54.4% were Caucasians, and the mean z-score was 1.77±1.15. XR-STN was normal in 39.4% of the subjects and it showed mild, moderate, and complete adenoidal obliteration in 20.6%, 32.5% and 7.5% of the subjects, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed that the total AHI, the mean for the moderate and complete adenoidal obliteration are significantly higher than children with no obstruction (p-value=000). However, mild obliteration, Z score, age, gender, and race were not significantly associated with an increased total AHI. Pre- and post- adenoid revision PSGs were available in 20 subjects and they showed significant improvement in AHI (10.4±12.9 vs. 21.1±23.9, p=0.04), arousal index (15.4 ±10.6 vs. 21.1± 14.9, p=0.04), and nadir SaO2 (86.7%±8.1 vs. 76.58% ±18.44, p=0.04). Conclusion Soft tissue neck x-ray was useful in assessing adenoid recurrence in our study. Revision adenoidectomy resulted in an overall improvement in several PSGs parameters of OSA. Pediatric sleep physicians may consider XR-STN in the evaluation of children with OSA with a previous history of adenotonsillectomy. Support (if any) None

Dislocations and the thermal reactivity of calcite

1970 ◽  
Vol 314 (1518) ◽  
pp. 429-441 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Reactivity Of Solids ◽  
Dislocation Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Kinetics Of

A study has been made of the effect of dislocation movement on the kinetics of thermal decomposition of freshly cleaved calcite crystals. It is shown for the first time that the thermal history of the crystal has a marked effect on its reactivity and two patterns of behaviour have been identified; that in the temperature range up to ca . 700 K in which the kinetics of decomposition are sensitively dependent upon the nature and extent of the crystal’s previous history, and the range above 700 K in which annealing is rapid and reproducible kinetics are obtained for all crystals studied. This effect has not been observed in previous studies of calcite. It is suggested that this is because the experiments were carried out in the temperature range where movement of dislocations is so rapid that the surface structure is virtually constant during the measurements. Tentative correlations are made between the various stages of the observed rates of decomposition and the known dislocation systems in the crystal. The influence of applied stress was studied but because of limitations in the method of stressing the crystal, the amount of plastic deformation was small and its effect on reactivity was not marked. Qualitative consideration is given to the role of dislocations in the reactivity of solids and it is concluded that the elastic energy associated with the strain fields around or at the core of the dislocation cannot be used to promote chemical reactivity but that it is the change in the stereochemical environment of molecules in the dislocated region of the crystal which is important. ‘ . . . a curious illustration of the influence of mechanical forces over chemical affinity. . . ’ M. Faraday (1834)

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