The differentiation of Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes by use of Christensen's urea broth

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 911-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Kane ◽  
J. B. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Urease Activity ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Depressing Effect ◽  
Fluid Medium ◽  
Maximum Change ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Urea

A comparison of the urease activity of 56 strains of T. rubrum and 64 strains of T. mentagrophytes on Christensen's urea medium with and without agar incubated 7 days at 28 °C showed that characteristic and consistent results are produced on this medium without agar. In the fluid medium T. mentagrophytes caused a rise in pH, resulting in a maximum change of the phenol red, and T. rubrum produced no change. The depressing effect of agar on the hydrolysis of urea was demonstrated. On the agar medium 9 (18.8%) of 48 strains of T. mentagrophytes and 3 (6.2%) of 48 strains of T. rubrum produced doubtful results. It is important that pure cultures be used for the test.

EFFECTS OF CATECHOL AND P-BENZOQUINONE ON THE HYDROLYSIS OF UREA AND ENERGY BARRIERS OF UREASE ACTIVITY IN SOILS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. TOMAR ◽  
A. F. MacKENZIE
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Urease Inhibitors ◽  
Soil Urease ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Urea

The effects of the urease inhibitors, catechol and p-benzoquinone, and temperature on the hydrolysis of urea in five soils were investigated in a laboratory study. Urea hydrolysis decreased significantly with the amount of inhibitors applied and increased significantly with each 5 °C increase in temperature from 5 to 25 °C. The effectiveness of inhibitors generally decreased with increases in temperature from 5 to 25 °C. The correlation of hydrolysis of urea with organic matter contents of the soils was highly significant (r = 0.67** to 0.86**). Both catechol and p-benzoquinone tended to increase the energies and entropies of activation of soil urease and the effect was enhanced with a decrease in soil organic matter. It is suggested that an increase in the activation energy of the soil urease as a result of inhibitor use was related to an increase in the effectiveness of the inhibitor. Key words: Urease inhibitors, urea hydrolysis, energy of activation

EFFECTS OF BENZENEHEXACHLORIDE ON SOIL MICROORGANISMS: II. EXPERIMENTS WITH UREA-HYDROLYZING BACTERIA

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. H. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Nitrate Production ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Solution Cultures ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Urea

Benzenehexachloride (BHC), as "Gammexane" or "Benexane 50" reduced the hydrolysis of urea by mixed and pure cultures of soil bacteria in solution cultures. It suppressed the development of urea hydrolyzing bacteria in gelatine plate cultures. The reduction or suppression was apparently due to the benzenehexachloride (and not to the "filler" materials in the wettable powder), by interference with the action of the urease, as well as by preventing growth of the bacteria; the gamma isomer had no effect. BHC did not suppress nitrate production from urea in soil.

THE WATER-SOLUBLE POLYSACCHARIDES OF DERMATOPHYTES: IV. GALACTOMANNANS I FROM TRICHOPHYTON GRANULOSUM, TRICHOPHYTON INTERDIGITALE, MICROSPORUM QUINCKEANUM, TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM, AND TRICHOPHYTON SCHÖNLEINII

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Bishop ◽  
M. B. Perry ◽  
F. Blank ◽  
F. P. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Branch Points ◽  
Terminal Units ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

A group of polysaccharides, called galactomannans I, were precipitated as their insoluble copper complexes from aqueous solutions of the crude polysaccharides obtained from each of the organisms designated in the title. The five galactomannans I were homogeneous under conditions of electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation and had high positive specific rotations. The major constituent monosaccharide was D-mannose; amounts of D-galactose ranged from nil for the polysaccharide from T. rubrum to 13% for that from T. schönleinii. Methylation and hydrolysis of the five galactomannans I yielded varying amounts of the following: 2,3,5,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-galactose (not present in the products from T. rubrum), 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-mannose, 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-mannose, 2,4,6-tri-O-methyl-D-mannose, 3,4-di-O-methyl-D-mannose, and 3,5-di-O-methyl-D-mannose. Periodate oxidation results agreed with the methylation studies. The gross structural features of each galactomannan I appear to be the same, namely, a basic chain of 1 → 6 linked α-D-mannopyranose units for approximately every 22 of which there is a 1 → 3 linked α-D-mannopyranose residue. Branch points occur along the 1 → 6 linked chain at the C2 positions of the D-mannopyranose units and once in every 45 units at the C2 position of a 1 → 6 linked D-mannofuranose residue. The D-galactose in the polysaccharides is present exclusively as non-reducing terminal furanose units; non-reducing terminal units of D-mannopyranose are also present. The variations in the identities and relative amounts of the non-reducing terminal units were the only apparent differences in the gross structural features within this group of polysaccharides.

scholarly journals A selective medium for the isolation of the acinetobacter genus bacteria

1980 ◽  
Vol 75 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altair A. Zebral
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fermentative Activity

A selective and differencial medium was developed for the isolation of Acinetobacter genus bacteria. This Acinobacter Agar Medium (p.H + 7.4) contains in grams per litre: thiotone, 10; yeast extract, 3; naC1, 5; saccharose, 10; mannitol, 10; sodium citrate, 0.5; sodium desoxycholate, 0.1; crystal violet, 0.00025; phenol red, 0.04 and agar-agar 15. This medium has the advantage of inhibiting the growth of cocci and Gram-positive bacilli, by the use of sodium citrate and sodium desoxycholate associated with the crystal violet; and of differentiating the Gram-negative bacilli from the Enterobacteriaceae, through the fermentative activity upon the saccharose and/or mannitol, contrasting with the complete inactivity of the Acinetobacter genus bacteria over those substances.

scholarly journals Discussion on the Scheme of Preparing Ammonia Gas by Hydrolysis of Urea

2019 ◽  
Vol 612 ◽  
pp. 042034
Author(s):  
Jingcheng Su ◽  
Fangming Xue ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Yiqing Sun ◽  
Xiuru Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Gas ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Urea
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