Studies on the purification of Entamoeba histolytica antigens by gel filtration. II. The antigenic properties of the isolated fractions

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Ali Khan ◽  
E. Meerovitch
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

Partially purified fractions of the water-soluble extract of Entamoeba histolytica (DKB strain) obtained by chromatography in Sephadex G-200 (F1, F2, and F4) and G-100 (F3a, F3b, F3c, and F3d) gels were used in various serological tests and their reactivities compared with the whole 1:40 antigen. The main haemagglutinating (HA) and complement-fixing (CF) activities were confined to fractions F1 and F2, which had molecular weights of 650 000 and 229 000, respectively. The 4 to 6 μg/ml of protein contained in these fractions at the optimum dilution gave antibody liters comparable to those for the whole antigen, which had about 77 μg/ml of protein. The other antigen fractions (F4, F3a, F3b, F3c, and F3d) showed very little activity. Fraction F1 had two main precipitin bands (1 and 2), which showed reaction of identity with two of the bands in fraction F2. The other fractions which showed some HA and CF reactivity had trace amounts of these antigens. It is presumed that the antigens specific for precipitin bands 1 and 2 are the main CF and HA antigens.

scholarly journals The Activation of Factor X by Extracts of Rabbit Brain

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
YALE NEMERSON ◽  
THEODORE H. SPAET
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Rabbit Brain ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Water Soluble Extract ◽  
Soluble Material

Abstract Thromboplastic preparations were obtained from rabbit brain. The data indicate that standard acetone-dried reagent functions by activating factor X, with factor VII as an accelerator. When crude tissue reagent was fractionated by butanol treatment and saline extraction, a water-soluble material was obtained which similarly activated factor X. In each case, a source of phosphatide was necessary for activated factor X to yield full clotting activity; this phosphatide was provided in the crude tissue reagent but it was lacking in the water-soluble extract. The extract was further purified and characterized. It appears to be a protein and it evidently activates factor X enzymatically. The data thus indicate that brain thrombloplastin contains two separable clotting activities: one of these activates factor X, the other supplies phosphatide.

Prebiotic frozen dessert processed with water‐soluble extract of rice byproduct: Vegan and nonvegan consumers perception using preferred attribute elicitation methodology and acceptance

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-530
Author(s):  
Jiuliane Martins da Silva ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Barão ◽  
Erick Almeida Esmerino ◽  
Adriano Gomes Cruz ◽  
Tatiana Colombo Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Frozen Dessert ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

Activation of Selective Transcription Factors and Cytokines by Water-Soluble Extract from Lentinus lepideus

2003 ◽  
Vol 228 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirim Jin ◽  
Hyung Jin Jung ◽  
Jeong June Choi ◽  
Hyang Jeon ◽  
Jin Hwan Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Transient Transfection Assay ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

We isolated a water-soluble extract, PG101, from cultured mycelia of Lentinus lepideus. Treatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with PG101 increased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-12 by 100- to 1000-fold, whereas GM-CSF and IL-18 were activated by an order of magnitude. On the contrary, IFN-γ and IL-4 were not affected. The response to PG101 occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manner. From the human PBMCs treated with PG101, TNF-α was a first cytokine to be activated, detectable at 2 hr post-treatment followed by IL-1β at 6 hr post-treatment. IL-12 and IL-10 were the next to follow. GM-CSF and IL-18 both showed significant increases 24 hr after treatment. When PBMCs were sorted into various cell types, monocyte/macrophages, but not T and B cells, were the major target cell type responsive to PG101. Consistent with this result, the profile of cytokine expression upon PG101 treatment was comparable between PBMCs and a human promonocytic cell line (U937), whereas cell lines of T cell and myeloid origins did not respond to PG101. Data from a transient transfection assay involving specific reporter plasmids indicated that cellular transcription factor such as NF-κB, but not AP-1, was highly activated by PG101. Results from a gel retardation assay and the experiment involving a specific NF-κB inhibitor confirmed the involvement of NF-κB. Despite its significant biological effect on various cytokines, PG101 remained nontoxic in both rats and PBMCs even at a biological concentration approximately 20 times greater. PG101 demonstrates great potential as a therapeutic immune modulator.

scholarly journals Aceitabilidade e caracterização física e físico-química de doce tipo doce de leite produzido com extrato hidrossolúvel de soja

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (42) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Agdylannah Felix Vieira ◽  
Ana Paula Trindade Rocha ◽  
Dyego Da Costa Santos ◽  
Hanna Mayara Brito Rodrigues Morais ◽  
Renata Duarte Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Food Engineering ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Soybean Extract ◽  
Water Soluble Extract ◽  
Sensory Parameters ◽  
The City

<p>Considering the need for new products to meet the portion of the population with lactase enzyme deficiency, the study processed and characterized the physical, physical-chemical and sensory parameters of a dulce de leche made with soy-based extract. The research was developed at the Food Engineering Laboratory of the Federal University of Campina Grande. The soybean milk used in the preparation of the product was the UHT type and pasteurized cow’s milk, both purchased commercially from the city of Campina Grande, PB. Three sweet formulations were prepared: the first one containing 100% whole bovine milk; the second one with 100% water-soluble soy extract and the last one with 50% water-soluble soy extract and 50% whole milk. There were significant differences in all physicochemical analyses, except for the ash one. Regarding the addition of the soybean water-soluble extract in the dulce de leche, this procedure altered the traditional flavor, resulting in less acceptance of the product and 90% of the judges declared that they would not buy that. Through the instrumental analyses, it was verified that the addition of water-soluble soybean extract changed statistically (p &lt;0.05) the characteristics of color and texture</p>

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