Regulation of proteolytic enzyme production by Aeromonas proteolytica. I. Extracellular endopeptidase

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol D. Litchfield ◽  
J. M. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Catabolite Repression ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Proteolytic Enzyme ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
The Individual

The production of extracellular endopeptidase by Aeromonas proteolytica Merkel et al. was found to be influenced by a number of nutritional factors. An inverse relationship existed between endopeptidase synthesis and growth in media containing increasing quantities of asparagine. This effect was accentuated by the individual addition of glycerol, glucose, sucrose, or acetate as supplemental carbon sources. The addition of small quantities of complex mixtures of peptides to growth media containing either acid-hydrolyzed casein or asparagine as the organic component greatly stimulated endopeptidase synthesis. The data suggest that endopeptidase synthesis is repressed when A. proteolytica is grown in the presence of certain individual amino acids, that glycerol and some other easily metabolized compounds cause catabolite repression of endopeptidase synthesis, and that endopeptidase production is stimulated by peptides of unknown identity.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of amino acids in Clostridium pasteurianum

1970 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Dainty ◽  
J. L. Peel
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Clostridium Pasteurianum ◽  
Metabolic Sequence ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase ◽  
The Individual

1. Clostridium pasteurianum was grown on a synthetic medium with the following carbon sources: (a) 14C-labelled glucose, alone or with unlabelled aspartate or glutamate, or (b) unlabelled glucose plus 14C-labelled aspartate, glutamate, threonine, serine or glycine. The incorporation of 14C into the amino acids of the cell protein was examined. 2. In both series of experiments carbon from exogenous glutamate was incorporated into proline and arginine; carbon from aspartate was incorporated into glutamate, proline, arginine, lysine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, glycine and serine. Incorporations from the other exogenous amino acids indicated the metabolic sequence: aspartate → threonine → glycine ⇌ serine. 3. The following activities were demonstrated in cell-free extracts of the organism: (a) the formation of aspartate by carboxylation of phosphoenolpyruvate or pyruvate, followed by transamination; (b) the individual reactions of the tricarboxylic acid route to 2-oxoglutarate from oxaloacetate; glutamate dehydrogenase was not detected; (c) the conversion of aspartate into threonine via homoserine; (d) the conversion of threonine into glycine by a constitutive threonine aldolase; (e) serine transaminase, phosphoserine transaminase, glycerate dehydrogenase and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. This last activity was abnormally high. 4. The combined evidence indicates that in C. pasteurianum the biosynthetic role of aspartate and glutamate is generally similar to that in aerobic and facultatively aerobic organisms, but that glycine is synthesized from glucose via aspartate and threonine.

Compositional Analysis of Organosolv Poplar Lignin by Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/High-resolution Multi-stage Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jifa Zhang ◽  
Yuan Jiang ◽  
Leah F Easterling ◽  
Anton Anster ◽  
Wanru Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Process

Organosolv treatment is an efficient and environmentally friendly process to degrade lignin into small compounds. The capability of characterizing the individual compounds in the complex mixtures formed upon organosolv treatment...

scholarly journals Radical Hemithoracic Radiotherapy Induces Systemic Metabolomics Changes That Are Associated with the Clinical Outcome of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Patients

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Emanuela Di Gregorio ◽  
Gianmaria Miolo ◽  
Asia Saorin ◽  
Elena Muraro ◽  
Michela Cangemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Polyamine Biosynthesis ◽  
The Individual

Radical hemithoracic radiotherapy (RHRT) represents an advanced therapeutic option able to improve overall survival of malignant pleural mesothelioma patients. This study aims to investigate the systemic effects of this radiotherapy modality on the serum metabolome and their potential implications in determining the individual clinical outcome. Nineteen patients undergoing RHRT at the dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions were enrolled. Serum targeted metabolomics profiles were investigated at baseline and the end of radiotherapy by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Univariate and multivariate OPLS-DA analyses were applied to study the serum metabolomics changes induced by RHRT while PLS regression analysis to evaluate the association between such changes and overall survival. RHRT was found to affect almost all investigated metabolites classes, in particular, the amino acids citrulline and taurine, the C14, C18:1 and C18:2 acyl-carnitines as well as the unsaturated long chain phosphatidylcholines PC ae 42:5, PC ae 44:5 and PC ae 44:6 were significantly decreased. The enrichment analysis showed arginine metabolism and the polyamine biosynthesis as the most perturbed pathways. Moreover, specific metabolic changes encompassing the amino acids and acyl-carnitines resulted in association with the clinical outcome accounting for about 60% of the interpatients overall survival variability. This study highlighted that RHRT can induce profound systemic metabolic effects some of which may have a significant prognostic value. The integration of metabolomics in the clinical assessment of the malignant pleural mesothelioma could be useful to better identify the patients who can achieve the best benefit from the RHRT treatment.

PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF COMPLEX BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS BY SOLVENT REDEVELOPMENT WITHOUT PRIOR REMOVAL OF SALTS OR PROTEINS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1137-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur E. Pasieka
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Equivalent Time ◽  
Biological Compounds ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Subsequent Staining

A solvent redeveloping technique has been devised by which amino acids, peptides, and sugars can be separated from complex mixtures in the presence of high concentrations of salts and proteins. The separations are effected by two to four successive 18-hour solvent developments with drying between each 18-hour period before subsequent staining of the chromatograms. Better separations and resolutions are obtained by such successive 18-hour solvent developments than by one continuous solvent development for an equivalent time. The effect of these redevelopments on the separations and resolutions of biological compounds is illustrated at various stages by photographs of one- and two-dimensional chromatograms. The redevelopment technique requires filter paper sheets up to 4 ft in length for one-dimensional analytical and preparative types of chromatograms.

scholarly journals Extracting interface correlations from the pair distribution function of composite materials

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Geddes ◽  
Henry Hutchinson ◽  
Alex R Ha ◽  
Nicholas P Funnell ◽  
Andrew Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Pair Distribution Function ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Individual Phase ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Matrix Factorisation

Using a non-negative matrix factorisation (NMF) approach, we show how the pair distribution function (PDF) of complex mixtures can be deconvolved into the contributions from the individual phase components and...

scholarly journals Simultaneous Catabolite Repression between Glucose and Toluene Metabolism in Pseudomonas putida Is Channeled through Different Signaling Pathways

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (18) ◽  
pp. 6602-6610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa del Castillo ◽  
Juan L. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Catabolite Repression ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Flux Analysis ◽  
Glucose Determination ◽  
Net Flux ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Metabolism Gene

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas putida KT2440(pWW0) can use toluene via the TOL plasmid-encoded catabolic pathways and can use glucose via a series of three peripheral chromosome-encoded routes that convert glucose into 6-phosphogluconate (6PG), namely, the glucokinase pathway, in which glucose is transformed to 6PG through the action of glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Alternatively, glucose can be oxidized to gluconate, which can be phosphorylated by gluconokinase to 6PG or oxidized to 2-ketogluconate, which, in turn, is converted into 6PG. Our results show that KT2440 metabolizes glucose and toluene simultaneously, as revealed by net flux analysis of [13C]glucose. Determination of glucokinase and gluconokinase activities in glucose metabolism, gene expression assays using a fusion of the promoter of the Pu TOL upper pathway to ′lacZ, and global transcriptomic assays revealed simultaneous catabolite repression in the use of these two carbon sources. The effect of toluene on glucose metabolism was directed to the glucokinase branch and did not affect gluconate metabolism. Catabolite repression of the glucokinase pathway and the TOL pathway was triggered by two different catabolite repression systems. Expression from Pu was repressed mainly via PtsN in response to high levels of 2-dehydro-3-deoxygluconate-6-phosphate, whereas repression of the glucokinase pathway was channeled through Crc.

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