Inhibition of pleomorphism by protein and ribonucleic acid inhibitors

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1263-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deana T. Klein ◽  
Carol B. Runne
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Protein And Rna Synthesis ◽  
Specific Inhibitors

The granular strain of Trichophyton mentagrophytes (M12-4) was grown in the presence of specific inhibitors of protein, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis. Those inhibitors which block protein and RNA synthesis inhibit mutant pleomorphic patch formation. Inhibitors of DNA synthesis had no effect on the visible expression of the mutant patches. Data presented suggest that initiation of the pleomorphic patch is not inhibited, but rather that mycelial growth is blocked.

GIBBERELLIN, AS A REGULATOR OF PROTEIN AND RIBONUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS DURING SENESCENCE IN LEAF CELLS OF TARAXACUM OFFICINALE

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Fletcher ◽  
Daphne J. Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Protein And Rna Synthesis ◽  
Chlorophyll Protein ◽  
Gibberellin Treatment

The addition of gibberellin A3 (GA) to leaf discs of Taraxacum officinale Weber retards their senescence and delays the decline in the levels of chlorophyll, protein, and RNA. Incorporation of 14C leucine and 14C adenine into protein and RNA respectively was increased by GA. This enhancement of protein and RNA synthesis did not occur if the discs were supplied with actinomycin D before treatment with gibberellin. If, however, actinomycin D was added after the gibberellin treatment then the stimulatory effect of the hormone was maintained. These results suggest that the retarding action of gibberellins on leaf senescence could be mediated through a regulation of RNA synthesis that is DNA dependent.

Putrescine stimulates DNA synthesis in intestinal epithelial cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (1) ◽  
pp. G145-G150 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Ginty ◽  
D. L. Osborne ◽  
E. R. Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Maximal Stimulation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Cultured Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protein And Rna Synthesis ◽  
Rna And Protein Synthesis

Experiments were designed to examine the effects of exogenously supplied putrescine on the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein in cultured epithelial cells (IEC-6). Putrescine increased aphidicolin-sensitive DNA synthesis at concentrations as low as 0.3 microM putrescine with maximal stimulation (267% control) at 10 microM. This response appeared to be an effect of increases in the intracellular concentration of putrescine as the intracellular levels of spermidine and spermine did not change over the time period examined. Furthermore, pulse-chase experiments revealed that putrescine that entered the cell was not metabolized to another polyamine or degraded. In addition, 10 microM putrescine enhanced both cycloheximide-sensitive lysine incorporation and actinomycin D-sensitive uridine incorporation, indexes of protein and RNA synthesis, respectively. Incorporation of both lysine and uridine was maximal 12 h after the addition of putrescine, whereas thymidine incorporation was still increasing at 24 h, the longest time point examined. These data suggest that putrescine synthesis and/or transport during mucosal proliferation is directly involved in the stimulation of epithelial DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ-INDUCED DNA AND RNA SYNTHESIS IN NORMAL AND AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIC LEUKOCYTES

1967 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 863-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglass C. Tormey ◽  
Roberta Kamin ◽  
H. Hugh Fudenberg
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Synthesis ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Precursor Synthesis ◽  
Dna And Rna Synthesis

Leukocytes from nine patients with acquired agammaglobulinemia were studied in vitro. Synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) induced by phytohemagglutinin was measured by determination of the degree of incorporation of labeled precursor. Synthesis of both DNA and RNA was decreased in the agammaglobulinemic cells. The presence of an inhibitor in the patients' sera could not be demonstrated. These results suggest that the basic defect in agammaglobulinemia is cellular rather than humoral.

Effects of biochemical inhibitors on positional signalling in the chick limb bud

Development ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-216
Author(s):  
Lawrence S. Honig ◽  
J. C. Smith ◽  
Amata Hornbruch ◽  
L. Wolpert
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Limb Buds ◽  
Protein And Rna Synthesis ◽  
Zone Of Polarizing Activity ◽  
Rna And Dna Synthesis ◽  
Rna And Dna

In 3- to 4-day embryonic chick limb buds, a region at the posterior margin of the limb, the zone of polarizing activity, appears to be responsible for signalling positional information along the anteroposterior axis. Our experiments were designed to test which biosynthetic processes are required for polarizing activity. We have treated polarizing regions with biochemical inhibitors, and then assayed their abilities to induce limb reduplications when grafted into anterior sites on host limb buds, and also measured their capacities for protein, RNA, and DNA synthesis. DNA synthesis, and possibly oxidative phosphorylation, do not seem to be required for polarizing activity. But, glycolysis and protein and RNA synthesis are necessary, although not sufficient, for polarizing region activity. Activity seems particularly sensitive to inhibitors (actinomycin D and α-amanitin) of RNA synthesis.

Studies on mode of action of a bacteriocin from Clostridium septicum

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Schallehn ◽  
J. Krämer
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Supernatant Fluid ◽  
Clostridium Septicum ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Protein And Rna Synthesis

A bacteriocin was found in the supernatant fluid of Clostridium septicum strain Ovinus. Sensitivity to the bacteriocin was confined to other strains of C. septicum and to strains of C. chauvoei; the other Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested for sensitivity were unaffected by the bacteriocin. The bacteriocin killed sensitive cells rapidly but cell lysis did not appear to be involved. The bacteriocin inhibited protein and RNA synthesis immediately after its addition to sensitive cells; DNA synthesis was inhibited 10 min later.

scholarly journals Effects of 5-fluorouracil and 6-azauracil on the synthesis of ribonucleic acid and protein in Saccharomyces carlsbergensis

1968 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. De Kloet
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Base Composition ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis ◽  
Protein And Rna Synthesis ◽  
Ribosome Formation ◽  
Rna Formation

1. Some effects of 6-azauracil and 5-fluorouracil on protein and RNA synthesis in Saccharomyces carlsbergensis were studied. 2. Both analogues caused a severe inhibition of RNA formation, whereas protein synthesis was much less affected. 3. Induced α-glucosidase formation was only slightly impaired. 4. Both analogues caused an inhibition of ribosome formation, although 5-fluorouracil was far more effective. 5. In the presence of the latter analogue abnormal RNA of high molecular weight and of more DNA-like base composition accumulated. On reincubation in medium free of analogue but containing uracil the abnormal RNA disappeared and was replaced by the normally sedimenting high-molecular-weight RNA species.

Alternate pressurization–depressurization effects on growth and net protein, RNA and DNA synthesis by Escherichia coli and Vibrio marinus

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1237-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. Albright
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Synthetic Process ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Protein And Rna Synthesis ◽  
Absorbance Changes ◽  
Pressure Resistance ◽  
Net Protein

The effects on growth and net protein, ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis of alternately pressurizing and depressurizing exponentially growing cells of Escherichia coli B/r and Vibrio marinus MP-1 between 1 atm and 544 atm of hydrostatic pressure were studied. The application of 544 atm to these 1 atm exponentially growing cultures caused an almost immediate cessation or lowering in the rates of cell division, absorbance changes, and net protein and RNA synthesis. The cells of E. coli B/r, however, in some manner adapted to 544 atm, since cell division, absorbance, and synthesis of protein and RNA, within minutes, resumed exponential increases but at much lower rates. V. marinus MP-1 did not display this pressure adaption upon the first application of 544 atm. Upon pressure release both cultures resumed the 1-atm exponential increases with respect to cell division and absorbance, and net protein and RNA synthesis. A second application of 544 atm, however, had a less drastic influence on cell division and the rates of increase of absorbance and net protein and RNA synthesis. Both cultures immediately shifted to lower synthetic rates. There was no immediate effect upon DNA synthesis in these two bacteria upon application of 544 atm, but this synthetic process slowed and ceased with time. The data indicate a reversible sensitivity to 544 atm in the order protein > RNA > DNA synthesis and that the cells can in some fashion adapt to pressure resistance.

Effect of Some Metabolic Inhibitors on Vinblastine-Induced Ribosomal-Granular Material Complexes

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
Awtar Krishan ◽  
Dora Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Granular Material ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Protein And Rna Synthesis ◽  
Apparent Reduction ◽  
Plant Alkaloids ◽  
In Cells

Cells exposed to antitumor plant alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine sulfate have large proteinacious crystals and complexes of ribosomes, helical polyribosomes and electron-dense granular material (ribosomal complexes) in their cytoplasm, Binding of H3-colchicine by the in vivo crystals shows that they contain microtubular proteins. Association of ribosomal complexes with the crystals suggests that these structures may be interrelated.In the present study cultured human leukemic lymphoblasts (CCRF-CEM), were incubated with protein and RNA-synthesis inhibitors, p. fluorophenylalanine, puromycin, cycloheximide or actinomycin-D before the addition of crystal-inducing doses of vinblastine to the culture medium. None of these compounds could completely prevent the formation of the ribosomal complexes or the crystals. However, in cells pre-incubated with puromycin, cycloheximide, or actinomycin-D, a reduction in the number and size of the ribosomal complexes was seen. Large helical polyribosomes were absent in the ribosomal complexes of cells treated with puromycin, while in cells exposed to cycloheximide, there was an apparent reduction in the number of ribosomes associated with the ribosomal complexes (Fig. 2).

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