Composition of lipids in extracts of Pullularia pullulans

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1021-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Merdinger ◽  
Paul Kohn ◽  
Roy C. McClain
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Silicic Acid Column ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Neutral And Polar Lipids ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Neutral and polar lipids in an extract of Pullularia pullulans were separated by a single silicic acid column. Of the total lipid content, 74% was found to be neutral lipids, on the average, and 26% was polar lipids. Gas chromatography of methyl esters of the fatty acids showed the presence of 15 acids, of which 59.2% were unsaturated. The most abundant unsaturated acid was C18 monounsaturated (41.9%) and the most abundant saturated acid wasC16 (30.8%). Gas chromatography and thin-layer chromatography revealed the presence of ergosterol, stigmasterol, and possibly squalene. Straight chain, branched chain, and saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons were also found by gas chromatography. Trehalose was isolated and evidence suggests that it was esterified with one or more fatty acid residues.

Quality Characteristics of Fresh Meat from Pigs of the Gascon Breed

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sans ◽  
M. J. Andrade ◽  
S. Ventanas ◽  
J. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Neutral And Polar Lipids

Chemical parameters involved in technological meat quality for dry cured processing of Gascon pigs were studied in longissimus dorsi (LD) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. Muscles from Gascon pigs showed 2.60 and 2.84% of intramuscular fat content, 23.64 and 22.14% protein content and 1.34 and 4.63mg of myoglobin per gram of muscle (respectively LD and BF). Intramuscular fat (IMF) and myoglobin levels were higher than those reported for commercial pigs, but lower than those previously found in Iberian pigs. A similar situation was detected in the fatty acid composition of neutral and polar lipids of both muscles. Thus, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in neutral lipids of Gascon pig muscles (LD and BF respectively) were 58.27 and 51.98%, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels were 5.61 and 14.13% respectively; values similar to those found in Iberian pigs and quite different to usual values in commercial pig breeds. The same trend was found in polar lipids. Both muscles showed a low susceptibility to induced lipid oxidation, in agreement with their fatty acid composition. These results pointed out that meat from pigs of the Gascon breed showed optimal characteristics for dry cured processing.

Identification of fatty acids from butterfat using a combined gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer

1967 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnar Ryhage
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Chain Lengths

SummaryThe identification and approximate quantitative determination of methyl esters of fatty acids from commercial butterfat was obtained with a combined gaschromatograph-mass spectrometer instrument. Fifty-two components, straight chain saturated and unsaturated, as well as branched chain compounds, were identified. Seven monomethyl saturated fatty acid methyl ester isomers were identified for both C15 and C17, i.e. with chain lengths of 14 and 16 carbon atoms, respectively. Multibranched fatty acids with molecular weights of 326 and 368 were found. The results were obtained in one day.

THE LIPID COMPOSITION OF BACILLUS CEREUS AS INFLUENCED BY THE PRESENCE OF ALCOHOLS IN THE CULTURE MEDIUM

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kates ◽  
D. J. Kushner ◽  
A. T. James
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphatide Content ◽  
Unknown Structure ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Long Chain

Cells of Bacillus cereus grown in an alcohol-free medium (control cells) had a lipid content of 2.6 ± 0.4%, on a dry weight basis. About half of the lipids consisted of phosphatides, including phosphatidyl ethanolamine (40%), phosphatidyl glycerol (28%), lecithin (6%), lyso compounds (10%), and three acidic phosphatides of unknown structure. The fatty acids of the total lipids were predominantly saturated, the major components being branched-chain C13, C15, and C17acids. The neutral lipids consisted mostly of diglycerides, with a small amount of triglycerides. Five to ten per cent of the lipids was obtained as unsaponifiable material, consisting chiefly of long-chain (n-C16and n-C18) alcohols, and having traces of long-chain aldehydes (derived from plasmalogens).Cells grown in the presence of alcohols usually had a higher phosphatide content, a correspondingly lower non-phosphatide content, and a higher non-saponifiable content than control cells. Total lipid content or relative proportions of the phosphatide components in alcohol-grown cells did not differ significantly from those of control cells.

scholarly journals Comparative Fatty Acid Profiling of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Rhodococcus rhodochrous Isolated from Spoilt Paints by Gas Chromatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
O. F. Obidi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Fatty Acid Distribution ◽  
Rhodococcus Rhodochrous ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Hydroxyl Fatty Acids

The use of fatty acids to study the differences in un-related microbes is limited. This study analyzes the fatty acids produced by two unrelated microorganisms: Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram-negative, aerobic, non-endospore forming, usually encapsulated rod-shaped bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae) and Rhodococcus rhodochrous (metabolically versatile, non-spore-forming, non-motile actinomycete) isolated from spoilt paints. Fatty acids produced by the organisms were analyzed using an efficient MIDI-Sherlock gas chromatography method . K. pneumoniae was characterized by a high content of straight chain, branched chain, hydroxyl and cyclo-fatty acids made up of C12: 0, C13:0, C14:0 iso, C14:0, C15:0 iso, C15:0 anteiso, C15:1 ω 8c, C15:0, C16:0 iso, C16:1w5c, C16:0, C15:03OH, C17:1 ω 8c, C17:0 cyclo, C17:0, C18:1 ω5c and C18:0. R. rhodochrous was dominated by straight chain, monounsaturated and 10-methyl fatty acids. The inability to synthesize branched, cyclo- and hydroxyl- fatty acids, was observed in R. rhodochrous which composed mainly of C14: 0, C15: 1 ω 5c, C15:0, C16:1 ω 9c, C16:0, C17:1 ω 8c, C17:0, C17:0 10-methyl, C18: 1 ω 9c, C18.0, 10 methyl-C18:0 TBSA, C20:1 ω 9c, and C20:0. Descriptive statistics reveal a mean of 2.53, 15.10 and 15.15 for retention time (RT), equivalent chain length (ECL) and Peak name, respectively. Possible implications of the variations in fatty acid distribution may include differences in their abilities to produce various secondary metabolites and potentials to degrade a variety of xenobiotics. Keywords: Fatty acids, paints, Rhodococcus rhodochrous, Klebsiella pneumoniae

Neutral and polar lipid fatty acids in five families of demersal and pelagic fish from the deep Northwest Atlantic

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1807-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurgül Şen Özdemir ◽  
Christopher C Parrish ◽  
Camilla Parzanini ◽  
Annie Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Neutral And Polar Lipids ◽  
Trophic Connections

AbstractFatty acids in neutral and polar lipids were used to investigate trophic connections in species from five families of demersal (Rajella fyllae, Malacoraja senta, Alepocephalus bairdii, Borostomias antarcticus) and pelagic fish (Bathytroctes macrolepis, Lampanyctus spp., Chaulidos sloani, Serrivomer beanii) sampled in the deep Atlantic Ocean off Newfoundland, Canada. Lipid extracts were fractionated into neutral, acetone-mobile polar, and phospholipids to separate fatty acids in storage from those in membranes. Multivariate analysis of fatty acids showed that there were greater differences among the three lipid fractions than there were among the species when all fatty acid fractions were considered together. Neutral lipid fatty acids were characterized by monoenes, acetone-mobile polar lipids (AMPL) by C18 polyenes, and phospholipids by 16:0 and DHA. Multivariate analysis of fatty acids in phospholipids showed a strong grouping by taxonomic family (>80% similarity), while the neutral lipid fatty acids showed a weaker grouping by family (72.5% similarity) but groupings that also related to habitat and vertical migration. The neutral lipid data supported the use of 20:1ω9 as a biomarker of calanoid copepods and of 16:1ω7 as a marker of diatoms to determine food web connections in deep-sea fish, but not some other common markers. In addition, correlations with δ15N showed that series of ω6 and ω7 fatty acids were trophically transferred though neutral lipids, especially the essential fatty acid, ARA. Neutral lipids were also reservoirs for essential ω3 fatty acids in demersal species, but the major reservoir for DHA was AMPL and phospholipid in pelagic species.

Similarities between the Dufour Gland Secretions of the Ants Camponotus ligniperda (Latr.) and Camponotus herculeanus (L.) (Hym.)

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Löfqvist ◽  
Gunnar Bergström
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Capillary Gas Chromatography ◽  
Dufour's Gland ◽  
Dufour’S Gland ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hexadecyl Acetate ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Main Components

AbstractThe two ant species Camponotus ligniperda ,(Latr.) and Camponotus herculeanus (L.) show very small differences in morphology and general biology. The present work demonstrates that the two species are very similar also with respect to the composition of the volatile secretions emanating from Dufour's gland in worker ants. As in other formicine ant species analysed by us earlier, the main components are straight chain, satured hydrocarbons with II, I3, I5 and I7 carbons atoms. Tridecane is the dominating component. Unsatured, straight chain hydrocarbons and branched chain, saturated hydrocarbons are also present. We have also identified aliphatic alcohols, ketones and acetates as components of the secretion from Dufour's gland, as well as a11-trans-farnesyl acetate and one isomer of farnesene in trace amounts. Of these compounds hexadecyl acetate is the dominating one. The analyses have been carried out by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry and by capillary gas chromatography. In both techniques we have been using a precolumn for isolating the volatile compounds.

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