Effets des purines et des pyrimidines sur la croissance de Corynebacterium sepedonicum (Spiek. & Kott.) Skapt. & Burkh.

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucien M. Bordeleau ◽  
Robert-A. Lachance
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Corynebacterium Sepedonicum ◽  
Purines And Pyrimidines

The effects of purines and pyrimidines on the growth of Corynebacterium sepedonicum were studied in a synthetic medium containing amino acids, vitamins, mineral salts, and glucose. Among four purines tested, only adenine inhibited the growth of the organism. Hypoxanthine and guanine reversed the inhibition caused by adenine. None of four pyrimidines tested affected the growth. In the presence of pyrimidines, only hypoxanthine reversed the inhibition caused by adenine. It appears that purines and pyrimidines do not stimulate the growth of C. sepedonicum and that the synthesis of nucleic acids from these bases is not a limiting factor in the growth of the organism.

Nutritional requirements of mutants of Escherichia coli resistant to gamma irradiation

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haskel Robern ◽  
F. S. Thatcher
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Peptone Medium ◽  
Purines And Pyrimidines

The nutritional requirements of three mutants resistant to γ irradiation were investigated. The mutants were derived from a wild type strain of Escherichia coli and were arbitrarily designated in order of resistance as 1γ < 6γ < 12γ.Studies of growth of these strains in basal medium (mineral salts – glucose), peptone medium, and a complete chemically defined (CCD) medium, showed that the wild type and 1γ mutant grew in all media, but the 1γ mutant exhibited a prolonged lag phase in basal medium. The 6γ and 12γ mutants did not grow in basal medium but grew in peptone medium and in CCD medium (mineral salts, glucose, amino acids, purines, and pyrimidines) after a lag of several hours. None of the amino acids, purines, and pyrimidines were required for growth by the 1γ mutant, but leucine, methionine, and valine were stimulatory. The 6γ mutant required leucine, methionine, and proline, while threonine and valine were marked stimulants. The 12γ mutant required leucine, methionine, proline, valine, arginine, cysteine, histidine, tryptophan, and uracil or cytosine. Threonine was a strong stimulant for this strain. Thus, the nutritional requirements of the mutants resistant to γ irradiation increased with increased resistance to γ irradiation, and compounds which stimulated growth of a mutant with lower resistance to irradiation became essential for the mutants exhibiting a higher resistance.

THE AMINO-ACID REQUIREMENTS OF CORYNEBACTERIUM SEPEDONICUM (SPIEK. & KOTT.) SKAPT. & BURKH.

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert-A. Lachance
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Specific Amino Acid ◽  
Corynebacterium Sepedonicum ◽  
Casein Hydrolyzate ◽  
Absolute Requirement ◽  
Nutritional Importance ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements

The amino-acid requirements of Corynebacterium sepedonicum (Spiek. & Kott.) Skapt. & Burkh. were studied in a medium containing vitamins, glucose, and mineral salts. Seven amino acids, asparagine, methionine, leucine, histidine, alanine, arginine, and proline, were found to be required to obtain growth equivalent to that obtained with casein hydrolyzate, though asparagine and methionine are of major nutritional importance: no absolute requirement for a specific amino acid could be demonstrated. Tryptophane, tyrosine, phenylalanine, cystine, and cysteine were found to be inhibitory.

scholarly journals Magnesium Supplementation Alters Leaf Metabolic Pathways for Higher Flavor Quality of Oolong Tea

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiuliang Xu ◽  
Liangquan Wu ◽  
Bingxin Tong ◽  
Jiaxu Yin ◽  
Zican Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Oolong Tea

Oolong tea, one of the most famous tea beverages in China, contains specialized metabolites contributing to rich flavors and human health. Accumulation patterns of such metabolites and underlying regulatory mechanisms significantly vary under different growth conditions. To optimize quality and yield while minimizing environmental effects, three treatments were designed in this study: Conventional fertilization, optimized fertilization, and optimized fertilization supplemented with magnesium (Mg). We investigated the yield, taste quality, primary and secondary metabolites of oolong tea, and found that a substantial reduction in chemical fertilizers (nutrient optimization by reducing 43% N, 58% P2O5 and 55% K2O) did not affect the tea yield in this study. Interestingly, Mg fertilization is an important factor influencing amino acid and sugar accumulation in oolong tea, resulting in higher concentrations of total free amino acids and a lower ratio of tea polyphenols (TP) to free amino acids (FAA). Gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) combined multivariate analyses revealed distinct features of metabolite accumulation in leaves of three different treatments, as indicated by 34 differentially accumulated characteristic compounds. The levels of serine, aspartic acid, isoleucine, phenylalanine, theanine, and proline were reduced by fertilizer optimization and increased by Mg supplementation. Mg particularly promoted theanine accumulation favoring a stronger umami taste of oolong tea, while decreasing astringency and bitter metabolites. Thus, Mg application paves a new path for tea quality improvement in Southern China where Mg deficiency in the soil is a frequent limiting factor for crop production.

scholarly journals Morphological and Metabolite Responses of Potatoes under Various Phosphorus Levels and Their Amelioration by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5162
Author(s):  
Leangsrun Chea ◽  
Birgit Pfeiffer ◽  
Dominik Schneider ◽  
Rolf Daniel ◽  
Elke Pawelzik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Low phosphorus (P) availability is a major limiting factor for potatoes. P fertilizer is applied to enhance P availability; however, it may become toxic when plants accumulate at high concentrations. Therefore, it is necessary to gain more knowledge of the morphological and biochemical processes associated with P deficiency and toxicity for potatoes, as well as to explore an alternative approach to ameliorate the P deficiency condition. A comprehensive study was conducted (I) to assess plant morphology, mineral allocation, and metabolites of potatoes in response to P deficiency and toxicity; and (II) to evaluate the potency of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in improving plant biomass, P uptake, and metabolites at low P levels. The results revealed a reduction in plant height and biomass 60–80% under P deficiency compared to P optimum. P deficiency and toxicity conditions also altered the mineral concentration and allocation in plants due to nutrient imbalance. The stress induced by both P deficiency and toxicity was evident from an accumulation of proline and total free amino acids in young leaves and roots. Furthermore, root metabolite profiling revealed that P deficiency reduced sugars by 50–80% and organic acids by 20–90%, but increased amino acids by 1.5–14.8 times. However, the effect of P toxicity on metabolic changes in roots was less pronounced. Under P deficiency, PGPR significantly improved the root and shoot biomass, total root length, and root surface area by 32–45%. This finding suggests the potency of PGPR inoculation to increase potato plant tolerance under P deficiency.

Partial intercalation with nucleic acids of peptides containing aromatic and basic amino acids

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Robledo-Luiggi ◽  
Marisol Vera ◽  
Liliana Cobo ◽  
Ervia Jaime ◽  
Carmen Mart�nez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Basic Amino Acids

scholarly journals Biophysics : Aspects of Amino Acids Sequence in Proteins and Nucleotide Sequence in Nucleic Acids

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Khadka Bahadur Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Polypeptide Chain ◽  
Antibody Complex ◽  
Antigen Antibody

Protein is the polypeptide chain of amino-acid sequence. Proteins of all species, from bacteria to humans, are made up from the same set of 20 standard amino acids. In order to carry out their function they must take a particular shape which is known as fold. All the enzymes hormones and antibodies are also proteins. To treat certain toxic-microorganism or invader we need certain antigen-antibody complex in the organisms. Just as amino-acid sequence forms the proteins, the polynucleotide sequence forms the nucleic acids. The gene is a part of DNA macromolecule responsible for the synthesis of protein chains. There are 20 amino-acids responsible for the formation of protein and 4 nucleotides responsible for the formation of DNA (RNA). Therefore, we can say that protein text is written in 20-letter and the DNA (RNA) text is written in 4-letter language. The information contained in genes in DNA is transferred to mRNA during transcription.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 65-74 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013 

scholarly journals Chlorine and its importance in the inactivation of bacteria, can it inactivate viruses?

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Nayzzel Muñoz-Castellanos ◽  
Alejandra Borrego-Loya ◽  
Cindy Viviana Villalba-Bejarano ◽  
Román González-Escobedo ◽  
Nuvia Orduño-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Hypochlorous Acid ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Membrane Components ◽  
Fast Acting ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Inactivation Of Bacteria

Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and its active ingredient, hypochlorous acid (HClO), are the most widely used chlorine-based disinfectants. HClO is a fast-acting antimicrobial that interacts with many biomolecules, including amino acids, lipids, nucleic acids, and sulfur containing membrane components, causing cell damage. In this review, we present examples of the effectiveness of chlorine in general disinfection procedures to inactivate bacteria and, under some conditions, bacteria in biofilms and viruses.

scholarly journals Influence of alimentary factors on the absorption of feed nutrients and poultry productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (95) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
B. Ya. Kyryliv ◽  
A. V. Hunchak ◽  
I. B. Ratych ◽  
B. V. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Modern Bird ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Poultry Feeding ◽  
Fat Supplements ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The article is a summary of the literature on the main aspects of the modern bird feeding system. Theoretical aspects and results of experimental research of scientists on the substantiation of parameters of protein and amino acid nutrition are given, which is an important factor that, under appropriate conditions can significantly guarantee the realization of the genetic potential of corresponding breeds and crosses of poultry. It is shown that an important aspect of protein nutrition is the ratio of feed amino acids. Their negative interaction can be caused by a deficiency of one or more amino acids, an imbalance between them, antagonism, and toxicity. This is accompanied by effects on various physiological and biochemical processes, significantly affects appetite, intestinal absorption, renal reabsorption and transport of amino acids, their catabolism, rate of protein decomposition, synthesis, and formation of toxic metabolic products. The data show that the required level of energy for the bird's body is provided by carbohydrates (mainly of plant origin) and lipids (fat supplements of various origins). It is noted that lipids promote the absorption, transport, and deposition of fat-soluble vitamins. The effectiveness of using fat supplements as energy depends on their source. At the same time, among the indispensable nutrients that have a significant impact on growth intensity, reproductive quality, poultry productivity, and biological value of products, an important role is played by macro-and micronutrients. Many researchers emphasize that along with the use of traditional feeds in poultry feeding, the possibilities of non-traditional cereals rich in protein and lipids are not fully used. A limiting factor in their use is the presence in their composition of anti-nutrients contained in many feeds. Once in the digestive tract of animals, they negatively affect the absorption of feed nutrients. In most cases, the consumption of such feed by animals is manifested in growth retardation, increased feed consumption, hormonal effects, and, less frequently, in the dysfunction of certain organs.

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