MODE OF ATTACK ON PHENOL BY A MICROCOCCUS SP. ISOLATED FROM COIR RETS

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1031-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Jayasankar ◽  
J. V. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Phenol Hydroxylase ◽  
Pseudomonas Fragi

Phenol enrichments of coir rets resulted in the isolation of Pseudomonas desmolytica, Pseudomonas fragi, Pseudomonas dacunhae, and Micrococcus varians. The inducible phenol hydroxylase of M. varians obtained in a crude form showed maximal activity at pH 7.5. Evidence was adduced to show that the ring-cleaving enzyme of M. varians was of the metapyrocatechase type. The M. varians strains when cultured in phenol medium elaborated a diffusible melanin-like pigment. Ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the pigment was identified as 3,4,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy diphenyl. The effect of certain aromatic compounds and copper binders on pigmentation was investigated.

scholarly journals The radical scavenging activity of 2-2’ diphenyl -1- picrylhydrazil (DPPH) on the methanol extracts and Ethyl acetate fractions of red dragon fruit peel  (Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C.Weber) Britton dan Rose)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Sri Wahdaningsih ◽  
Subagus Wahyuono ◽  
Sugeng Riyanto ◽  
Retno Murwanti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Dragon Fruit

<p> </p><p>Red dragon fruit (<em>H. Polyrhizus</em>) is one of the the plants that has a great potential as natural antioxidant. This study tested the activity of radical scavenging of 2-2' diphenyl -1- pikril hidrazil (DPPH) in the methanol extract, as well as in the soluble and insoluble fractions of ethyl acetate of red dragon fruit peel. This research is carried out through various stages, such as: extraction and fractionation to obtain both insoluble fraction and soluble fractions of ethyl acetate. Antioxidant activity test is conducted by the method of thin layer chromatography and spectrophotometry.<strong> </strong>Antioxidant activity test, IC<sub>50 </sub>values of methanol extract, ethyl acetate soluble fraction, and insoluble fraction of ethyl acetate had been obtained consecutively as much as 241.19 µg /mL, 8.34  µg/mL, 46.84 µg/mL. The soluble fraction of ethyl acetate had greater antioxidant activity compared to the methanol extract and the insoluble fractions of ethyl acetate.</p>

scholarly journals Pyrogenesis of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Present in Cigarette Smoke II: Pyrolytic Products of some Representative Constituents of the Hexane Soluble Fraction of Tobacco

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Schlotzhauer ◽  
I. Schmeltz
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Alkyl Side Chains ◽  
Pyrolytic Products

Abstract In continued studies to reevaluate the contribution of the hexane-soluble fraction of flue-cured tobacco to the formation of aromatic compounds, especially polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, present in cigarette smoke, some compounds representative of that fraction have been pyrolyzed (860°C, N2). The straight chain saturated compounds, n-hexane, stearic acid, and dotriacontane, produced pyrolysates distinguished by relatively low yields of total neutrals and the absence of any significant quantities of aromatic products with alkyl side chains. Compounds containing double bonds, such as the unsaturated fatty acid, linolenic acid and its methyl ester, and the polyene squalene, which like phytol is also characterized by methyl groups on the chain, produced relatively higher yields of neutral products, including alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons. Phytol, of course, also exhibited this tendency. Pyrolysis of the plant sterol, b-sitosterol, produced the greatest amounts of phenanthrene and BaP. Estimates of BaP levels in pyrolysates indicate that phytol, in addition to the above mentioned sterol, is a relatively effective high temperature precursor of this important carcinogen. The hexane solubles of flue-cured tobacco were shown to produce BaP in levels intermediate to the least effective (stearic acid) and most effective (b-sitosterol) precursor examined.

GLUCOSE AND RIBOSE OXIDATION BY PSEUDOMONAS FRAGI

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1023-1034
Author(s):  
M. Leroux ◽  
H. L. A. Tarr
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Gluconic Acid ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Particulate Fraction ◽  
Pseudomonas Fragi ◽  
Dehydrogenase Enzyme ◽  
Specific Activities

The action of soluble and particulate fractions of sonically disrupted cells of Pseudomonas fragi on glucose and ribose was investigated. It was shown that ribose is oxidized by the particulate fraction to ribono-γ-lactone, but not further, thus verifying previous work. Evidence is presented in support of the fact that oxidation of both glucose and ribose is carried out by a single dehydrogenase enzyme, and that this enzyme is largely present in the particulate fraction. The soluble fraction possessed a lactonase enzyme which was purified slightly. This enzyme hydrolyzed glucono-δ-lactone but not glucono-γ-lactone. The washed particulate possessed no such lactonase activity. The soluble fraction possessed only about 4% of the dehydrogenase activity of the particulate fraction. Both the dehydrogenase and lactonase specific activities were similar when the organism was cultured in glucose or ribose-containing medium. Attempts to show that glucose was degraded by a phosphorolytic mechanism or that gluconic acid was degraded further failed. These findings are consistent with the fact that P. fragi oxidizes glucose to glucono-δ-lactone, and that this lactone is hydrolyzed to gluconic acid by a lactonase enzyme. No serious attempt was made to study the specificity of these enzymes, but it was observed that crude unwashed particulate fractions oxidized both galactose and mannose.

scholarly journals Bioassay Guided Isolation of Free Radical Scavenging Agent from the Bark of Bridelia retusa

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Khaga Raj Sharma ◽  
Achyut Adhikari ◽  
M. Iqbal Choudhary ◽  
Suresh Awale ◽  
Surya Kant Kalauni
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Bridelia Retusa

Bioassay guided fractionation of ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanolic extract of Bridelia retusa yielded tambulin (1), beta-sitosterol (2), and beta-sitosterol glucoside (3), and their structures were elucidated using modern spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their antioxidant activity and compound 1 was found to be potent antioxidant. The DPPH assay showed that the compound 1 has potent antioxidant activity with IC50 166.15±1.92 SEM [muM] and the radical scavenging activity was found to be 86.03% where as the standard butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) has IC50 value 128.83±2.1 SEM [muM]. The radical scavenging activity of standard butylated hydroxy toluene was about 86% .The total phenolic content in ethyl acetate soluble fraction was found to be 147.20±1.5 mg GAE/gm and the total flavonoid content was found to be 16.64±0.00 mg QE/gm.Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2015, 20(1): 97-101

Zum stoffwechsel von aromaten, II. über die muconsäurespaltung von einfachen o-diphenolen / on the metabolism of aromatic compounds, ii * the muconic acid scission of simple o-diphenols

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 662-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günther Schulz ◽  
Erich Hecker
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Steric Effects ◽  
Muconic Acid

Abstract The preparation of substituted cis,cis-muconic acids by oxidative ring scission of simple o-di-phenols with peracetic acid is investigated. Scission of pyrocatechol (1) to cis,cis-muconic acid (2) gives optimal yields, if acetic acid or ethyl acetate is used as solvent and if the solution is 15-20% with respect to sulfuric acid free peracetic acid comprising a one molar excess of oxidant. Under similar conditions, 3-tosylamino-pyrocatechol yields with peracetic acid the hitherto unknown α-tosylamino-cis,cis-muconic caid (18). 18 may be converted to α-tosylamino-traras,trans-muconic acid (19) by means of iodine, UV light or heating. From protocatechuic acid (4) under similar conditions not β-carboxy-cis,cis-muconic acid (5) is obtained, but rather β-carboxy-mucono-lactone (6 b, γ-carboxymethyl-β-carboxy-Δα-butenolide). As yet, this lactone has been accessible only from an isomer of β-carboxy-cis,cis-muconic acid, the latter being obtainable by enzymatic scission of protocatechuic acid (4). Steric effects are responsible for both, the formation of the free cis,cis-muconic acids 2 and 18 from pyrocatechol (1) and α-tosylamino-pyrocatechol, and the formation of the γ-lactone 6 b instead of β -carboxy-cis,cis-muconic acid by scission of protocatechuic acid (4). The time course of the reactions shows that - compared to pyrocatechol (1) - a 3-tosylamino-group enhances the peracetic acid scission, whereas a 4-carboxygroup as in 4 slows it down

Crystal Structure of a Novel Furo-Furan Lactone from Heliotropium eichwaldi

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-271
Author(s):  
Sadiqa Firdous ◽  
Nida Hassan Ansari ◽  
Seik Weng Ngb ◽  
Sammer Yousuf ◽  
Abdul Malik
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Report ◽  
First Time

A novel furo-furan lactone 1 has been isolated as fine needles from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of Heliotropium eichwaldi. This is the first report of any furo-furan from the genus Heliotropium. β -Sitosterol 3-O-β -D-glucoside 2 has also been obtained for the first time from this source. The structure of 1 was elucidated by X-ray diffraction studies.

scholarly journals Effect of Debarking Water from Norway Spruce (Picea abies) on the Growth of Five Species ofWood-Decaying Fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 418-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelie Fagerlund Edfeldt ◽  
Erik Hedenström ◽  
Mattias Edman ◽  
Bengt Gunnar Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Brown Rot Fungi ◽  
Freeze Dried

Abstract Norway spruce (Picea abies) debarking water is an aqueous extract obtained as waste from the debarking of logs at paper mills. The debarking water contains a mixture of natural compounds that can exhibit diverse biological activities, potentially including fungicidal activity on some species of wood-decaying fungi. Thus, we investigated the growth rates of such fungi on agar plates to which debarking water extracts had been added. The experiment included five wood-decaying fungi, viz. Gloeophyllum sepiarium, Oligoporus lateritius, Ischnoderma benzoinum, Junghuhnia luteoalba, and Phlebia sp. Growth reduction was observed for all species at the highest tested concentrations of freeze-dried and ethanol-extracted debarking water, the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction and the diethyl ether-soluble fraction. However, the magnitude of the effect varied between different species and strains of individual species. The brown-rot fungi G. sepiarium and O. lateritius were generally the most sensitive species, with the growth of all tested strains being completely inhibited by the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction. These results indicate that development of antifungal wood-protecting agents from debarking water could potentially be a way to make use of a low-value industrial waste.

Anti-proliferative study and isolation of Ochnaflavone from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of Ochna kibbiensis Hutch & Dalziel

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (18) ◽  
pp. 2149-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi M. Ismail ◽  
Aliyu M. Musa ◽  
Tajuddeen Nasir ◽  
Mohammed G. Magaji ◽  
Yusuf A. Jega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Soluble Fraction
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