A COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR THE ISOLATION OF FUNGI FROM RHIZOSPHERES

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Parkinson ◽  
A. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Isolation Methods ◽  
Soil Dilution ◽  
Dwarf Bean ◽  
Methods Of Isolation

A comparison was made between the fungi isolated from non-rhizosphere soil and from rhizosphere soil of mature dwarf bean plants by three methods of isolation: soil dilution plating, soil plating, and soil washing followed by the plating of washed soil particles. The data obtained with rhizosphere soil demonstrated that the use of the soil-washing technique allowed an increased frequency of isolation of sterile forms, Fusarium spp., and members of the Mucorales, whereas heavily sporing forms were isolated with decreased frequency. It is concluded that, compared with other isolation methods, the soil-washing technique allows a more accurate assessment of fungi active in the rhizosphere.

THE INITIATION OF THE RHIZOSPHERE MYCOFLORA OF DWARF BEAN PLANTS

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Thomas ◽  
D. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Humicola Grisea ◽  
Dwarf Bean

An attempt was made, using the soil-washing box technique, to obtain detailed information about the initiation of the rhizosphere mycoflora of dwarf bean seedlings.Tabulated information of the fungi isolated from washed non-rhizosphere soil and washed rhizosphere soil from plants during the first 20 days after seed germination is presented together with data of the fungi isolated from the waters in which these soil samples were washed. These data are discussed in relation to previous observations of fungi isolated from rhizospheres by other methods.The results obtained revealed that in the early days after seed germination the rhizosphere mycoflora was qualitatively similar to that of the non-rhizosphere soil. However, a number of distinct differences were discernible between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere populations even at these early stages of plant growth, namely that Cylindrocarpon radicicola, Humicola grisea, and a sterile sclerotial form (W1) were isolated with increased frequency from the rhizosphere, whereas Trichoderma viride was consistently isolated less frequently from the rhizosphere than from non-rhizosphere soil.

Quantitative study of fungi in the rhizosphere

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 875-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Parkinson ◽  
A. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Agar Film ◽  
Dwarf Bean ◽  
Stimulation Of

Working with dwarf bean plants, the authors studied changes in the lengths of fungal mycelium in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil at different stages of plant growth, using the soil-agar film technique. In general it appears that the stimulation of microbial growth in the rhizosphere was slight in the early stages of plant growth; the length of mycelium in rhizosphere soil increased with increase in vegetative growth of the plants, and decreased markedly at senescence of the plants.Respirometric studies on rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples indicated greater activity in rhizosphere soil. The degree of stimulation of activity in rhizosphere soil varied according to the stage of plant growth, with maximum activity corresponding to the stage of maximum vegetative growth of the plants.

Occurrence of Fusarium spp. associated with root tissues and rhizosphere soils of forest trees and assessment of their pathogenicity on Prunus amygdalus seedlings

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 679 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chehri ◽  
B. Salleh ◽  
M. J. Soleimani ◽  
K. R. N. Reddy ◽  
L. Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Prunus Amygdalus ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
The West ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Root Tissues

Occurrence, distribution and pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. associated with roots and rhizosphere soils of forest trees were studied. Fusarium spp. was isolated from phloem and sapwood of forest trees and composite rhizosphere soil samples collected from highly diversified geographical and climatic regions of the west of Iran and identified based on their morphological characteristics. Only three Fusarium spp. (F. oxysporum, F. solani and F. eumartii) was isolated from roots. F. nygamai, F. graminearum, F. scirpi, F. proliferatum, F. anthophilum, F. longipes and F. chlamydosporum were recovered from soil samples collected from warm and moderately warm regions, while F. culmorum, F. sporotrichioides, F. sambucinum and F. subglutinans were recovered from cold regions. F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. equiseti, F. verticillioides, F. merismoides and F. avenaceum were present in all climatic regions. In the bark inoculation tests, selected Fusarium strains representing all species were evaluated for their pathogenicity on stems of healthy Prunus amygdalus under greenhouse conditions. Stem rot assessment revealed that F. oxysporum, F. solani and F. eumartii were the most damaging species.

scholarly journals Salmonellas in Danish pigs: a comparison of three isolation methods

1985 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Skovgaard ◽  
Sven Gade Christensen ◽  
A. W. Gulistani
Keyword(s):  
Brilliant Green ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Lymph Glands ◽  
Isolation Methods ◽  
Peptone Water ◽  
Direct Inoculation ◽  
Methods Of Isolation

SUMMARYCaecal samples from 350 Danish bacon pigs were investigated for salmonella using three methods of isolation. (1) Direct inoculation of 1 g of faeces into 10 ml of Muller–Kaufmann medium (MK medium) with addition of 0·3% Teepol 610 and subculture on Brilliant Green lactose sucrose phenol-red agar (BLSF agar) with 0·3% Teepol G10. (2) Pre-enrichment of 5 g of faeces into buffered peptone water with addition of 1% Teepol 610 followed by enrichment of 1 ml in 10 ml MK medium with 1% Teepol 610 and subculture on BLSF agar with 0·3% Teepol. (3) Incubation of 0·1 ml of the pre-enrichment (2) into 10 ml Rappaport-Vassiliadis medium (RV 10 medium) incubated at 43°C, subculture on BLSF agar.The MK media with and without pre-enrichment yielded higher findings than the RV 10 media. In total, 28 (8%) of the pigs were found positive, representing 11 (7·4%) of a total of 142 herds investigated. Lymph glands were collected at a later date from six of the positive herds. Five of the herds were found positive.The number of salmonellas in the glands was low, probably less than ten per gram.

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Trichoderma spp. from Rhizosphere Soil and Their Antagonistic Activity against Fusarium spp.

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Jaygendra Kumar ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Akash Tomar ◽  
. Vaishali ◽  
Pushpendra Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Species

Trichoderma species are well known for their biocontrol activity which colonize many soil and tuber-borne and foliage plant pathogens. In this study, 12 native isolates of Trichiderma spp were collected from various crop rhizosphere soil samples and characterized them phenotypically based on morphological and cultural features and genotypically based on sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region-PCR amplification. The results obtained from phenotypic and genotypic observation revealed that isolates were belonged to five different species namely T. asperellum, T. harzianum, T. longibrachiatum, T. koningii and T. koningiopsis. All Trichoderma isolates produced ~600 bp amplicon and phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates were grouped with respective species. Further, the antagonistic potential of all the isolates was evaluated against Fusarium spp. following in vitro dual culture method. The results showed that isolates of T. harzianum exhibited maximum growth inhibition activity. The highest rate of inhibition was recorded with T. harzianum isolate TBT6 (87.1%) followed by TBT7 (82.2%), while the least inhibition was observed in T. longibrachiatum isolate TBT10 (59.7%) after 7 days of incubation. The antagonistic T. harzianum isolate TBT6 can be used for development of Trichoderma based bio-formulation and served as bio-control agent against Fusaium spp. under field conditions.

scholarly journals FINE STRUCTURE AND PIGMENT CONVERSION IN ISOLATED ETIOLATED PROPLASTIDS

1961 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimon Klein ◽  
A. Poljakoff-Mayber
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Prolamellar Body ◽  
Submicroscopic Structure ◽  
Outer Membranes ◽  
Prolamellar Bodies ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Isolation Methods

Proplastids containing a prolamellar body were isolated from leaves of etiolated bean plants. The isolation methods do not necessarily lead to destruction of their submicroscopic structure and most of the isolated proplastids show well preserved outer membranes, lamellar strands, and the prolamellar body. Morphological intactness of the proplastids varies; certain leaf fractions contain single prolamellar bodies as well as proplastids. Since pellets after centrifugation between 350 g and 1000 to 3000 g contain intact proplastids and, as was shown by quantitative experiments, the same fractions show photoconversion of protochlorophyll to chlorophyll, it is supposed that the isolated particles probably retain many of the properties which are characteristic of them in situ. Isolated proplastids may thus be a valuable tool in investigations on the development of the photosynthetic apparatus.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Diversity of Soil Microflora in Potato Fields of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
M. A. Nitu ◽  
M. Rahaman ◽  
F. M. Aminuzzaman ◽  
N. Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Bacterium Species ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Soil Dilution ◽  
Made In

Microflora from potato rhizosphere soil was isolated from different potato fields of Bangladesh. Seventeen soil samples were analyzed for the presence of microflora in selected potato field soils. Seven fungal species and one bacterium species were morphologically characterized using soil dilution and streak plate methods. The predominant fungi isolated including Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp., Bipolaris sp., Phytophthora sp., Fusarium sp. and one bacterium was identified as Ralstonia solanacearum. Individual colonies of fungi and bacteria were counted on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), V8 juice Agar and their presence in soil was compared in respect of different locations of potato fields. The occurrence of Phytophthora sp. was medium in Tongibari and lower in Singair Union, Sonargaon, Matlab Dakshin, Gobindaganj, Palashbari, Gopinathpur and Bagmara. The highest counts of R. solanacearum were found in Singair Union, Tongibari and Daudkandi and the lowest counts were made in Palashbari and Bagmara. This was the first reported examination of the microbial diversity of soil microflora in some selected potato fields of Bangladesh.

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