CONTINUOUS CULTIVATION AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BOVINE VIRUSES OF CELL LINES DERIVED FROM BOVINE EMBRYONIC TISSUES

1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Greig
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Growing Cell ◽  
Growth Habits ◽  
Bovine Viruses

Two cell lines, one derived from bovine embryo kidney, the other from bovine embryo skin, have been established in continuous in vitro culture. The cells of each line are predominantly of epithelial type in young cultures and become more spindle-shaped in older cultures. The kidney cells have progressed through 45 passages without change in morphology or growth habits, but the skin cells experienced a period of growth recession between the third and seventh passages, followed by the emergence of a new rapidly growing cell type. Each line of cells was shown to support the growth of the virus of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and the agent of coital exanthema of cattle. In each case virus growth was accompanied by degenerative changes leading to death of the culture cells.

scholarly journals Friend disease in vitro.

1981 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
T M Dexter ◽  
T D Allen ◽  
N G Testa ◽  
E Scolnick
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Productive Infection ◽  
Erythroid Cell ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Friend Virus ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Growing Cell

In long-term marrow cultures, hemopoiesis can be maintained for several months, although erythropoiesis is normally suppressed at the most primitive level of development (the erythroid colony-forming cells). Infection of these cultures with a viral complex combining helper-independent murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) and a spleen focus-forming virus (SFFVp) results in a productive infection of both the replication defective SFFVp and the F-MuLV. After infection, the cultures show a dramatic elevation in the numbers of late erythroid progenitor cells (CFU-E), many of which will grow in the absence of added erythropoietin, and a transient erythropoietin, independent erythropoiesis, including the production of mature, enucleated erythrocytes. Hemopoiesis eventually declines, with no evidence for the generation of Friend tumor cells. When erythropoiesis is induced in the long-term cultures by addition of anemic mouse serum before infection by polycythemia-inducing Friend virus, the generation of erythropoietin-independent CFU-E and erythrocyte formation is followed by the sustained production (greater than 40 wk) of primitive erythroid cells with low spontaneous levels (less than 5%) of hemoglobinization. Although these cells will produce spleen colonies in irradiated mice and can be cloned in soft-gel media, they do not produce autonomous, permanently growing cell lines in vitro, i.e., they retain a dependency upon the marrow-adherent layer for their continued growth. However, following a further passage on a "virgin" marrow environment, permanent cell lines can be established that are able to grow independently of environmental influences. Thus, this system is the first description of a complete in vitro system for the reproducible production and isolation of Friend virus-induced erythroid cell lines.

In vitro replication of mouse sarcoma virus (Moloney strain) in bovine embryo skin cells

Virology ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thomas ◽  
M. Boiron ◽  
Y. Stoytchkov ◽  
J. Lasneret
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
In Vitro Replication ◽  
Mouse Sarcoma ◽  
Sarcoma Virus ◽  
Mouse Sarcoma Virus

OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF METHANOL AND FORMALDEHYDE ON ESTABLISHED CELL LINES CULTIVATED IN VITRO

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Elliott ◽  
Donald M. Pace
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Mouse Liver ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Established Cell Lines ◽  
Established Cell ◽  
High Concentrations

Short-term experiments were used to investigate the effects of various concentrations of methanol and formaldehyde upon cells grown in vitro. Mouse liver epithelial, HeLa, human lung, and skin cells were exposed to several concentrations of methanol. The same cell lines, except HeLa, were subjected to different concentrations of formaldehyde.Relatively high concentrations of methanol were required to produce rapid toxic effects. Not all cell lines responded alike to methanol. Concentrations of 15 mg/ml were decidedly inhibitory in case of human skin, lung, and HeLa cells. This concentration, however, appeared to enhance growth in liver cells. At higher concentrations the methanol was toxic to liver cells as well as to the others.Concentrations of formaldehyde greater than 0.035 mg/ml were toxic to mouse liver, human lung and skin cells. A concentration of 0.01 mg/ml of formaldehyde inhibited proliferation of these same cells. These three cell lines did not appear to differ significantly in respect to their sensitivity to formaldehyde. Of the substances investigated to date, formaldehyde appears to be the most toxic.

scholarly journals Pancreatic cancer spheres are more than just aggregates of stem marker-positive cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita Gaviraghi ◽  
Patrizia Tunici ◽  
Silvia Valensin ◽  
Marco Rossi ◽  
Cinzia Giordano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Adherent Cells ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Growing Cell ◽  
Clear Differentiation

Pancreatic cancer stem-like cells are described by membrane expression of CD24, CD44 and ESA (epithelial-specific antigen) and their capacity to grow as spheres in a serum-free medium containing well-defined growth factors. The capacity of a panel of four pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC-1, CFPAC-1, PancTu-1 and PSN-1) to form spheres was tested. All cell lines with the exception of PancTu-1 developed spheres. Phenotypically, the sphere-growing cells showed an increased in vitro invasion capability. Both gene and protein expressions of markers of metastases [CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor 4), OPN (osteopontin) and CD44v6] and components of active hedgehog pathway signalling were assessed. Spheres clearly demonstrated increased expression of the above-mentioned markers when compared with their adherent counterpart. With the aim of identifying a minimum set of markers able to separate cells that have the capacity to form spheres from those incapable of forming spheres, a PCA (principal component analysis) of the multidimensional dataset was performed. Although PCA of the ‘accepted’ stemness genes was unable to separate sphere-forming from sphere-incapable cell lines, the addition of the ‘aggressiveness’ marker CD44v6 allowed a clear differentiation. Moreover, inoculation of the spheres and the adherent cells in vivo confirmed the superior aggressiveness (proliferation and metastasis) of the spheres over the adherent cells. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the sphere-growing cell population is not only composed of cells displaying classical stem membrane markers but also needs CD44v6-positive cells to successfully form spheres. Our results also emphasize the potential therapeutic importance of pathways such as CXCR4 and hedgehog for pancreatic cancer treatment.

OBSERVATIONS ON SOME EFFECTS OF THE SODIUM SALTS OF CERTAIN MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS ON ESTABLISHED CELL LINES

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Pace ◽  
Byron Th. Aftonomos ◽  
Alice Elliott ◽  
Steven Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Established Cell Lines ◽  
Established Cell ◽  
Hela Strain

There appears to be very little information in the literature pertaining to concentrations of various air pollutants or tobacco-smoke constituents that may be toxic or nontoxic to tissue cells cultivated in vitro. We have undertaken the task of ascertaining these levels and this report records observations concerning the first few of many known pollutants.The effects of the sodium salts of 10 monocarboxylic acids (formate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, caproate, oenanthylate, caprylate, caprate, and benzoate) on several established cell lines (HeLa, strain L, human lung, human skin) were studied.All of these compounds at a concentration of 10 mg% were toxic to the cell lines tested with the exceptions of formate, acetate, and benzoate on strain L, and of valerate and caprylate on human lung.All the compounds either stimulated proliferation or had no significant effect at 1 mg% except caproate and benzoate, which were toxic to human lung and human skin cells, respectively.

In vitro cytotoxicity of docetaxel in childhood acute leukemias.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Consolini ◽  
C H Pui ◽  
F G Behm ◽  
S C Raimondi ◽  
D Campana
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Philadelphia Chromosome ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Growing Cell

PURPOSE In seeking to identify novel effective antileukemic agents, we assessed the in vitro activity of the taxoid docetaxel (Taxotere; Rhone-Poulenc Rorer, Antony, France) in primary leukemic cells supported in culture by bone marrow-derived stromal layers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bone marrow samples from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were cultured on allogeneic bone marrow-derived stromal layers and exposed to various concentrations of docetaxel. After 7 days of culture, the number of viable leukemic cells were counted by flow cytometry and compared with that in parallel cultures without drugs. RESULTS In 20 samples tested (15 B-lineage ALL, one T-lineage ALL, and four AML), the median cytotoxicity was 78% after a 7-day culture in the presence of 100 ng/mL docetaxel (range, 54% to 95%). The effects were dose-dependent and extended to all five ALL samples with the t(9;22)(q34;q11) (Philadelphia chromosome) or 11q23 abnormalities, karyotypes associated with an unfavorable outcome. Studies with continuously growing cell lines demonstrated that docetaxel exerted its cytotoxic effect by inducing apoptosis, and was consistently more effective than paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, CT) (mean 50% cell kill [LC50], 6.93 v 12.86 ng/mL in six leukemic cell lines). The antileukemic activities of docetaxel and vincristine were synergistic. While the mean (+/- SD) cytotoxicity of vincristine (0.1 ng/mL) was 11.2% +/- 7.3% and that of docetaxel (10 ng/mL) was 19.3% +/- 17.5% in CEM-C7 cells after 24 hours, combining the two agents increased the cytotoxicity to 62.5% +/- 20.7% (P = .003). CONCLUSION Docetaxel, at concentrations achievable in vivo, is cytotoxic to ALL and AML cells. These results provide a rationale for clinical trials of docetaxel in patients with acute leukemia.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF METHANOL AND FORMALDEHYDE ON ESTABLISHED CELL LINES CULTIVATED IN VITRO

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Alice Elliott ◽  
Donald M. Pace
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Mouse Liver ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Established Cell Lines ◽  
Established Cell ◽  
High Concentrations

Short-term experiments were used to investigate the effects of various concentrations of methanol and formaldehyde upon cells grown in vitro. Mouse liver epithelial, HeLa, human lung, and skin cells were exposed to several concentrations of methanol. The same cell lines, except HeLa, were subjected to different concentrations of formaldehyde.Relatively high concentrations of methanol were required to produce rapid toxic effects. Not all cell lines responded alike to methanol. Concentrations of 15 mg/ml were decidedly inhibitory in case of human skin, lung, and HeLa cells. This concentration, however, appeared to enhance growth in liver cells. At higher concentrations the methanol was toxic to liver cells as well as to the others.Concentrations of formaldehyde greater than 0.035 mg/ml were toxic to mouse liver, human lung and skin cells. A concentration of 0.01 mg/ml of formaldehyde inhibited proliferation of these same cells. These three cell lines did not appear to differ significantly in respect to their sensitivity to formaldehyde. Of the substances investigated to date, formaldehyde appears to be the most toxic.

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