A VIRUS DISEASE OF WESTERN HEMLOCK LOOPER, LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA LUGUBROSA (HULST) (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Sager
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Western Hemlock Looper ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Lambdina Fiscellaria Lugubrosa ◽  
Hemlock Looper

Some observations have been made on the infectious agent, the histopathology, and the incubation period of a polyhedrosis in western hemlock looper larvae. External and internal symptoms are generally similar to nuclear polyhedrosis in other Lepidoptera. Infection is first detectable in fat body nuclei, other susceptible tissues being blood, hypodermis, and tracheal matrix. Larvae subjected to a short period of starvation just prior to oral infection show a shorter incubation period than non-starved larvae. The polyhedral inclusion bodies range from 0.5 μ to 5.0 μ in diameter. Electron micrographs of dissolved polyhedra show their contents to be largely rod-shaped viruses measuring approximately 40 mμ × 290 mμ.

CHAETOPHLEPSIS NASELLENSIS, A DIPTEROUS PARASITOID OF THE WESTERN HEMLOCK LOOPER (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
pp. 1121-1128
Author(s):  
Richard D. Medley ◽  
V. M. Carolin
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Western Hemlock Looper ◽  
Lambdina Fiscellaria Lugubrosa ◽  
Hemlock Looper

AbstractPreserved material from 1962 field studies provided information on the habits and morphology of the tachinid parasitoid Chaetophlepsis nasellensis Reinhard. Parasitization of the larvae of the western hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst), continues over a 30- to 40-day period. Maggots issue from the host larvae and drop to the ground to pupate. The pupae normally overwinter, with adults emerging the following spring or summer. The early first-instar larva differs markedly from the late first-instar. The three instars can be distinguished on the basis of body length and the structure and form of the buccopharyngeal apparatus. The first and third larval instars and the puparium are distinctive enough to permit easy identification during studies of the western hemlock looper and associated loopers.

SAMPLING WESTERN HEMLOCK LOOPER PUPAE (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE) USING BURLAP TRAPS

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry L. Shore
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Western Hemlock Looper ◽  
Lambdina Fiscellaria Lugubrosa ◽  
Hemlock Looper

Burlap wrapped around western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg., trees at breast height was used to trap pupae of the western hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst). The number of pupae in the traps was highly variable and was not related to tree diameter or the surface area of the trap. There was a significant relationship between the number of viable pupae per trap and the number of healthy western hemlock looper eggs subsequently laid on lichen in the trees. Sample size requirements are presented.

Sex pheromone of the western hemlock looper,Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1009-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Gries ◽  
Regine Gries ◽  
Sh�n H. Krannitz ◽  
Jianxiong Li ◽  
G. G. Skip King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Western Hemlock Looper ◽  
Lambdina Fiscellaria Lugubrosa ◽  
Hemlock Looper

PATHOGENICITY TESTS OF NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUSES INFECTING THE EASTERN HEMLOCK LOOPER, LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA FISCELLARIA (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 1534-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Rearing Temperature ◽  
Western Hemlock Looper ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Hemlock Looper

AbstractLarvae of the eastern hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (Guen.), are susceptible to a nuclear polyhedrosis virus as well as nuclear polyhedrosis viruses isolated from the western hemlock looper, L. f. lugubrosa (Hulst), and the western oak looper, L. f. somniaria (Hulst). The pathogenicity of these viruses was similar when tested on eastern hemlock looper larvae and it is suggested that the same virus infects the three subspecies. Resistance to the virus did not increase with age; second-, third-, and fourth-instar larvae were equally susceptible. The period from ingestion to death varied with concentration of virus and rearing temperature. Results of pathogenicity tests are given.

Laboratory Evaluation of DDT and Phosphamidon on the Western Hemlock Looper, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst)

1963 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Randall ◽  
C. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
High Order ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Spray Tower ◽  
Western Hemlock Looper ◽  
Lambdina Fiscellaria Lugubrosa ◽  
Hemlock Looper

AbstractSpray tower application of DDT in fuel oil at 0.2 lb. DDT/acre, proved to be highly toxic to the larvae of the western hemlock looper. Tolerance to DDT appeared to vary directly with larval age. Phosphamidon applied in aqueous solution to hemlock foliage showed a high order of contact and systemic toxicity to larvae placed on the treated foliage.

SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA SOMNIARIA (HULST) (GEOMETRIDAE) AND LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA LUGUBROSA (HULST) (GEOMETRIDAE) TO VIRUSES FROM SEVERAL SPECIES OF LEPIDOPTEROUS INSECTS

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oswald N. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Granulosis Virus ◽  
New Host ◽  
Tussock Moth ◽  
Orgyia Pseudotsugata ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Normal Shape ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Lambdina Fiscellaria Lugubrosa ◽  
Hemlock Looper

Fifteen nuclear-polyhedrosis viruses and one granulosis virus were tested against two closely related insects, the oak looper, Lambdina fiscellaria somniaria (Hulst), and the hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst). The polyhedrosis viruses from the two insects were highly infectious for each species of host. Viruses from the tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata McD., and the grey forest looper, Caripeta divisata Walker, were, respectively, highly and moderately infectious for the two subspecies. Viruses from five other insects including the California oakworm were poorly infectious for L. f. somniaria.All polyhedra retained their normal shape but nearly all increased in size when passed through the new hosts. All polyhedra (original and transferred) were easily stained with naphthol yellow S and with Buffalo black but only those from C. divisata were stained with Loeffler"s methylene blue. The length of the virus rods of viruses tested was not changed by passage through a new host but the width of three viruses increased.

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