THE CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF A REACTION PRODUCT OF CYSTEINE AND IRON IN EXPERIMENTAL TUBERCULOSIS

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman A. Hinton ◽  
J. Konowalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Experimental Tuberculosis ◽  
Cysteine Hydrochloride ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Activity ◽  
Ferric Ammonium ◽  
Colloidal Sulphur

An unusual form of colloidal sulphur is precipitated when dilute solutions of cysteine hydrochloride and ferric ammonium citrate are mixed and autoclaved. The intravenous injection of this relatively insoluble particulate material is associated with a retardation in the progress of tuberculosis in guinea pigs and rabbits, and a change in the histology of the tubercle to a more proliferative and less destructive form. A considerable therapeutic effect is seen when infected rabbits are treated with a combination of streptomycin and this form of colloidal sulphur.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTION OF A REACTION PRODUCT OF CYSTEINE AND IRON: III. IN VIVO ACTION ON PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTION IN MICE

1954 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Hinton ◽  
Jack Konowalchuk ◽  
G. B. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Intravenous Dose ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Antibacterial Action ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Complete Protection ◽  
Ferric Ammonium ◽  
Colloidal Sulphur

A colloidal sulphur preparation, formed by autoclaving a dilute solution of cysteine and ferric ammonium citrate, was shown to have no toxicity for mice after eleven 1-mgm. intravenous doses on alternate days. Single doses up to 2 mgm. subcutaneously were not toxic but larger doses by this route produced necrosis. A single 1-mgm. dose of the preparation given to mice intravenously afforded no protection against a lethal dose of Diplococcus pneumoniae Type III when given simultaneously. However, groups of mice given a 1-mgm. intravenous dose of the complex and challenged with a lethal dose of pneumococcus at intervals up to 168 hr. after the therapy show no protection for the first 24 hr. following the therapy, increasing protection from 24 to 78 hr., complete protection at 78 hr., and decreasing protection from 78 to 168 hr.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTION OF A REACTION PRODUCT OF CYSTEINE AND IRON: II. PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF THE SUBSTANCE

1954 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Konowalchuk ◽  
J. C. Clunie ◽  
N. A. Hinton ◽  
G. B. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
Ferric Ammonium ◽  
Similar Growth ◽  
Colloidal Sulphur ◽  
Inhibiting Property ◽  
Growth Inhibiting

It has been shown that when low concentrations of cysteine and ferric ammonium citrate or other ferric salts in distilled water, adjusted to faintly acid reaction, are repeatedly autoclaved, an insoluble granular precipitate forms. Chemical analysis of the precipitate indicates that it is sulphur. X-ray photographs of the precipitate and orthorhombic colloidal sulphur, while showing broadly similar patterns, possess significant differences which indicate that the precipitate has a lower symmetry or larger unit cell in its arrangement of sulphur atoms than has orthorhombic sulphur. This precipitate added to Dubos' medium in concentrations of 0.5 to 4 μgm. per ml. inhibits growth of M. tuberculosis. In a concentration of 10 μgm. per ml. growth of all of four other Gram positive species of bacteria and three of five Gram negative species was inhibited. Colloidal sulphur had a similar growth inhibiting property but larger concentrations were required than of the precipitate prepared from cysteine and iron.

scholarly journals A study on the aspects of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacohaemovigilance of ferrous ascorbate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous sulphate and ferric ammonium citrate, among the rural anaemic women, in the Indian spectrum

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2751
Author(s):  
Moumita Hazra
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferrous Fumarate ◽  
Ferrous Ascorbate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium

Background: Anaemia is a global health concern, associated with increased maternal and perinatal mortality, preterm delivery, low birth weight, extreme fatigue and impaired immune system; and controlled by oral haematinics; with a rise in haemoglobin concentration. The objective was to examine the various aspects of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacohaemovigilance of oral haematinics, among the anaemic women population, in rural India.Methods: This was a multi-centre, retrospective, observational and analytical study of the hospital medical records of 250 anaemic patients, who were allocated into group A of 125 patients within 15-21 years and group B of 125 patients within 22-35 years. The patients were prescribed oral haematinics, containing 60 mg of elemental iron, thrice daily, with meals. The various aspects of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacohaemovigilance of ferrous ascorbate, ferrous sulphate, ferrous fumarate and ferric ammonium citrate, including patients’ demographic characteristics, anaemic symptoms assessment, prescription patterns, and safety assessment, on 1st, 2nd, 3rd months and follow-up visits, were recorded and thoroughly analysed..Results: In groups A and B, the demographic characteristics of the patients were comparable; ferrous ascorbate was the most commonly prescribed oral haematinic, followed by ferrous sulphate, ferrous fumarate and ferric ammonium citrate, which controlled mild to moderate iron deficiency anaemia, with a gradual significant rise in haemoglobin concentration, in the successive 3 months; and adverse effects were observed to be statistically non-significant in either group.Conclusions: The different aspects of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacohaemovigilance in the study established that the oral haematinics were reasonably beneficial and safe among the anaemic women population, in rural India.

THE EFFECT OF CERTAIN ORAL AND INJECTABLE IRON PREPARATIONS ON THE BLOOD OF BABY PIGS

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Doornenbal
Keyword(s):  
Oral Iron ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Ferric Ammonium ◽  
Iron Sulphate

Haemoglobin levels, haematocrit values and erythrocyte counts were determined at weekly intervals from 3 to 45 days of age for 60 pigs which received iron in the form of: injectable iron-dextran (A); injectable iron-dextran (B); injectable ferric ammonium citrate; oral iron in the form of paste, or sods sprinkled with iron sulphate. The iron-dextran and ferric ammonium citrate compounds were administered at 3 days of age as single injections supplying 100 mgm. of iron and 30 mgm. of ferric ammonium citrate respectively. The paste was administered at 3, 10, 17 and 24 days of age. Sods were fed twice a week during the period of 3 days to 28 days of age.The sod treatment maintained normal blood values while the iron-dextran compounds and the paste resulted in values somewhat below normal, although visible evidence of anaemia was not apparent. Blood values for the group receiving ferric ammonium citrate were extremely low and two pigs on this treatment died at 42 and 60 days of age. Both exhibited severe anaemia.Significant differences were obtained in weaning weights. The heaviest pigs were those receiving sods; the lightest pigs those receiving injectable ferric ammonium citrate. The effect of the different treatments on growth was not apparent until after 21 days of age.

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