Behaviour of single and double 102 mm split ring conneotions loaded in tension

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. P. Quenneville ◽  
J. G. A. Charron
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
Design Standard ◽  
Design Philosophy ◽  
End Distance

Two experimental studies were undertaken to verify the effect of the end distance on the resistance of single connector joints using 102 mm split rings and the combined effects of timber connector end distance and spacing on the resistance of double connector joints using 102 mm split rings. A total of 108 test specimens were loaded to failure in tension. Sixty of those tests were single connector joints with end distances varying from 80 to 270 mm. The remaining 48 test specimens were double connector joints with split ring end distances varying from 100 to 270 mm and a spacing of either 125 or 230 mm. The single connector joints results showed an increase in connector resistance with the increasing end distance. However, it was shown that even though some specimens were tested at an end distance below the standard minimum required value (end distance of 80 mm instead of the minimum required of 135 mm), they resisted a significant load. For the double connector joints, it was observed that brittle failures are more common, as opposed to single connector joints which tend to fail showing signs of ductility. Also, results showed that the connection resistance is not a direct function of the number of fasteners and that a factor of 0.475 has to be applied. Results obtained suggested that the end distance does not have a statistically significant influence on the resistance of connections with connector spacing at either 230 or 125 mm. However, the spacing of the connectors appears to affect the resistance. Thus, the design philosophy of Clause 10.3.3 of the wood design standard is inadequate for these particular joints. Recommendations to determine connection resistances are provided. Key words: wood, fasteners, resistance, split ring, end distance, spacing.

Combined effects of end distance and spacing on the resistance of split ring connectors loaded in tension

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 789-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Charron ◽  
P. Quenneville
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Linear Relation ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Design Standard ◽  
Design Philosophy ◽  
End Distance

An experimental study was undertaken to verify the combined effects of timber connector end distance and spacing requirements of the Canadian standard for engineering design in wood. A total of 130 test specimens using 63 mm diameter split rings were loaded to failure in tension. The split ring end distance varied between 50 and 210 mm and the spacing varied between 80 and 200 mm. Results show that a linear relation exists between the connector end distance and its resistance for a given spacing. Increase in spacing also results in an increase of the connector resistance for a given end distance. Also, connections with two connectors in a row can resist significant loads even if the end distance or spacing of one connector is below the standard minimum required value. Thus, the design philosophy of Clause 10.3.3 of the wood design standard is inadequate for these joints. Key words: split ring, tension, end distance, spacing, resistance, timber.

Erosion Experiment of Self-Excited Oscillation Pulsed Jet

2014 ◽  
Vol 937 ◽  
pp. 614-619
Author(s):  
Chuan Lin Tang ◽  
Jie Pei ◽  
Dong Hu ◽  
Xiao Ting He
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Cavity Length ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Self ◽  
Erosion Depth ◽  
Pulsed Jet ◽  
Excited Oscillation ◽  
Erosion Effect ◽  
Erosion Volume ◽  
Peak Value

In order to improve the erosion effect of jet under submergence condition, experimental studies of erosion generated from the self-excited pulsed jet was carried out by using developed self-excited oscillation nozzle. The erosion volume and depth of pulsed jet were measured and taking mortar block as an erosion part. The results were that the standoff has significant influence on erosion effect. The erosion volume firstly decreases with increases in cavity length and then increases to a peak value. Erosion volume of pulsed jet is significantly higher than that of continuous jet, the erosion depth of two jet has slight difference.

Results of an experimental study of hydrogel drainage containing ranibizumab in antiglaucoma operations

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
I.I. Khusnitdinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Glaucoma Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Studies

Purpose. Еxperimental substantiation of the effectiveness of biocompatible biodegradable hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid and chitosan succinate as a carrier of ranibizumab in antiglaucoma operations. Material and methods. Hydrogel drainage (HD) was obtained immediately before surgery. A solution of ranibizumab (0.23 ml) was mixed with a solution of hyaluronic acid dialdehyde (0.5 ml), then a solution of chitosan succinate (0.5 ml) was added. Experimental studies were performed in 12 (12 eyes) healthy rabbits. The first group consisted of 6 eyes – 0.187 ml of ranibizumab per 1 ml of gel. In the control group, HD was used intraoperatively without the addition of ranibizumab (6 eyes). Morphological studies were performed on 7th, 21st, and 42nd days. Results. In experimental studies in vitro and in vivo, it was proved that ranibizumab, administered as a part of 0.1 ml of hydrogel drainage in the antiglaucoma surgery area is released within 3 weeks and suppresses vascularization, scarring of the operating area, and preserves the intrascleral cavity. The optimal concentration of ranibizumab was selected-0.02 ml in 0.1 ml of gel. Conclusion. The safety and effectiveness of the use of hydrogel drainage with ranibizumab based on hyaluronic acid dialdehyde and chitosan succinate in anti-glaucoma operations has been proven. Key words: experimental research, hydrogel drainage, ranibizumab, glaucoma surgery.

Deaf and Hard-of-hearing Users Evaluating Designs for Highlighting Key Words in Educational Lecture Videos

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Sushant Kafle ◽  
Becca Dingman ◽  
Matt Huenerfauth
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Educational Video ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Educational Videos

There are style guidelines for authors who highlight important words in static text, e.g., bolded words in student textbooks, yet little research has investigated highlighting in dynamic texts, e.g., captions during educational videos for Deaf or Hard of Hearing (DHH) users. In our experimental study, DHH participants subjectively compared design parameters for caption highlighting, including: decoration (underlining vs. italicizing vs. boldfacing), granularity (sentence level vs. word level), and whether to highlight only the first occurrence of a repeating keyword. In partial contrast to recommendations in prior research, which had not been based on experimental studies with DHH users, we found that DHH participants preferred boldface, word-level highlighting in captions. Our empirical results provide guidance for the design of keyword highlighting during captioned videos for DHH users, especially in educational video genres.

Monitoring of Polymer Plastication in the Injection Moulding Process

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuy Linh Pham ◽  
Jean Balcaen ◽  
Sambor Chhay ◽  
Yves Bereaux ◽  
Jean-Yves Charmeau
Keyword(s):  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Optical Glass ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Rotation Frequency ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
Mechanical Dissipation

In injection moulding or in extrusion, plastication is the step during which polymer pellets are melted by the means of mechanical dissipation provided by a rotating screw and by thermal conduction coming from a heated metallic barrel. This step is crucial for melt thermal homogeneity, charge dispersion and fibre length preservation. Although there have been a large number of theoretical and experimental studies of plastication during the past decades, mostly on extrusion and mostly using the screw extraction technique, extremely few of them have dealt with trying to visualise plastication, let alone measuring the plastication profile in real-time. As a matter of fact, designing such an equipment is an arduous task. We designed an industry-sized metallic barrel, featuring 3 optical glass windows; each window possessing 3 plane faces itself to allow for visualisation and record by synchronised cameras and lightening by lasers. The images recorded can be further analysed by digital image processing. Preliminary results confirm the plastication theory and show a compacted solid bed and a melt pool side by side. The total plastication length is a direct function of screw rotation frequency as it is obvious from results on the melt pool width, which increases when the screw rotation frequency decreases. However, some evidence of solid bed breakage has been recorded, whereby the solid bed does not diminish continuously along the screw but is fractured in the compression zone.

Calculation of the fire resistance of steel hollow structural section columns filled with plain concrete

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. T. Lie ◽  
D. C. Stringer
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Building Codes ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Hollow Structural Section ◽  
Hollow Structural Sections

Experimental studies were conducted to determine the fire resistance of circular and square hollow structural section columns filled with plain concrete. Mathematical models were developed and used to investigate the influence of important parameters that determine the fire resistance of these columns. The experimental and parametric studies provide information for the development of formulas for the calculation of the fire resistance of circular and square concentrically loaded columns filled with plain carbonate or siliceous aggregate concrete. Such formulas are suitable for incorporation into building codes. Key words: calculation, fire resistance, columns, concrete-filled, steel, hollow structural sections.

The enhanced performance of split-ring connections through prestressing

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 830-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. P. Quenneville ◽  
K. Van Dalen
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Lap Splices

This paper examines the concept of enhancing the performance of timber connectors in truss joints by the introduction of transverse prestressing. The behaviour of lap splices of Douglas fir, with 63 mm split-ring connectors and end distances of 50, 100, 150, and 210 mm, was examined for various levels of prestress in a laboratory study. As well, the magnitude of the load that can be carried by the connection through friction between faying surfaces was also assessed for various levels of prestress. The simple technique used in the laboratory for introducing prestress is described. Results of the laboratory tests on 20 joint configurations are presented, and the experimentally determined strengths are compared with the calculated resistances using the provisions of CAN\CSA-086.1-M89 "Engineering design in wood (limit states design)." Key words: timber, connector, prestress, truss joint.

Pembentukan Diafragma Beralun Silikon Dengan Menggunakan Teknik Punaran Anisotropik

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhayati Soin ◽  
Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Anisotropic Etching ◽  
Etching Technique ◽  
Convex Corner ◽  
Mask Design ◽  
Etching Mask ◽  
Corrugated Diaphragm

Kertas ini memaparkan kajian mengenai pembentukan diafragma beralun silikon dengan menggunakan teknik punaran anisotropik di mana larutan kalium hidroksida digunakan sebagai larutan pemunar. Kajian ini meliputi pengoptimuman topeng punaran bagi mengatasi masalah keadaan potong bawah penjuru yang berlaku pada struktur berpenjuru cembung diafragma beralun yang terpunar. Hasil yang diperolehi daripada kajian simulasi dan eksperimen membuktikan bahawa pengoptimuman topeng punaran yang telah dilakukan berkemampuan mengatasi masalah potong bawah penjuru diafragma beralun silikon. Kata kunci: diafragma beralun, punaran anisotropik, pengoptimuman topeng This paper presents the study of the formation of a perfect silicon corrugated diaphragm using anisotropic etching technique. Potassim hydroxide (KOH) solution is used as the etching solvent in this study. This study includes optimization of the etching mask, in order to avoid the problem of corner undercutting which exists on all convex corner structures on the etched corrugated diaphragm. Results from the simulation and experimental studies have proved that the optimized etching mask design was able to overcome the problem of convex corner undercutting. Key words: corrugated diaphragm, anisotropic etching, mask optimization

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ENGLISH SONG TOWARD STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY AND STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Eva Faliyanti
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
English Education ◽  
T Test ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Education Study ◽  
Academic Year

Learning vocabulary is the important aspect for the students when they are studying English. The students need fresh method to make them enjoy in learning process. The teacher should be able to deliver the material well. Using media appropriately is also needed for teachers. The objectives of this research are to know whether English song can improve the students’ vocabulary at the second semester of English education study program in University of Muhammadiyah Metro, to reveal whether English song English song influence the students’ motivation at the second semester of English education study program in learning process, to portray how much English song influence the students’ vocabulary mastery and students’ motivation at the second semester of English education study program in academic year 2015/2016The population in this research is 40 students. It is consist 2 classes and each class consists of 20 students..The result of the data analysis proved that the value of t-test (tobs is 8,742 and ttable is 2,021). It means that tobs is higher than ttable(8,742>2,021). Based on the criteria for testing hypothesis was if the value of t obtained is higher than t table at significant level 0,05 the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and hypothesis alternative (HI) is accepted. After viewing the result of One Sample t-test, the writer came to conclusion that “there was significant Influence of English Song Toward Students’ Vocabulary Mastery and students’ motivation at the second semester of English education Study Program in the Muhammadiyah University of Metro Academic Year 2015/2016”. Key words: English song, Students’ Motivation, Vocabulary Mastery.

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