Evaluating truck weight regulatory policies

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Fekpe
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Weight Distributions ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Truck Weight

An improved methodology for evaluating infrastructure impacts and trucking productivity of different truck types operating under alternative truck weight limits and enforcement strategies is presented. The procedure accounts for the effects of enforcement on weight distributions in an objective manner allowing the consequences of adopting alternative weight control schedules to be determined. The methodology resolves some major uncertainties surrounding pertinent input variables required in evaluating truck weight regulatory policies. Key words: weight limit, enforcement, evaluation, pavement loading, payloads.

Truck weights as a function of regulatory limits

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Clayton ◽  
R. Plett
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Vehicle Weight ◽  
Regulatory Limits ◽  
Weight Distributions ◽  
Gross Vehicle Weight ◽  
Important Input ◽  
Truck Weight

Models are developed for the gross vehicle weight and axle weight distributions of laden trucks as a function of governing weight limits. The models are based on truck weight surveys conducted in Manitoba between 1972 and 1986, a period of changing weight limits. They are developed for 2-axle trucks, 3-axle trucks, 5-axle (3-S2) tractor-semitrailers, 7-axle (3-S2-2) A-trains, and 7-axle (3-S2-S2) B-trains. The models can provide important input to the analysis of pavement loadings (and costs), given particular weight limits or changes in weight limits. They can also provide useful input to estimates of the relative benefits of alternative weight limit regimes. Key words: truck weights, weight limits.

scholarly journals Optimal Battery Sizing for Electric Truck Delivery

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donkyu Baek ◽  
Yukai Chen ◽  
Naehyuck Chang ◽  
Enrico Macii ◽  
Massimo Poncino
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Battery Model ◽  
Weight Distributions ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Truck Weight

Finding the cost-optimal battery size in the context of parcel delivery with Electric Vehicles (EVs) requires solving a tradeoff between using the largest possible battery (so as to maximize the number of deliveries over a given time) and the relative costs (initial investment plus the unnecessary increase of the truck weight during delivery). In this paper, we propose a framework for the optimal battery sizing for parcel delivery with an electric truck; we implement an electric truck simulator including a nonlinear battery model to evaluate revenue, battery cost, charging cost, and overall profit for annual delivery. Our framework finds the cost-optimal battery size for different parcel weight distributions and customer location distributions. We analyze the effect of battery sizing on the profit, which is up to 56%.

Titanium pyridyl-phosphinimide complexes — Synthesis, structure, and ethylene polymerization catalysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 755-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Beddie ◽  
Pingrong Wei ◽  
Douglas W Stephan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Ethylene Polymerization ◽  
Olefin Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Catalysts ◽  
Pyridyl Group ◽  
Molecular Weight Distributions ◽  
Polymerization Catalysis ◽  
Weight Distributions

A series of Ti–pyridyl-phosphinimide complexes of the form Cp′TiX2[NPR2(2-CH2Py)] (Cp′ = Cp, Cp*, R = i-Pr, t-Bu, X = Cl, Me) have been prepared and characterized. These complexes generate ethylene polymerization catalysts upon activation with MAO or B(C6F5)3. The resulting polymers exhibit broad molecular weight distributions. The role of the pyridyl group is discussed in light of stoichiometric reactions of CpTiCl2[NPR2(2-CH2Py)] with B(C6F5)3.Key words: phosphinimide complexes, pyridyl-phosphinimides, olefin polymerization.

How to Maintain a Healthy Body Weight

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Healthy Body Weight ◽  
Healthy Body

The epidemic of both obesity and type 2 diabetes is due to environmental factors, but the individuals developing the conditions possess a strong genetic predisposition. Observational surveys and intervention studies have shown that excess body fatness is the major environmental cause of type 2 diabetes, and that even a minor weight loss can prevent its development in high-risk subjects. Maintenance of a healthy body weight in susceptible individuals requires 45–60 minutes physical activity daily, a fat-reduced diet with plenty of fruit, vegetables, whole grain, and lean meat and dairy products, and moderate consumption of calorie containing beverages. The use of table values to predict the glycemic index of meals is of little – if any – value, and the role of a low-glycemic index diet for body weight control is controversial. The replacement of starchy carbohydrates with protein from lean meat and lean dairy products enhances satiety, and facilitate weight control. It is possible that dairy calcium also promotes weight loss, although the mechanism of action remains unclear. A weight loss of 5–10% can be induced in almost all obese patients providing treatment is offered by a professional team consisting of a physician and dieticians or nurses trained to focus on weight loss and maintenance. Whereas increasing daily physical activity and regular exercise does not significantly effect the rate of weight loss in the induction phase, it plays an important role in the weight maintenance phase due to an impact on daily energy expenditure and also to a direct enhancement of insulin sensitivity.

Responses to Two Weight-loss Programs Based on Approximating the Diet to the Ideal: Differences Associated with Increased Cereal or Vegetable Consumption

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ortega ◽  
Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽  
Aparicio ◽  
Marín-Arias ◽  
López-Sobaler
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Weight Loss Programs ◽  
Spanish Women ◽  
The Ideal

The fight against excess weight and obesity is a health priority. The aim of this study was to analyze the anthropometric changes induced by two weight control programs based on approximating the diet to the theoretical ideal (increasing the consumption of foods with the largest differences between the recommended and observed intakes: cereals and vegetables – for which a minimum of 6 and 3 servings/day are recommended, respectively). The study subjects were 57 Spanish women with a body-mass index (BMI) of 24–35 kg/m², all of whom were randomly assigned to one of two slightly hypocaloric diets for a six-week period: diet V, in which the consumption of greens and vegetables was increased, or diet C, in which the consumption of cereals was increased. Dietetic and anthropometric data were collected at the start of the study and again at two and six weeks. The dietary intervention approximated the subjects’ energy provision from proteins, fats, and carbohydrates to those recommended. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) improved with both diets. Reductions in body weight, BMI, and the amount of body fat (kg) were also achieved with both diets. Weight loss was 1.56 ± 0.93 kg and 1.02 ± 0.55 kg at two weeks with diet C and V respectively, and 2.8 ± 1.4 kg and 2.0 ± 1.3 kg at six weeks (p < 0.05). Approximating the diet to the theoretical ideal by increasing the consumption of vegetables or cereals may therefore be of use in weight control. In terms of weight loss and the improvement of the diet quality (energy profile and HEI), diet C was significantly more effective than diet V.

Overweight Adolescents More Likely to Engage in Risky Weight Control Behaviors

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Boutelle ◽  
D. Neumark-Sztainer ◽  
M. Story ◽  
M. Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Weight Control ◽  
Weight Control Behaviors ◽  
Overweight Adolescents
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