Les digues fusibles, un élément de sécurité additionnelle dans un aménagement hydro-électrique

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-575
Author(s):  
C. Marche ◽  
J. Gagnon ◽  
T. T. Quach
Keyword(s):  
Dam Failure ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Capacity Design ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Hydroelectric Developments ◽  
The Many ◽  
Alternative Solutions

A lot of existing hydroelectric developments do not meet current spillway capacity design standards. Statistics compiled indicate this is one of the main causes of dam failure. It is not, however, necessary to continually increase discharge capacity to maintain an acceptable risk level at a given development. In hydroelectric systems with large reservoirs, the very design of the many structures controlling the reservoirs and the introduction of the concept of fuse-plug spillways offer attractive alternative solutions. The digital tools required for a real impact and risk analysis were developed. This paper describes their use in a preliminary study of the La Grande 3 reservoir in Quebec. Key words: dams, safety, failure flow.[Journal translation]

Variable actual stiffness of guides in potash mine shafts

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
V. S. Pestrikova ◽  
A. D. Yarushin ◽  
V. V. Tarasov ◽  
D. N. Shkuratskiy
Keyword(s):  
Variable Stiffness ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
Reinforcement System ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Many ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Potash Mine

The article addresses serviceability of reinforcement in vertical mine shafts. The mathematical framework is presented for the dynamic processes in the capsule–reinforcement system. The main causes of the dynamic loads in the capsule–reinforcement system are discussed. The importance of the processes in the capsule–reinforcement system during movement of hoists in vertical mine shafts is emphasized. It is asserted that solely computational methods are not enough to analyze processes inside the capsule–reinforcement systems in shafts. It is required to examine actual parameters of shaft reinforcement, in particular, the actual stiffness of shaft guides. The actual measurement procedure of guide stiffness in potash mine shafts is presented. The full-scale tests data are set out in connection with the actual step of reinforcement in shafts. The actual and calculated values of stiffness of shaft guides are compared. Based on the obtained results, the variable stiffness coefficient is derived for the shaft guide stiffness for a few alternative of reinforcement step. Considering the described research findings and the many years-long experience gained in operation of mine shafts, the authors have drawn a conclusion on the necessity to take into account the factor of variable stiffness of guides in shaft design and construction in potash mines in the Upper Kama Potash–Magnesium Salt Deposit, especially in case when the shaft reinforcement step exceeds the project design standards.

scholarly journals Analisis Postur Kerja dengan RULA Guna Penilaian Tingkat Risiko Upper Extremity Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders. Studi Kasus PT. Mandiri Jogja Internasional

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Titin Isna Oesman ◽  
Era Irawan ◽  
Petrus Wisnubroto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Level ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Arm Pain ◽  
Work Posture ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Questionnaire Research ◽  
Very High

Leather handycraft industry produces handicrafts such as bags, shoes, wallets, belts.  On production process atcutting division, work posture condition is too bent. A preliminary study on 20 workers found musculoskeletal complaints was greater than 50% at 16 items, mostly in upper limbs. Based on these complaints, research was on work posture using RULA and Sympton Questionnaire.  Research purposes was to determine the risk level and relationship with UEWMSDs on the worker. The result of RULA found that work posture with RULA score was 7 (seven) that means 3 (three) risk level that very high category, and needs to be repaired as soon as possible. Symptom Questionnaire answer related to worker's complaint, which are complaints of shoulder and arm pain was 50%, pain after work 1-4 years was 85%, duration of illness <1 hour was 85%, move to another part due to illness was 55%, pain increase when the activity was 100%, and pain reduce at rest was 90%. Base on the condition, it was needed to redesigned cutting table evaluated by RULA category 3 (three) based on anthropometry of workers

scholarly journals Industry Best Practice Risk based design for LPG Facility: Gap in Bangladesh practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Kamrul Islam ◽  
Sharmin Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Safety Distance ◽  
Safety Regulations

Bangladesh safety regulations and practice is at nascent stage. Safety distance regulation for LPG installation does not match with prescriptive standard API 2510 or other international standards. No detail technical basis is available publicly for such decision making by authority. The present study focuses on risk based design best practice in industries and gap in Bangladesh safety regulations. World LPG industry faces major accidents with fatalities and huge damages. Setting up bigger safety distance with conventional firefighting equipment is not the only mitigation measures to solve complex safety issues of LPG facilities. These two parameters do not ensure whether facility risk is tolerable and ALARP. Apart from this, safety distance and protection system design varies with facility layout, wind flows, systems reliability and site ambient conditions. For accident cases, hazards consequence modeling is carried out to calculate safety distances. Industry best practice is to apply risk based design that quantify complex risk level of a facility, propose mitigation measures and thereby risk acceptance criteria in the early phase of the project for authority approval. Many countries follow such detail regulation. Regulations of API, ISO, HSE UK and NORSOK, petroleum authority Norway have been utilized as basic standards in this paper. Gap in Bangladesh safety regulations are identified. This need to be further assessed based on industry best practice risk based design standards and practices. Without appropriate regulation, Bangladesh LPG industry and society remains in enormous intolerable personnel, environmental and economic risk.Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2017: 8-11

Health Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in a Shallow Freshwater Lake, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 871-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Guo ◽  
Yao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Potential Health Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) including Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) in surface water of Lake Baiyangdian were determined to assess the potential health risk when using as drinking water for children and adults. The concentration of HCHs and DDTs in surface water were in the range of 2.74-11.50 ng L-1 and 3.48-16.88 ng L-1, respectively. Compared with similar results reported around the world, the level of OCPs in this study was in the mid-range. The analysis of health risk indicated that risks from OCPs in most part of the lake would not be risky to human health according to the acceptable risk level, while carcinogenic effects caused by α-HCH might occur if drinking water from Nanliuzhuang (NLZ) and Laowangdian (SCD). α-HCH and β-HCH were the dominating factors for carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, respectively. Risks of OCPs for children were much higher than those caused by OCPs for adults.

On the Analysis and Design of Steel Structure to Mitigate Progressive Collapse

2011 ◽  
Vol 378-379 ◽  
pp. 775-779
Author(s):  
M. Mirtahery ◽  
Zoghi M. Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Element Removal

Since Ronan Point tower local collapse in UK in 1968, progressive collapse phenomenon in structures attracted more attention for civil engineers all over the world so there were no useful researches and manual codes related to progressive collapse designing before. Progressive collapse occurs when loading pattern, boundary condition and resisting path changed, so critical elements undergo excessive unpredicted loading. We cannot omit reason of collapse as well as prevention of distribution of it that cause progressive collapse. Also, we cannot predict exact location of collapse beginning, so we should generalized design guides to whole or part of structures elements based on risk analyzing. Also we can use load carrying element removal scenario for critical elements. To prevent progressive collapse, structural systems require to having a well-distributed, redundant lateral load resisting system and ductile connections capable of undergoing large inelastic rotations without failing. There are some new guides and criteria for elements and connections to be designed to resist progressive collapse. Depends on required accuracy, importance of the buildings and acceptable risk level, the analysis methodologies ranged from linear to nonlinear with static and dynamic approaches. In this paper, codes and researches recommendations to resist progressive collapse for steel structures are presented, classified and compared. Also, applicable design methods based on codes and some retrofitting methods are summarized.

scholarly journals Exploring the Barriers and Driving Factors in Implementing Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the Malaysian Construction Industry: A Preliminary Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahrizan Zakari ◽  
Nasly Mohamed Ali Ali ◽  
Ahmad Tarmizi Haron ◽  
Amanda Marshall Ponting ◽  
Zuhairi Abd. Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Many

In Malaysia, Building Information Modelling (BIM) has recently gained attraction from construction players and some of them have applied it to several projects. By utilising the BIM process, the construction players have the opportunity to plan, coordinate and design in an integrated approach. This is one of the many benefits that they could gain and resulting in increased productivity. Despite these benefits, the implementation of BIM in the Malaysian construction industry is still lagging behind Singapore, for instance. Thus, it warrants a study such as the present to determine what are the actual barriers that hamper its implementation and what are the driving factors that could enhance its pace of implementation in the Malaysian construction industry. In this study, a questionnaire survey based on Convenience Sampling Method was carried out to gather the possible barriers and driving factors for BIM implementation among the Malaysian construction players. Additionally, Relative Importance Indices (RII) were used to analyse the data obtained and to identify those barriers and driving factors for the implementation of BIM in this country. Consequently, results of this study revealed that the main barriers for implementing the BIM are: 1) Lack of knowledge about BIM, 2) Reluctance and/or no insistence shown by the Malaysian construction industry players (Clients, Contractors and Consultants alike) on the use or implementation of BIM. The driving factors, on the other hand, that could lead to the speeding up of the implementation of BIM are: 1) Support and enforcing the implementation of BIM by the Government, 2) promote BIM training program and 3) Initiatives of senior management of the related industry players. In conclusion, for successful wide spread application of BIM in Malaysia, a good push from the government alone is far from enough. All other construction industry players mentioned must assume their roles well in promoting the use of BIM in their construction projects.

scholarly journals Morbidity, mortality, and categorization of the risk of perioperative complications in lung cancer patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Stanzani ◽  
Denise de Moraes Paisani ◽  
Anderson de Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo Caetano de Souza ◽  
Joao Alessio Juliano Perfeito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Historical Cohort

OBJECTIVE: To determine morbidity and mortality rates by risk category in accordance with the American College of Chest Physicians guidelines, to determine what role pulmonary function tests play in this categorization process, and to identify risk factors for perioperative complications (PCs). METHODS: This was a historical cohort study based on preoperative and postoperative data collected for cases of lung cancer diagnosed or suspected between 2001 and 2010. RESULTS: Of the 239 patients evaluated, only 13 (5.4%) were classified as being at high risk of PCs. Predicted postoperative FEV1 (FEV1ppo) was sufficient to define the risk level in 156 patients (65.3%); however, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was necessary for identifying those at high risk. Lung resection was performed in 145 patients. Overall morbidity and mortality rates were similar to those reported in other studies. However, morbidity and mortality rates for patients at an acceptable risk of PCs were 31.6% and 4.3%, respectively, whereas those for patients at high risk were 83.3% and 33.3%. Advanced age, COPD, lobe resection, and lower FEV1ppo were correlated with PCs. CONCLUSIONS: Although spirometry was sufficient for risk assessment in the majority of the population studied, CPET played a key role in the identification of high-risk patients, among whom the mortality rate was seven times higher than was that observed for those at an acceptable risk of PCs. The risk factors related to PCs coincided with those reported in previous studies.

scholarly journals Dentistry during the COVID-19 Epidemic: An Italian Workflow for the Management of Dental Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Peditto ◽  
Simone Scapellato ◽  
Antonia Marcianò ◽  
Paola Costa ◽  
Giacomo Oteri
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
The Many ◽  
The University

The COVID-19 outbreak has raised concerns about infection control all over the world. Among health workers, dentists are particularly exposed to the COVID-19 infection risk. The aim of this paper is to present a workflow to manage dental procedures already in use at the Dental Unit of the University Hospital of Messina. The proposed workflow accounts for the many aspects of dental practitioners’ risk in the COVID-19 era, and focuses on the assessment of patient risk level, a two-phase dental procedure management (remote and face-to-face), and the use of specific preventive measures. No cases of COVID-19 infection were detected among patients and staff of the dental unit in a two-month period of time while using this protocol. This workflow seems a promising and effective solution to manage dental procedures during the COVID-19 outbreak, and could be implemented in both public and private practices until the emergency is contained.

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