Selection of design flood frequencies for hydraulic structures

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-586
Author(s):  
C. D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Hydraulic Structure ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
The Past ◽  
Design Discharge ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

The first step required in the design sequence for a hydraulic structure is selection of the design discharge. The size and cost of the structure will be directly related to the magnitude of this value. If the selected discharge is too large, the structure will be uneconomic; if it is too small, it will be unsafe. The optimum design corresponds to the point where the cost of the structure and the cost of exceeding the design discharge is a minimum. Ideally, the optimizing process should be carried out for each structure. For practical reasons it is not always possible to do this. In such cases, design flood frequencies are used which have apparently been satisfactory for similar structures in the past. Some typical flood frequency values for various structures are given in this paper, along with the rationale for differences in values for different kinds of structures. Key words: design floods, frequency, economics, hydraulic structures.

scholarly journals Construction, operation, and maintenance of rubber dams

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Q Zhang ◽  
P W.M Tam ◽  
W Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hydraulic Structure ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
The Past ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Rubber Dams

Rubber dams are inflatable and deflatable hydraulic structures. Thousands of rubber dams have been installed worldwide for various purposes: irrigation, water supply, power generation, tidal barrier, flood control, environmental improvement, and recreation. Furthermore, rubber dams have been used in cold areas where the temperature is as low as – 40°C. The simplicity and flexibility of the rubber dam structure and its proven reliability are key considerations in its wide scope of applications. Based on the management practices of 20 rubber dams in Hong Kong in the past 35 years, interviews with rubber dam experts and practitioners, and the investigation to the construction of a recent rubber dam, this paper provides a detailed discussion on various issues related to the construction, operation, maintenance, and repair of rubber dams.Key words: construction, hydraulic structure, maintenance, operation, repair, rubber dam.

Innovative sustainable methodology for managing in-house software development in SMEs

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 1085-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Tarhini ◽  
Manal Yunis ◽  
Abdul-Nasser El-Kassar
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Development Process ◽  
System Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agile Methodology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Database Technology ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an innovative agile methodology that proposes fundamental changes in managing the development of in-house information systems in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and benchmarks it with one of two database technologies enabling these systems to be both efficient and competitive. Design/methodology/approach The objectives are achieved by presenting an elaborated design of the agile methodology that manages the system development process by addressing three basic components: roles played by system players, process needed to fulfill the system development, and artifacts to document the project. A case study is conducted as a proof of the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and measures whether the selection of the database technology affects the effectiveness of the system development process. Findings Results show that, compared with traditional methodologies, the proposed methodology reduced the cost of system development and testing by 30 percent and enhanced the IT – business alliance. Further, this work found that the selection of a suitable database technology is strongly related to the complexity and interrelationships between the data used. Originality/value Such research did not receive the needed attention (Hunter, 2004) even in the past decade. Successful adoption of IT by companies could be in the form of customized IS which could be expensive for SMEs to adopt due to a lack in technical expertise and financial resources. The proposed methodology has the potential to promote sustainable development through helping SMEs in reducing the time and cost of IT project development.

APS and HVOF Coatings Alternative to Hard Chromium, A Tribological Approach

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duhamel J.P. ◽  
Chen Y.M. ◽  
J. Reby ◽  
M. Nestler
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Thermal Spraying ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Cost Advantage ◽  
Spray Coatings ◽  
Hvof Coatings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chromium Plating ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The use of thermal spraying processes as an alternative to industrial chromium plating has significantly increased in the past years. Advanced processes, such as APS and HVOF, have proven their efficiency with thick coating in chromium plating replacement, with cost advantage for coatings thicker than 5/10 mm. This article is the synthesis of different trials made with plasma and HVOF coatings. It includes the selection of materials for trial; a description of trial's equipment; friction and wear results; properties and metallography; and the cost comparison of plasma spraying and HVOF with other processes. It has been shown that thermal spray coatings, both APS and HVOF, can be used as chromium plating alternatives, with advantages in terms of wear resistance.

Use of Akaike information criterion for selection of flood frequency distribution

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Ander Chow ◽  
W. Edgar Watt
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Flood Frequency Analysis ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Tests ◽  
Single Station ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

When conducting a conventional single-station flood frequency analysis, an appropriate distribution must be selected. Typically, sample statistics, probability plots, goodness-of-fit tests, etc. are used to facilitate the decision process. For the predominate case of a relatively short record length of flood series, this standard approach leads to undue emphasis on goodness of fit and virtually no consideration of the uncertainty due to additional parameters. The information criterion suggested by Akaike (AIC) is a measure to evaluate the "benefit" of goodness of fit and the "cost" of parameter uncertainty. The criterion is tested for 42 long-term hydrometric stations across Canada and its applicability and limitations are demonstrated in eight samples. The AIC is recommended as an aid in selecting a flood frequency distribution. Key words: flood frequency, goodness of fit, single station, information criterion.

Integrated FAHP-VIKOR model for green supplier selection in a Nickle coating SME

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Sanatan Ratna ◽  
B Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Supplier Evaluation ◽  
Green Supplier Selection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Coating Industry ◽  
Sustainability Issue ◽  
Selection Of

In the past few decades, there has been lot of focus on the issue of sustainability. This has occurred due to the growing concerns related to climate change and the growing awareness about environmental concerns. Also, the competition at global level has led to the search for the most sustainable route in the industries. The current research work deals with the selection of green supplier in a Nickle coating industry based on certain weighted green attributes. For this purpose, a hybrid tool comprising of Fuzzy AHP (Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy) and VIKOR (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) is used. The Fuzzy AHP is used for assigning proper weights to the selected criteria for supplier evaluation, while VIKOR is used for final supplier selection based on the weighted criteria. The three criterions for green supplier selection are, Ecological packaging, Corporate socio-environmental responsibility and Staff Training. The outcome of the integrated model may serve as a steppingstone to other SMEs in different sectors for selecting the most suitable supplier for addressing the sustainability issue.

Measuring the cost of environmental compliance for Waikato dairy farmers - a survey approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
T.O.R. Macdonald ◽  
J.S. Rowarth ◽  
F.G. Scrimgeour
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Environmental Compliance ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Farm Systems ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Farm System ◽  
Survey Approach

The link between dairy farm systems and cost of environmental compliance is not always clear. A survey of Waikato dairy farmers was conducted to establish the real (non-modelled) cost of compliance with environmental regulation in the region. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered to improve understanding of compliance costs and implementation issues for a range of Waikato farm systems. The average oneoff capital cost of compliance determined through a survey approach was $1.02 per kg milksolids, $1490 per hectare and $403 per cow. Costs experienced by Waikato farmers have exceeded average economic farm surplus for the region in the past 5 years. As regulation increases there are efficiencies to be gained through implementing farm infrastructure and farm management practice to best match farm system intensity. Keywords: Dairy, compliance, farm systems, nitrogen, Waikato

La olla, la fuente y el plato. Distintas maneras de compartir en Argentina

STUDIUM ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 189-208
Author(s):  
Patricia Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Income Share ◽  
The Past ◽  
Palabras Clave

El siguiente artículo ejemplifica con tres elementos del servicio de mesa (la olla, la fuente y el plato) las formas características en que se despliega la comensalidad en diferentes sectores de ingresos, sexos y edades, en Argentina. Diferencia las prácticas, los actores y los sentidos ligados al repartir y al compartir, en cada sector, señalando que el reparto es una obligación ligada a las jerarquías mientras que compartir es una elección libre y afectuosa basada en la amistad y la confianza de la cual se espera reciprocidad. Se señala que tal como muestran el asado y el mate en el pasado, se puede compartir tanto con el alimento más prestigioso (la carne asada) como sin comida: en la ronda del mate. Palabras clave: Comensalidad, ingresos, compartir, repartir, representaciones   Abstract Through the pot, the platter and the dish —three objects used at meal times— this article exemplifies typical ways of commensality in Argentina, among groups whose income, sex, and age differ. The article points to the differences between practices, actors, and senses involved in distributing and sharing in each sector. It shows that distribution is an obligation related to hierarchy, whereas sharing is a free, loving decision based on trust and friendship and that reciprocity is expected. As shown by asado and mate in the past, it is possible to share regardless of what is being shared. In the example, asado stands for prestigious meat done on a charcoal grill, whereas the mate circle is not about food. Key words: commensality, income, share, distribute, representations

METHODS OF FORECAST CALCULATION OF GROUND WATER BACKWATER IN THE ZONE OF HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES INFLUENCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
N.P. KARPENKO ◽  
◽  
M.A. SHIRYAEVA
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Hydraulic Structure ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Software Model ◽  
Computational Program ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
Zone Of Influence

The purpose of the work is to consider methods for calculating the forecast of groundwater backwater in the zone of influence of hydraulic structures. The analysis of analytical dependences of calculation of the forecast of groundwater backwater for various calculation schemes is carried out. For a homogeneous scheme of the geofiltration structure, a numerical model is proposed and a computational program for calculating the groundwater backwater is developed. It allows calculating the groundwater backwater from the channel at any time in the discrete mode. To simplify the solution of the problem of calculating the groundwater backwater, a computer program was created in the programming language Phyton Version 8.3 which quickly solves this hydrogeological problem. A possible range of geofiltration parameters is proposed for calculating the groundwater backwater near main channels. The adaptation and implementation of the software model was carried out for a specific object – the Bolshoy Stavropol channel-5, for which forecast calculations were made. The results of predictive calculations of groundwater backwater are the basis for the assessment of areas of possible flooding – the territory within which the level of ground water increases as a result of their backup by a hydraulic structure.

The Effect of Cutoffs on the Uplift Pressure Beneath the Hydraulic Structures Floor

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Faisal Al Tabatabaie ◽  
Dhabia Sabeeh Al Waily
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Hydraulic Structure ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Outer Face ◽  
Analogue Model ◽  
Electrical Analogue ◽  
Uplift Pressure ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Critical Sections

The use of cutoffs underneath the hydraulic structures is considered a safe solution to ensure the stability of hydraulic structure against uplift pressure and piping phenomenon in addition to the sliding and overturning forces of the water. These cutoffs are used at critical sections underneath the floor of hydraulic structure to substitute with their depths the horizontal lengths of the creep line of the hydraulic structure base. In this paper, the experimental method- by using electrical analogue model- was carried out to plot the flow net and study the efficiency of the front and rear faces of the cutoffs for dissipating the potential energy of the percolating water underneath the floor of hydraulic structure. An electrical analogue model which was used in this study consists of twenty five models with different depths of upstream and downstream cutoffs. After plotting the flow net for all models, it is concluded that the efficiency of the inner sides are less than that of the outer sides which were investigated before in this topic of this work that both faces reduction values in the uplift pressure are considered the same, where the efficiency of the outer face of upstream cutoff is (70.35) % and for the inner face is (29.64)%, while for the downstream cutoff the efficiency for the outer face is (76.21)% and for the inner face is (23.79)% .

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