Glulam rivet connections under eccentric loading

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erol Karacabeyli ◽  
Ricardo O. Foschi
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Bearing Failure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Failure Loads ◽  
Fracture Theory ◽  
Timber Engineering ◽  
Type Of Failure

Results from theoretical and experimental studies on the strength of glulam rivet connections under eccentric loading are presented. Two failure modes are studied: (1) rivet yielding in bending with simultaneous bearing failure of the wood under the rivet's shank and (2) wood failure around the rivet cluster. The latter is studied using brittle fracture theory and a finite element analysis of the stress distribution in the wood around the rivets.Experimental results are shown to compare well with theoretical predictions for failure loads and type of failure, and design guidelines are proposed. Key words: fasteners, wood connectors, glued-laminated, nails, timber engineering.

Failure Criteria for Brittle Notched Specimens

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young W. Kwon ◽  
Carlos Diaz-Colon ◽  
Stanley Defisher
Keyword(s):  
Elliptical Hole ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Homogeneous Material ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Circular Holes ◽  
Failure Loads ◽  
Stress Models

Abstract Recently, new failure criteria were proposed for brittle materials to predict their failure loads regardless of the shapes of a notch or a crack in the material. This paper is to further evaluate the failure criteria for different shapes of notches and different materials. A circular hole, elliptical hole or crack-like slit with a different angle with respect to the loading direction was considered. Double circular holes were also studied. The materials studied were an isotropic material like polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as well as laminated carbon fiber composites. Both cross-ply and quasi-isotropic layup orientations were examined. The lamination theory was used for the composite materials so that they can be modelled as an anisotropic and homogeneous material. The test results were compared to the theoretical predictions using the finite element analysis with 2-D plane stress models. Both theoretical failure stresses agreed well with the experimental data for the materials and notch geometries studied herein.

Progressive failure analysis of fiber-reinforced laminated composites containing a hole

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 963-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Bakhshan ◽  
Ali Afrouzian ◽  
Hamed Ahmadi ◽  
Mehrnoosh Taghavimehr
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Progressive Failure ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Progressive Failure Analysis ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Failure Loads

The present work aims to obtain failure loads for open-hole unidirectional composite plates under tensile loading. For this purpose, a user-defined material model in the finite element analysis package, ABAQUS, was developed to predict the failure load of the open-hole composite laminates using progressive failure analysis. Hashin and modified Yamanda-Sun’s failure criteria with complete and Camanho’s material degradation model are studied. In order to achieve the most accurate predictions, the influence of failure criteria and property degradation rules are investigated and failure loads and failure modes of the composites are compared with the same experimental test results from literature. A good agreement between experimental results and numerical predictions was observed.

Strength Prediction of Double-Lap Bolted Joints of Woven Fabric CFRP Composite Plates Using Hashin Formulations

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 290-294
Author(s):  
Hilton Ahmad ◽  
Mustafa Abbas Abed
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Bolted Joints ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Strength Prediction ◽  
Bearing Failure ◽  
Bolted Joint ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bearing Failures ◽  
Cfrp Composite

Failure modes in composite plates with bolted joint configuration include net-tension, shear-out and bearing failures. Few analytical and numerical approaches in strength prediction frameworks of composite plates with bolted joints were reported in the literatures. Present works are dealing with strength prediction in bearing failure of woven fabric CFRP plates with double lap bolted joint configurations by modeling 3D finite element analysis framework. The pre-processing stage is modeled using commercial ABAQUS CAE package and takes into account all parts interactions, clamping pressure and friction contact. Testing series are following the experimental works found from the literatures with variation of plate width to hole diameter (W/d) ratios and incorporated with finger-tight clamp-up. Hashin failure criterion was implemented as constitutive modeling in current analysis, based on ply-by-ply approaches found to be more appropriate phenomenon in bearing failure. The strength prediction results demonstrated good agreement with all experimental datasets particularly with bearing failures as compared with previously reported work, used stress concentration approach found to be accurate in net-tension failure only.

Minimization of transmission errors in highly loaded plastic gear trains

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (9) ◽  
pp. 1117-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Klein Meuleman ◽  
D Walton ◽  
K D Dearn ◽  
D J Weale ◽  
I Driessen
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Transmission Errors ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Tooth Stiffness ◽  
Gear Trains ◽  
Plastic Gears

Transmission errors (TEs) are an important source of unwanted noise and vibration in gear drives. Errors can result from geometrical inaccuracies and from elastic deformations. Plastic drives are often loaded in a way that produces high deflections relative to steel gears, and the elastic component of TE is relatively more important. Furthermore, plastic gears are often run in mesh with gears made from steel or other metals. In this case there is a large difference in tooth stiffness, which leads to unusual TE problems. The current paper discusses the origins of elastic TEs and means of their calculation. A simple beam model is used to demonstrate the stiffness of a pair of meshing gear teeth. A finite-element analysis is used to refine this model and to run iterative tooth meshing enabling TEs to be accurately characterized. A number of TE traces from gear pairs running under high loads are included and compared with the theoretical predictions. Several different scenarios are proposed including balancing gear tooth stiffness for dissimilar materials and the adjustment of pressure angle to account for tooth deflection. A set of design guidelines are presented in the conclusions. A case study of a precision printer drive is used to illustrate some of the techniques for the minimization of TEs.

Finite element analyses and experimental considerations of the deflection and failure behaviour of an asymmetric laminate composite bicycle handlebar

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
R R Chang
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Laminate Composite ◽  
Failure Load ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Optimal Angle ◽  
Maximum Stiffness ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Failure Loads ◽  
Experimental Approaches

The deformation and first-ply failure load of an asymmetric laminate composite bicycle handlebar have been studied via both theoretical and experimental approaches. The composite bicycle handlebar tube is fabricated with outer main fibre layers and inner reinforcing fibre layers and is designed to predicted first-ply failure loads. Optimal angle-ply orientations of antisymmetric [θ-θ…]-s laminated tubes designed for maximum stiffness were investigated. A number of laminated composite bicycle handlebars were fabricated and subjected to static transverse bend testing. The first-ply failure loads of laminated composite bicycle handlebars tubes were determined using acoustic emission (AE). The failure modes of the bicycle handlebars were studied, and experimental results were used to verify the theoretical predictions. The experimental results have been proved to be efficient and effective in the theoretical prediction of first-ply failure loads of laminated composite bicycle handlebars.

Fracture Analyses of Soft Materials With Hard Inclusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengyu Pei ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Cunfa Gao
Keyword(s):  
Soft Materials ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Hard Inclusion ◽  
Applied Loading ◽  
Fracture Behaviors ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Fracture Theory ◽  
Line Inclusion

This paper presents a detailed study on the fracture behaviors of soft materials with hard inclusion. Stress concentrations on the interfaces of hard and soft materials are considered as the key factor for structure fracture. Based on linear fracture theory, the fracture behaviors of soft materials with elliptical hard inclusion are investigated. Stress concentrations, consisting of tensile, hoop, and compressive stress, are observed with changes of inclusion geometries and the modulus ratio of hard and soft materials. And their influences on the categories of principal stress concentration are shown in a phase diagram in the current paper. Finite element analysis is carried out with consideration of the large deformation of soft material, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the theoretical predictions in a great scope of applied loading. Finally, the predictions based on theoretical and simulation results are validated by experiments. This work points out that the hard line inclusion is the source of danger in soft materials just like the crack in brittle materials.

scholarly journals Development of Simulation Based p-Multipliers for Laterally Loaded Pile Groups in Granular Soil Using 3D Nonlinear Finite Element Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Adeel ◽  
Muhammad Asad Jan ◽  
Muhammad Aaqib ◽  
Duhee Park
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Winkler Foundation ◽  
Group Effect ◽  
Pile Groups ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Laterally Loaded Pile ◽  
Laterally Loaded

The behavior of laterally loaded pile groups is usually accessed by beam-on-nonlinear-Winkler-foundation (BNWF) approach employing various forms of empirically derived p-y curves and p-multipliers. Averaged p-multiplier for a particular pile group is termed as the group effect parameter. In practice, the p-y curve presented by the American Petroleum Institute (API) is most often utilized for piles in granular soils, although its shortcomings are recognized. In this study, we performed 3D finite element analysis to develop p-multipliers and group effect parameters for 3 × 3 to 5 × 5 vertically squared pile groups. The effect of the ratio of spacing to pile diameter (S/D), number of group piles, varying friction angle (φ), and pile fixity conditions on p-multipliers and group effect parameters are evaluated and quantified. Based on the simulation outcomes, a new functional form to calculate p-multipliers is proposed for pile groups. Extensive comparisons with the experimental measurements reveal that the calculated p-multipliers and group effect parameters are within the recorded range. Comparisons with two design guidelines which do not account for the pile fixity condition demonstrate that they overestimate the p-multipliers for fixed-head condition.

On-site monitoring of bearing failure in composite bolted joints using built-in eddy current sensing film

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832097973
Author(s):  
Qijian Liu ◽  
Hu Sun ◽  
Yuan Chai ◽  
Jianjian Zhu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Bolted Joints ◽  
Bearing Failure ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Current Sensing ◽  
Site Monitoring ◽  
Array Sensing ◽  
Bearing Damage

Bearing damage is one of the common failure modes in composite bolted joints. This paper describes the development of an on-site monitoring method based on eddy current (EC) sensing film to monitor the bearing damage in carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) single-lap bolted joints under tensile testing. Configuration design and operating principles of EC array sensing film are demonstrated. A series of numerical simulations are conducted to analyze the variation of EC when the bearing failure occurs around the bolt hole. The results of damage detection in the horizontal direction and through the thickness direction in the bolt hole with different exciting current directions are presented by the finite element method (FEM). Experiments are performed to prove the feasibility of the proposed EC array sensing film when the bearing failure occurs in CFRP single-lap bolted joints. The results of numerical simulations and experiments indicate that bearing failure can be detected according to the variation of EC in the test specimen.

Accelerated testing of super lightweight UHPC waffle deck under heavy vehicle simulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Sahar Ghasemi ◽  
Amir Mirmiran ◽  
Yulin Xiao ◽  
Kevin Mackie
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heavy Vehicle ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Simulator ◽  
Pavement Testing ◽  
Heavy Vehicle Simulator

A super lightweight deck can enhance load rating and functionality of a bridge, especially those identified as structurally deficient. This study was aimed to develop and experimentally validate a novel bridge deck as an ultra-lightweight low-profile waffle slab of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with either carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) or high strength steel (HSS) reinforcement. The proposed system lends itself to accelerated bridge construction, rapid deck replacement in bridges with load restrictions, and bridge widening applications without the need to replace girders. Performance and failure modes of the proposed deck were initially assessed through extensive lab experiments and finite element analysis, which together confirmed that the proposed deck panel meets the AASHTO LRFD requirements. The proposed deck system is not susceptible to punching shear of its thin slab and fails in a rather ductile manner. To evaluate its long-term performance, the system was further tested under the dynamic impact of wheel load at the Accelerated Pavement Testing (APT) facility of the Florida Department of Transportation using a Heavy Vehicle Simulator (HVS).

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