Ontario's heritage bridge program

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
David J. Cuming
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Government Program ◽  
Major Aspect ◽  
Bridge Program ◽  
Unique Aspect

Conservation of the built environment is becoming a major aspect of planning activity in the 1980s. Current economic conditions have necessitated rehabilitation and renovation of many buildings and structures rather than their replacement. In response to these conditions the Ontario Ministries of Transportation and Communications and of Citizenship and Culture have initiated the Heritage Bridge Program. A key component is the establishment of a list of heritage road bridges. There is a presumption that listed bridges should be conserved where feasible. Criteria are utilized to evaluate bridges for prospective nomination to the list. Conservation strategies are recommended for protecting those bridges listed. Complementary funding provisions have been agreed to by the Ministries to encourage listed bridge conservation. The program, the first of its kind in Canada, is a systematic and comprehensive way of protecting a unique aspect of Ontario's engineering heritage. Key words: historic bridges, engineering heritage, conservation, rehabilitation, evaluation criteria, Ontario government program.

scholarly journals Circular Economy Strategies in Eight Historic Port Cities: Criteria and Indicators Towards a Circular City Assessment Framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Gravagnuolo ◽  
Mariarosaria Angrisano ◽  
Luigi Fusco Girard
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
City Region ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Criteria And Indicators ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
Circular Design

The circular city is emerging as new concept and form of practice in sustainable urban development. This is a response to the complex and pressing challenges of urbanization, as highlighted in the New Urban Agenda (NUA). The concept of a “circular city” or “circular city-region” derives from the circular economy model applied in the spatial territorial dimension. It can be associated with the concept of a “self-sustainable” regenerative city, as stated in paragraph n.71 of the NUA. This paper aims to develop an extensive form of “screening” of circular economy actions in emerging circular cities, focusing on eight European historic port cities self-defined as “circular”. The analysis is carried out as a review of circular economy actions in the selected cities, and specifically aims to identify the key areas of implementation in which the investments in the circular economy are more oriented, as well as to analyze the spatial implications of the reuse of buildings and sites, proposing a set of criteria and indicators for ex-ante and ex-post evaluations and monitoring of circular cities. Results show that the built environment (including cultural heritage), energy and mobility, waste management, water management, industrial production (including plastics, textiles, and industry 4.0 and circular design), agri-food, and citizens and communities can be adopted as strategic areas of implementation of the circular city model in historic cities, highlighting a lack of indicators in some sectors and identifying a possible framework for “closed” urban metabolism evaluation from a life-cycle perspective, focusing on evaluation criteria and indicators in the (historic) built environment.

scholarly journals Risk-Informed Performance-Based Metrics for Evaluating the Structural Safety and Serviceability of Constructed Assets against Natural Disasters

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5925
Author(s):  
Nuno Marques de Almeida ◽  
Maria João Falcão Silva ◽  
Filipa Salvado ◽  
Hugo Rodrigues ◽  
Damjan Maletič
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Natural Agents ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Physical Asset

The tangible and intangible value derived from the built environment is of great importance. This raises concerns related to the resilience of constructed assets to both human-made and natural disasters. Consideration of these concerns is present in the countless decisions made by various stakeholders during the decades-long life cycle of this type of physical asset. This paper addresses these issues from the standpoint of the engineering aspects that must be managed to enhance the structural safety and serviceability of buildings against natural disasters. It presents risk-informed performance-based parameterization strategies and evaluation criteria as well as design methods to embed differentiated levels of structural safety and serviceability of buildings against wind, snow, earthquakes and other natural agents. The proposed approach enables designers to assure the resilience and reliability of building structures against natural risks.

Generazioni e valutazione sociale delle occupazioni

2009 ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
Amalia Caputo ◽  
Daniela Napoletano
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Labor Flexibility ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

- In this article the authors analyse the social evaluation of occupations, examining the impact of generation on the judgments about the social desirability of occupations. The authors show that some generational differences are noticeable when looking at the criteria that respondents use to order occupations.Key words: Generation, Labor flexibility, Evaluation criteria, Labor market, Social Stratification, Occupational Stratification Scale

scholarly journals A teleological approach to interpreting socio-economic rights in the African Charter: Appropriateness and methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneth Amin
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
The People ◽  
Treaty Interpretation ◽  
African Charter ◽  
Interpretive Process

SUMMARY The incorporation of socio-economic rights in the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights should be considered a vital move towards the transformation of socio-economic conditions of the people on the continent. However, the envisaged socio-economic transformation depends largely on how these rights are interpreted. It is the task of the supervisory organs of the African Charter to develop the scope and content of these rights and their related obligations through interpretation. To achieve this interpretative objective, interpretive process of the supervisory organs should be guided by an appropriate approach to interpretation that is applied coherently. This article argues that the teleological approach to treaty interpretation is an appropriate approach to interpreting socio-economic rights in the African Charter. The article develops a methodology for application of the teleological approach through which socio-economic rights in the African Charter may be effectively interpreted. Key words: socio-economic rights; African Charter; effective interpretation; teleological approach to interpretation

scholarly journals Finding Common Ground between United Kingdom Based and Chinese Approaches to Earthen Heritage Conservation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Richards ◽  
Yinghong Wang ◽  
Scott Orr ◽  
Heather Viles
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Conservation Policy ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
International Collaborations ◽  
The World ◽  
International Issues

Earthen heritage is one of the oldest and universal forms of heritage but its conservation poses many challenges. Establishing international collaborations could provide an efficient, sustainable mechanism to increase knowledge exchange, aiding the development of earthen heritage conservation strategies around the world. However, perceived differences in how Eastern and Western countries value earthen heritage and develop conservation strategies can pose challenges for establishing collaborations. To understand these perceived differences and whether they hinder collaborations, this paper compares British and Chinese heritage conservation policy and practice and then reports the results from an innovative workshop examining the approaches of 13 Chinese and 13 UK based heritage experts and researchers towards earthen heritage conservation. Workshop participants undertook bilingual discussions and completed a co-created questionnaire available in English and Mandarin. Both groups identified historic value as the most important value and maintenance of authenticity and integrity, need for scientific research and site scale conservation as vital considerations for conservation strategies. This study found that to understand the potential for collaboration, individual perspectives need consideration as well as policies and practices. This innovative bilingual, discussion-based approach has potential to aid collaborations for diverse international issues from wildlife conservation to cross-boundary pollution and climate change.

Enhancing our Heritage: Conservation for 21st Century New Zealanders: Ways forward from the Tahi Group of Concerned Scientists

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Craig ◽  
Henrik Moller ◽  
Denis Saunders ◽  
Morgan Williams
Keyword(s):  
Economic Reform ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Ecosystem Protection ◽  
Responsibility Of Government ◽  
Reserve System ◽  
New Zealanders

New Zealanders are constantly reminded of their degraded environment and the threatened status of their unique plants, animals and ecosystems. Instead of presenting these as symptoms of unsustainable living and the socio-economic system that rewards this, there has been a propensity to treat these as independent problems needing individual solutions with insufficient resources allocated to implement the solutions. For example, conservation of native biota and ecosystem protection are viewed as biological problems that are mainly the responsibility of government to be addressed through a government-based reserve system. In contrast, the Tahi Group view a diverse native biota and healthy ecosystems as essential elements of New Zealanders’ heritage that require social engagement and innovative economic reform. Most of all, the New Zealand conservation paradigm needs to be broadened to encourage collaboration of a wider range of stakeholders and land owners and the application of new tools for learning how best to reverse ongoing decline of native biota and degradation of ecosystems. Diversification of conservation strategies has begun in small “bottomup” ways in communities, organizations, businesses and institutions, powered by commitment and energy of many individual citizens. These strategies, where monitored, demonstrate effective and efficient actions that inspires hope for a future that fully integrates conservation as a normal and an essential component of a prosperous economy and healthy South Pacific society with little or no government input. We make a plea to move from the constant reiteration of conservation problems to a focus on developing and implementing solutions to these problems with the engagement of all New Zealanders.

scholarly journals Lviv territory zoning by the kind and degree of anthropogenic load

2013 ◽  
pp. 225-331
Author(s):  
Mykola Nazaruk ◽  
Ivan Sholok
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Actual Concentration ◽  
Territorial Differentiation ◽  
The City

We made the complex environmental analysis of Lviv, natural and socio-economic conditions of urboekosystem of the city, allowed to analyze the spatial characteristics of anthropogenic load in Lviv. According to the results based on such indicators as the types and density of residential buildings the actual concentration of industrial facilities and their load on the environment, the load from various types of transport and also size of area under city parks and another greenery we made territorial differentiation of the city and highlighted areas with predominant types and levels of anthropogenic load. Key words: anthropogenic load, urboecosystem, zoning, geoinformation analysis.

scholarly journals Fraternal Relative Deprivation of a Tribal Population in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Kamal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Tribal Population ◽  
Chittagong Hill Tracts ◽  
And Gender

The study investigated fraternal relative deprivation of a tribal population (Chakma) in connection with their education, residence and gender difference in the socio-political and economic conditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), Bangladesh. The study used a sample composed of 240 respondents. The Fraternal Relative Deprivation Scale (FRDS) was used for data collection. A 2????2????2 factorial design involving two levels of education (graduate vs. undergraduate), two levels of residence (urban vs. rural) and two levels of gender (male vs. female) was utilized. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for the analysis of data. Results show that undergraduate respondents expressed significantly higher intensity in perceived fraternal relative deprivation as compared to their graduate counterparts. Similarly, male respondents felt more relative deprivation as compared to the female respondents. Key words: Fraternal relative deprivatio;, tribal population; Chakma; egoistic relative deprivation; social identity DOI: 10.3329/jles.v3i0.7442 J. Life Earth Sci., Vols. 3-4: 29-32, 2009

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