Detention time—A key decision factor in controlling algal blooms in man-made lakes

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mulamoottil ◽  
E. McBean
Keyword(s):  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Detention Time ◽  
Time Criterion ◽  
Study Test ◽  
Stormwater Pond

The mechanics by which algal blooms occur are examined and from these, a set of factors is identified that are important in modifying bloom conditions. The role of the detention time, one of the key controlling conditions, is examined as it relates to field observations of the presence of different kinds of algal biomass. A case study test of the detention time for a stormwater pond demonstrates the failure of existing design practice to adhere to the detention time criterion, suggesting that algal blooms might well occur in the impoundment.

Making the Case for Practice-Based Research and the Imperative Role of Design Practitioners

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Freihoefer ◽  
Terri Zborowsky
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Current State ◽  
Practice Based Research ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
Validation Tool

The purpose of this article is to justify the need for evidence-based design (EBD) in a research-based architecture and design practice. This article examines the current state of practice-based research (PBR), supports the need for EBD, illustrates PBR methods that can be applied to design work, and explores how findings can be used as a decision-making tool during design and as a validation tool during postoccupancy. As a result, design professions’ body of knowledge will advance and practitioners will be better informed to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the society. Furthermore, characteristics of Friedman’s progressive research program are used as a framework to examine the current state of PBR in design practice. A modified EBD approach is proposed and showcased with a case study of a renovated inpatient unit. The modified approach demonstrates how a highly integrated project team, especially the role of design practitioners, contributed to the success of utilizing baseline findings and evidence in decision-making throughout the design process. Lastly, recommendations and resources for learning research concepts are provided for practitioners. It is the role of practitioners to pave the way for the next generation of design professionals, as the request and expectation for research become more prevalent in design practice.

scholarly journals The role of ethnic malls in placemaking: a case study of First Markham Place

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Liu
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
Shopping Centres

This study examines the role and effectiveness of suburban, ethnic shopping centres in providing an alternative to public space. It is a response to the suburb's lack of good public spaces, and the resulting lack of community and sense of place, and is informed by the development of 'ethnoburbs' across North America. This study explores themes revealed by both literature and a series of field observations and intercept interview. A case study analyzing First Markham Place and how its mall patrons use the space revealed implications regarding the effectiveness of these malls as public spaces. The author found that the mall's role as a community hub provides opportunities to satisfy both practical and innate desires for cultural goods, services, and co-ethnic interactions, encourages a 'public life' not seen in conventional suburban malls, and creates a unique sense of place for members of the target ethnic community as well as non-members.

scholarly journals The role of ethnic malls in placemaking: a case study of First Markham Place

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Liu
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
Shopping Centres

This study examines the role and effectiveness of suburban, ethnic shopping centres in providing an alternative to public space. It is a response to the suburb's lack of good public spaces, and the resulting lack of community and sense of place, and is informed by the development of 'ethnoburbs' across North America. This study explores themes revealed by both literature and a series of field observations and intercept interview. A case study analyzing First Markham Place and how its mall patrons use the space revealed implications regarding the effectiveness of these malls as public spaces. The author found that the mall's role as a community hub provides opportunities to satisfy both practical and innate desires for cultural goods, services, and co-ethnic interactions, encourages a 'public life' not seen in conventional suburban malls, and creates a unique sense of place for members of the target ethnic community as well as non-members.

scholarly journals Early post-settlement mortality of the scallop Pecten fumatus and the role of algal mats as a refuge from predation

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 2322-2331 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Mendo ◽  
J. M. Lyle ◽  
N. A. Moltschaniwskyj ◽  
J. M. Semmens
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Exclusion Experiment ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
Predator Exclusion ◽  
Settlement Substrate ◽  
Marine Benthic Invertebrates

Abstract Early post-settlement mortality is one of the main processes determining distribution and abundance patterns of marine benthic invertebrates. Most scallops have an attached phase as spat before they release the byssus and move onto the soft sediments. Thus, spat differ from other stages of life in their use of microhabitat, lack of mobility, and therefore in their vulnerability to mortality processes such as predation. However, the contribution of predation to explain levels of mortality experienced by spat and early juvenile scallops is unknown. Complex habitats such as seagrasses and algae provide a substrate upon which spat can attach and might confer an advantage as a refuge from predation. This study investigates the contribution of early post-settlement predation on abundance of Pecten fumatus and determines the role of the algae Hincksia sordida as a refuge from predation. Data were collected using field observations, a predator exclusion experiment, and tethering techniques. Mortality of up to 85% during the first weeks after settlement appeared to have prevented the establishment of an adult population at our study site. Mats of the macroalgae H. sordida provided a settlement substrate for P. fumatus spat. However, increased algal biomass did not provide greater protection from predation to juvenile scallops than lower algal biomass. Our study suggests that prey survival in submersed vegetation is likely to be dynamic among years, and affected by prey behaviour and density as well as the characteristics of the submerged vegetation.

scholarly journals Design-driven innovation in design practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Tor Kristiansen ◽  
Anne Haugen Gausdal
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Generative Design ◽  
Generative Process ◽  
New Vision

The aim of this paper is to investigate Verganti’s framework for design-driven innovation (DDI) in the context of design practice and to discuss, elaborate and deepen the understanding of DDI, especially on aspects related to design. To meet this aim, an in-depth longitudinal case study of a DDI project for developing a radical new vision for an offshore ship bridge concept is performed. DDI is generally recognised as an in-depth research process, but we also approach it as a highly creative, generative process of design in which design artefacts serve as knowledge production and exploration. Therefore,  Verganti’s divide between research and creativity and his critique of user centredness are challenged. The paper adds complementary understandings to Verganti’s framework, particularly regarding the role of design, and the Generative Design-Driven Innovation framework is developed.  

The role of multiplicity in a cult: A case study

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Worrall ◽  
Ann W. Stockman

Endangered Butterflies and their Non-Native Host Plants: Examining Shifting Values of Belonging in Restoration

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Robert M. Anderson ◽  
Amy M. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Remote Island ◽  
Scientific Truth ◽  
Native Host

The island marble butterfly (Euchloe ausonides insulanus), thought to be extinct throughout the 20th century until re-discovered on a single remote island in Puget Sound in 1998, has become the focus of a concerted protection effort to prevent its extinction. However, efforts to “restore” island marble habitat conflict with efforts to “restore” the prairie ecosystem where it lives, because of the butterfly’s use of a non-native “weedy” host plant. Through a case study of the island marble project, we examine the practice of ecological restoration as the enactment of particular norms that define which species are understood to belong in the place being restored. We contextualize this case study within ongoing debates over the value of “native” species, indicative of deep-seated uncertainties and anxieties about the role of human intervention to alter or manage landscapes and ecosystems, in the time commonly described as the “Anthropocene.” We interpret the question of “what plants and animals belong in a particular place?” as not a question of scientific truth, but a value-laden construct of environmental management in practice, and we argue for deeper reflexivity on the part of environmental scientists and managers about the social values that inform ecological restoration.

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