Innovative designs in structural systems for buildings

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-167
Author(s):  
J. Keith Ritchie ◽  
Eddie Y. L. Chien
Keyword(s):  
Shear Walls ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Structural Interface ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Building Components ◽  
The One ◽  
Direct Acting

Numerous innovations in the use of structural steel alone or in combination with other structural components have been tried and proven in North America during the past two decades. In numerous other fields of endeavour, mass production allows refinement in both function and cost. However, the 'one-off' approach inherent in both architectural and structural design of buildings on this continent and the broad spectrum of projects (and clients) processed by any single consultant, in spite of any desired level of specialization, allow development of only the low end of the learning curve related to the use of a particular system.This paper sets out with two objectives: the first is to review some of the innovative structural framing systems for steel buildings, presenting the concepts and design details for review by others who only infrequently have opportunities to design a structure falling in one of these categories; the second is to review possible adaptations of these structural systems with the objective of achieving greater construction efficiency and (or) greater economy.Systems reviewed will include concrete-cored, gravity steel-framed structures with a number of alternative construction methods, staggered truss-framing systems, interstitially framed hospital structures with a review of economics and mechanical–structural interface aspects, the stub-girder framing system with Canadian alternatives, steel–concrete composite action of both vertical and horizontal structural members, efficient lateral load-resisting systems such as direct acting tension and compression bracing, including both exterior and interior applications, steel-plate shear walls as lateral load-resisting elements, and combinations of the above.Structural interface with other building components including wall components will receive considerable emphasis, but overall, ways and means of improving productivity in both design and construction will be the primary focal points and objectives of the paper.

scholarly journals Seismic Performance of Bracing, Diagrid and Outrigger System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
Lateral Loads ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Lateral Bracing ◽  
Bracing System

In this paper bracing, diagrid and outrigger system have been analyzed for comparing the seismic performance of multistorey buildings. Bracing system is a very efficient system which can be used as a lateral load resisting system in concrete and steel buildings, in this system lateral loads are transferred through lateral bracing by undergoing in tension and compression .diagrid is another effective and efficient system that can be used as lateral load resisting system in steel and concrete tall buildings, in this system lateral loads are transferred by inclined members of the building. Another very effective system which commonly used for resisting lateral loads in concrete and steel high rise building is outrigger system, in this system lateral loads will be resisted by outrigger belt truss and core shear wall. Location and number of outrigger and type of bracing is very important which needs to be optimized in this system. In this paper comparison of bracing, diagrid and outrigger system have been studied on a 24 storey by using a standard package of ETABS 2017.

A Simplified Design Model for Modular Steel Buildings Subject to Vapor Cloud Explosions (VCEs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Bedair
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Front Wall ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Vapor Cloud ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Analytical Expressions

Background: Modular steel buildings (MSB) are extensively used in petrochemical plants and refineries. Limited guidelines are available in the industry for analysis and design of (MSB) subject to accidental vapor cloud explosions (VCEs). Objectives: The paper presents simplified engineering model for modular steel buildings (MSB) subject to accidental vapor cloud explosions (VCEs) that are extensively used in petrochemical plants and refineries. Method: A Single degree of freedom (SDOF) dynamic model is utilized to simulate the dynamic response of primary building components. Analytical expressions are then provided to compute the dynamic load factors (DLF) for critical building elements. Recommended foundation systems are also proposed to install the modular building with minimum cost. Results: Numerical results are presented to illustrate the dynamic response of (MSB) subject to blast loading. It is shown that (DLF)=1.6 is attained at (td/t)=0.4 for front wall (W1) with (td/T)=1.25. For side walls (DLF)=1.41 and is attained at (td/t)=0.6. Conclusions: The paper presented simplified tools for analysis and design of (MSB) subject accidental vapor cloud blast explosions (VCEs). The analytical expressions can be utilized by practitioners to compute the (MSB) response and identify the design parameters. They are simple to use compared to Finite Element Analysis.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Concentric Bracing Systems for Lateral Loads on Medium Rise Steel Building Structures

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Sisaynew Tesfaw Admassu
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Lateral Stiffness ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Lateral Strength ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Bracing System

To resistance, the lateral load from wind or an earthquake is that the reason for the evolution of varied structural systems. Because, when a medium or any multi-level structure is exposed to horizontal or torsional deflections under the action of seismic burdens. Lateral stiffness is a major consideration in the design of the buildings. In addition to this, many existing steel buildings and reinforced concrete buildings for which the weak lateral stiffness is the main problem; should be retrofitted to conquer the insufficiencies to resist the lateral loading. Lateral load resisting systems are structural elements providing basic lateral strength and stiffness, without which the structure would be laterally unstable. The unstable nature of the structure is solved by the fitting arrangement of bracings systems. A bracing system is that forms an integral part of the frame. Thus, such a structure has to be analyzed before arriving at the best type or effective arrangement of bracing. Bracing is a highly effective strategy of resisting lateral forces in a frame structure. In this document, a ten-story building with incorporated bracing systems is analysed using ETABS 2016 analysis software as per Eurocode and Ethiopian Building Code Standards (EBCS). Then, the lateral displacement is evaluated under each of the bracing types.

New Zealand Research Applications of, and Developments in, Low Damage Technology for Steel Structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 763 ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. MacRae ◽  
George Charles Clifton ◽  
Michel Bruneau
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Base Isolation ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Steel Framing ◽  
Friction Pendulum ◽  
Building Demolition

Over the past few years, the South Island of New Zealand has been subject to significant sequences of earthquake shaking. In particular, 2010-2011 events affected the city of Christchurch resulting in large scale demolition of buildings. Also, the recent and continuing 11/2016 events caused severe damage in the countryside, in small towns, and moderate damage further afield. This paper describes “low damage construction” methods being used in NZ, and especially in the Christchurch rebuild, to limit the possibility of building demolition in future large seismic events. The buildings used in the Christchurch rebuild are generally supported by structural steel framing. These steel buildings include BRB systems, EBF systems with replaceable active links, rocking systems, base isolation using friction pendulum systems and/or lead-rubber dissipaters, RBS beams, lead extrusion dissipaters, yielding flexural dissipaters, and friction connections. Concerns about a number of currently used systems are discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Steel Shear Walls Behavior with Sinusoidal and Trapezoidal Corrugated Plates

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Hosseinpour ◽  
Shahrizan Baharom ◽  
Yasser Yadollahi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
Input Energy ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tall Structures ◽  
Corrugated Plates ◽  
Overall Buckling ◽  
Field Property

Reinforcement of structures aims to control the input energy of unnatural and natural forces. In the past four decades, steel shear walls are utilized in huge constructions in some seismic countries such as Japan, United States, and Canada to lessen the risk of destructive forces. The steel shear walls are divided into two types: unstiffened and stiffened. In the former, a series of plates (sinusoidal and trapezoidal corrugated) with light thickness are used that have the postbuckling field property under overall buckling. In the latter, steel profile belt series are employed as stiffeners with different arrangement: horizontal, vertical, or diagonal in one side or both sides of wall. In the unstiffened walls, increasing the thickness causes an increase in the wall capacity under large forces in tall structures. In the stiffened walls, joining the stiffeners to the wall is costly and time consuming. The ANSYS software was used to analyze the different models of unstiffened one-story steel walls with sinusoidal and trapezoidal corrugated plates under lateral load. The obtained results demonstrated that, in the walls with the same dimensions, the trapezoidal corrugated plates showed higher ductility and ultimate bearing compared to the sinusoidal corrugated plates.

scholarly journals Seismic performance evaluation of high-rise steel buildings dependent on wind exposures

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 168781401983511
Author(s):  
Seonwoong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Slenderness Ratio ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Moderate Seismicity

The lateral load-resisting system of high-rise buildings in regions of low and moderate seismicity and strong wind such as the typhoon in the Korean peninsula considers the wind load as the governed lateral force so that the practical structural engineer tends to skip the evaluation against the seismic load. This study is to investigate wind-designed steel diagrid buildings located in these regions and check the possibility of the elastic design of them out. To this end, first, the diagrid high-rise buildings were designed to satisfy the wind serviceability criteria specified in KBC 2016. Then, the response spectrum analyses were performed under various slenderness ratio and wind exposures. The analyses demonstrated the good seismic performance of these wind-designed diagrid high-rise buildings because of the significant over-strength induced by the lateral load-resisting system of high-rise buildings. Also, the analysis results showed that the elastic seismic design process of some diagrid high-rise buildings may be accepted based on slenderness ratios in all wind exposures.

Structural Steel Performance Following Severe Earthquake Loading

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (31) ◽  
pp. 4149-4153
Author(s):  
W. G. Fergusona ◽  
C. K. Seal ◽  
M. A. Hodgson ◽  
G. C. Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Strain ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Earthquake Loading ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Business District

The second Christchurch earthquake on February 22, 2011, Magnitude 6.35, generated more intense shaking in the Central Business District than the September 4, 2010 Darfield earthquake, Magnitude 7.1. The second earthquake was closer to the CBD and at shallow depth, resulting in peak ground accelerations 3 times higher. There was significant failure of unreinforced masonry buildings and collapse of a few reinforced concrete buildings, leading to loss of life. Steel structures on the whole performed well during the earthquake and the plastic, inelastic deformation was less than expected given the strength of the recorded ground accelerations. For steel buildings designed to withstand earthquake loading, a design philosophy is to have some structural elements deform plastically, absorbing energy in the process. Typically elements of beams are designed to plastically deform while the columns remain elastic. In the earthquake some of these elements deformed plastically and the buildings were structurally undamaged. The question which then arises is; the building may be safe, but will it withstand a further severe earthquake? In other words how much further plastic work damage can be absorbed without failure of the structural element? Previous research at Auckland on modern structural steel, where the steel was prestrained various levels, to represent earthquake loading, the toughness was determined, as a function of prestrain for the naturally strain-aged steel. Further research, on the same steel, investigated life to failure for cyclic plastic straining in tension and compression loading at various plastic strain amplitudes. This work has shown that provided the plastic strain in the structural element is in the range 2 – 5% the steel will still meet the relevant NZ Standards. To determine the remaining life the plastic strain must be determ ined then the decision made; to use the building as is, replace the structural element or demolish.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document