Analysis of Flexibly Connected Steel Frames

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. John Frye ◽  
Glenn A. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Stiffness Matrix ◽  
Steel Frames ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Steel Framing ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Pinned Connections ◽  
Fixed End

A procedure is presented for analyzing steel frames with any combination of pinned connections, fixed connections, connections with any specified flexibility characteristics, or any of seven commonly used connection types. A method is outlined for expressing, in a nondimensional form, the moment–rotation characteristics for all connections of a given type. The dimensionless relationships are listed for the commonly used structural steel framing connection types. The incorporation of connection deformations into a linear structural analysis, by modifying the stiffness matrix and fixed-end-force vectors for each member, is demonstrated.An iterative nonlinear analysis procedure is described in which repeated modifications are made to assumed flexibility characteristics for all connections in a structure. When a suitable set of connection flexibility characteristics has been arrived at, a single analysis is performed to determine the correct structural deflections and internal forces.

Optimal Design of Composite Lightweight Rollers

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bellendir ◽  
Hans A. Eschenauer
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Shell Theory ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Evaluation Models ◽  
Laminate Theory ◽  
Static Behaviour

Abstract A well-aimed layout of fibre-reinforced lightweight rollers does not only require an efficient structural analysis procedure but also the application of structural optimization methods. Therefore, an analytical procedure is introduced for the calculation of the static behaviour of cylindrical shells subject to axisymmetric and/or nonaxisymmetric loads. In the scope of this procedure, arbitrary, unsymmetrical laminates as well as various boundary conditions will be considered. Basis is the shell theory by Flügge enhanced by anisotropic constitutive equations (material law) in the scope of the classical laminate theory. By means of mathematical optimization procedures we then determine optimal lightweight rollers, using different design and evaluation models. For that purpose, coated and uncoated roller constructions as well as hybrid types made of CFRP/GFRP will be applied. Concluding, we will discuss possible improvements and advantages of anisotropic lightweight rollers in contrast to isotropic ones made of steel or aluminium.

scholarly journals To Optimize the Deflection of Beams by Conducting Bending Test Using Ansys Workbench 15

2019 ◽  
pp. 238-243
Author(s):  
Mulayam Kumar ◽  
Dr. Simant ◽  
Vijay Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Equivalent Stresses ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Ansys Workbench

The present work has been carried out to study the effect of the varying the load at different materials (Aluminium Alloy 7075-T6, stainless steel 305 and Structural Steel 345w) on deflection. The simply supported beam has been subjected to varying load 5000N - 10000N and cantilever beam has been subjected to varying load 500N-1000N. The result obtained is in form of Directional Deflection and Equivalent Stresses. This analysis is done by the ANSYS Workbench 15.0 software under the static structural analysis further this result has been optimized using TAGUCHI METHOD using MINITAB17.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF DEFORMABILITY PARAMETERS OF CONCRETE SAMPLES BY THE FORMULAS OF FRACTURE MECHANICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
B. A Bondarev ◽  
N. N Chernousov ◽  
V. A Sturova
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Local Deformation ◽  
Concrete Sample ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Bending Load ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
The Moment ◽  
External Forces

To determine the deformability parameters of concrete samples by the formulas of fracture mechanics, equilibrium tests were carried out at the stage of local deformation of the sample, which showed the correspondence of the change in external forces to the internal forces of the material resistance with the corresponding static development of the main crack. For the same purpose, the samples are tested for bending with an initial notch and the “load-deflection” diagram is recorded. In this work, we presented a test scheme for a specimen with a notch (crack) and constructed a diagram of the deformation of a specimen under bending “load-deflection”. Based on it, it is possible to predict the destruction of the material, that is, to determine the value of the load at which the limit value of deflection or the displacement of the outer edges of the notch (opening the throat of the crack on the lower surface of the specimen) can be taken as the moment of loss of the resource of the material. Also, we examined the deformation of a concrete sample during three-point bending and presented a diagram of the deformation of a concrete sample within the plastic zone. Dependencies were derived for determining the ultimate relative strains under tension and bending. Based on the results obtained, the state diagrams of the stretched concrete and the deformation scheme of the normal section of the concrete sample were constructed. As a result, the conclusion and convergence of the results.

The Plastic Hinge

2015 ◽  
pp. 172-230
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Plastic Hinge ◽  
Steel Frames ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Plastic Hinges

The plastic hinge is a key concept of the theory of frames that differentiates this theory from the remaining models for structural analysis. This chapter is exclusively dedicated to define this concept and describe the different models of plastic hinges. It also discusses the differences of implementation between plastic hinges in steel frames (Sections 6.1-6.4) and those in reinforced concrete structures (Sections 6.5-6.6). This chapter is based on the ideas presented in Chapter 5 and it allows formulating the models for elasto-plastic frames that are introduced in the next chapter.

scholarly journals A Matrix Formulation for the Moment Distribution Method Applied to Continuous Beams

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlindo Pires Lopes ◽  
Adriana Alencar Santos ◽  
Rogério Coelho Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Displacement Method ◽  
Matrix Formulation ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Continuous Beams ◽  
Moment Distribution ◽  
Moment Distribution Method ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
The Moment

The Moment Distribution Method is a quite powerful hand method of structural analysis, in which the solution is obtained iteratively without even formulating the equations for the unknowns. It was formulated by Professor Cross in an era where computer facilities were not available to solve frame problems that normally require the solution of simultaneous algebraic equations. Its relevance today, in the era of personal computers, is in its insight on how a structure reacts to applied loads by rotating its nodes and thus distributing the loads in the form of member-end moments. Such an insight is the foundation of the modern displacement method. This work has a main objective to present an exact solution for the Moment Distribution Method through a matrix formulation using only one equation. The initial moments at the ends of the members and the distribution and carry-over factors are calculated from the elementary procedures of structural analysis. Four continuous beams are investigated to illustrate the applicability and accuracy of the proposed formulation. The use of a matrix formulation yields excellent results when compared with those in the literature or with a commercial structural program.

Effect of Bolt Slippage and Joint Eccentricity on the Response of Lattice Structure with Non-Uniform Settlement

2013 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wu Zhang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Hai Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Static Response ◽  
Bolted Connection ◽  
Structure Deformation ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Joint Connection ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
Simulation Results

Lattice transimission towers are commonly made of angles bolted together directly or through gussets. And angle members are usually subjected to high axial force with eccentricity. Conventional structural analysis softwares solve such problems with the assumption of regarding the bolted connection as a rigid joint connection and ignored the effect of joint eccentricity. Thus the calculated internal forces of the structure members are bigger than those of real measurements, and the calculated structure deformation are smaller than the experimental ones under the same load. The main reasons for the discrepancy between the experimental results and the analytical solutions are bolt slippage and joint eccentricity. In this paper, the displacement-load curves of the bolted connections are introduced into the finite element simulation, revealing the effect of bolt slippage on the static response of lattice structure. The simulation results show that the bolt slippage causes the redistribution of the member internal forces of the lattice structure and increases the displacement of the lattice structure. The proposed algorithm and simulation results would provide good reference for further engineering applications.

Calculation of State Transfer of Curved Bridge

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 1701-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Jing Xi ◽  
Qing Ning Li ◽  
Tian Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Transfer Matrix Method ◽  
Transfer Equation ◽  
Matrix Method ◽  
Curved Bridge ◽  
State Transfer ◽  
Torsional Coupling ◽  
Internal Forces

The field transfer matrixs and the point transfer matrixs can be established by the transfer matrix method, which can solve the internal forces and deformations problems of each cross-section, based on the solutions of deflection differential equation of the curved bridge. The bending-torsional coupling, horizontal bending and axial deformations should be considered into the structural analysis of the curved bridge, under the influence of curvature. To establish the general transfer equation requires the field transfer matrixs and the point transfer matrixs of the curved bridge in horizontal and vertical directions. The state vectors of each cross-section can be obtained depending on the general transfer equation.

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