scholarly journals Innovative design approach of precast–prestressed girder bridges using ultra high performance concrete

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Almansour ◽  
Z. Lounis
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Highway Bridge ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Prestressed Concrete Girders

The construction of new bridges and the maintenance and renewal of aging highway bridge network using ultra high performance concrete can lead to the construction of long life bridges that will require minimum maintenance resulting in low life cycle costs. Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) is a newly developed concrete material that provides very high strength and very low permeability to aggressive agents such as chlorides from de-icing salts or seawater. Ultra high performance concrete could enable major improvements over conventional high performance concrete (HPC) bridges in terms of structural efficiency, durability, and cost-effectiveness over the long term. A simplified design approach of concrete slab on UHPC girders bridge using the Canadian Highway Bridge Design code and the current recommendations for UHPC design is proposed. An illustrative example demonstrates that the use of UHPC in precast–prestressed concrete girders yields a more efficient design of the superstructure where considerable reduction in the number of girders and girder size when compared to conventional HPC girders bridge with the same span length. Hence, UHPC results in a significant reduction in concrete volume and then weight of the superstructure, which in turn leads to significant reduction in the dead load on the substructure, especially for the case of aging bridges, thus improving their performance.

scholarly journals Abrasion Resistance of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete for Railway Sleepers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariful Hasnat ◽  
Nader Ghafoori
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the abrasion resistance of ultra-high-performance concretes (UHPCs) for railway sleepers. Test samples were made with different cementitious material combinations and varying steel fiber contents and shapes, using conventional fine aggregate. A total of 25 UHPCs and two high-strength concretes (HSCs) were selected to evaluate their depth of wear and bulk properties. The results of the coefficient of variation (CV), relative gain in abrasion, and abrasion index of the studied UHPCs were also obtained and discussed. Furthermore, a comparison was made on the resistance to wear of the selected UHPCs with those of the HSCs typically used for prestressed concrete sleepers. The outcomes of this study revealed that UHPCs displayed excellent resistance against abrasion, well above that of HSCs. Amongst the utilized cementitious material combinations, UHPCs made with silica fume as a partial replacement of cement performed best against abrasion, whereas mixtures containing fly ash showed the highest depth of wear. The addition of steel fibers had a more positive influence on the abrasion resistance than it did on compressive strength of the studied UHPCs.

Factorial Design Approach of Ultra-High Performance Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 2847-2850
Author(s):  
Wu Jian Long ◽  
Wei Lun Wang ◽  
Qi Ling Luo ◽  
Bi Qin Dong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Self Consolidating Concrete ◽  
Slump Flow

In order to understand the influence of mixture parameters on ultra-high strength self-consolidating concrete (UHS-SCC) behaviour, an experimental design was carried out in this investigation. In total, 19 SCC mixtures were prepared to determine several key responses that affect the slump flow and compressive strength of UHS-SCC. The statistical models derived from the factorial design approach can be used to quantify the effect of mixture parameters and their coupled effects on fresh and mechanical properties of SCC.

An Experiment on the Bond-Slip Behaviors of Pre-Tensioned Prestressed UHPC Members

2016 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
Jee Sang Kim ◽  
Dong Hun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Bond Slip ◽  
Optimum Utilization ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Very High

An Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) exhibits very high compressive and tensile strength and excellent durability comparing to those of the conventional concrete. The applications of UHPC to precast and/or prestressed concrete result the optimum utilization of high strength characteristics. This paper experimentally investigates the bond-slip behaviors between prestressing strands and UHPC in pretnesioned members. The diameters of strands, 12.7mm and 15.2mm, the cover depths and tensioning forces are chosen as variables, which are known to affect the bond behaviors. The bond-slip curves for various specimens are obtained and the equations for bond strengths of UHPC are derived based on experiments.

Flexural design of precast, prestressed ultra-high-performance concrete members

PCI Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-61
Author(s):  
Chungwook Sim ◽  
Maher Tadros ◽  
David Gee ◽  
Micheal Asaad
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Cylinder Strength

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is a special concrete mixture with outstanding mechanical and durability characteristics. It is a mixture of portland cement, supplementary cementitious materials, sand, and high-strength, high-aspect-ratio microfibers. In this paper, the authors propose flexural design guidelines for precast, prestressed concrete members made with concrete mixtures developed by precasters to meet minimum specific characteristics qualifying it to be called PCI-UHPC. Minimum specified cylinder strength is 10 ksi (69 MPa) at prestress release and 18 ksi (124 MPa) at the time the member is placed in service, typically 28 days. Minimum flexural cracking and tensile strengths of 1.5 and 2 ksi (10 and 14 MPa), respectively, according to ASTM C1609 testing specifications are required. In addition, strain-hardening and ductility requirements are specified. Tensile properties are shown to be more important for structural optimization than cylinder strength. Both building and bridge products are considered because the paper is focused on capacity rather than demand. Both service limit state and strength limit state are covered. When the contribution of fibers to capacity should be included and when they may be ignored is shown. It is further shown that the traditional equivalent rectangular stress block in compression can still be used to produce satisfactory results in prestressed concrete members. A spreadsheet workbook is offered online as a design tool. It is valid for multilayers of concrete of different strengths, rows of reinforcing bars of different grades, and prestressing strands. It produces moment-curvature diagrams and flexural capacity at ultimate strain. A fully worked-out example of a 250 ft (76.2 m) span decked I-beam of optimized shape is given.

scholarly journals Hugoniot Data and Equation of State Parameters for an Ultra-High Performance Concrete

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sauer ◽  
F. Bagusat ◽  
M.-L. Ruiz-Ripoll ◽  
C. Roller ◽  
M. Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Particle Velocities

AbstractThis work aims at the characterization of a modern concrete material. For this purpose, we perform two experimental series of inverse planar plate impact (PPI) tests with the ultra-high performance concrete B4Q, using two different witness plate materials. Hugoniot data in the range of particle velocities from 180 to 840 m/s and stresses from 1.1 to 7.5 GPa is derived from both series. Within the experimental accuracy, they can be seen as one consistent data set. Moreover, we conduct corresponding numerical simulations and find a reasonably good agreement between simulated and experimentally obtained curves. From the simulated curves, we derive numerical Hugoniot results that serve as a homogenized, mean shock response of B4Q and add further consistency to the data set. Additionally, the comparison of simulated and experimentally determined results allows us to identify experimental outliers. Furthermore, we perform a parameter study which shows that a significant influence of the applied pressure dependent strength model on the derived equation of state (EOS) parameters is unlikely. In order to compare the current results to our own partially reevaluated previous work and selected recent results from literature, we use simulations to numerically extrapolate the Hugoniot results. Considering their inhomogeneous nature, a consistent picture emerges for the shock response of the discussed concrete and high-strength mortar materials. Hugoniot results from this and earlier work are presented for further comparisons. In addition, a full parameter set for B4Q, including validated EOS parameters, is provided for the application in simulations of impact and blast scenarios.

Prestress Loss Measurements in Missouri's First Fully Instrumented High-Performance Concrete Bridge

2005 ◽  
Vol 1928 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumin Yang ◽  
John J. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Prestress Loss ◽  
Prestress Losses ◽  
Concrete Girders ◽  
Allowable Stresses ◽  
Loss Estimate

Prestress losses have a direct impact on concrete stress development and deflection behavior of highway bridge members. A poor estimate of prestress losses can result in a structure in which allowable stresses are exceeded or camber and deflection behavior is poorly predicted, such that the serviceability of a structure may be adversely affected. This paper reports the prestress losses observed throughout fabrication, shipment, erection, and the first 2 years of service for the first high-performance superstructure concrete bridge in Missouri. The prestress losses investigated included prerelease losses, elastic shortening losses, relaxation losses, creep losses, and shrinkage losses. Results from the study were compared with eight commonly used loss estimate models for total prestress losses, including AASHTO and Prestressed Concrete Institute methods. Recommendations were proposed by the authors for the most appropriate methodology to use to predict prestress losses in high-strength concrete girders accurately.

scholarly journals Ground Glass Pozzolan in Conventional, High, and Ultra-High Performance Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 01005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezki Tagnit-Hamou ◽  
Ablam Zidol ◽  
Nancy Soliman ◽  
Joris Deschamps ◽  
Ahmed Omran
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Material ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
And Performance

Ground-glass pozzolan (G) obtained by grinding the mixed-waste glass to same fineness of cement can act as a supplementary-cementitious material (SCM), given that it is an amorphous and a pozzolanic material. The G showed promising performances in different concrete types such as conventional concrete (CC), high-performance concrete (HPC), and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The current paper reports on the characteristics and performance of G in these concrete types. The use of G provides several advantages (technological, economical, and environmental). It reduces the production cost of concrete and decrease the carbon footprint of a traditional concrete structures. The rheology of fresh concrete can be improved due to the replacement of cement by non-absorptive glass particles. Strength and rigidity improvements in the concrete containing G are due to the fact that glass particles act as inclusions having a very high strength and elastic modulus that have a strengthening effect on the overall hardened matrix.

scholarly journals Flexural Strength Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Members with Ultra High Performance Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baek-Il Bae ◽  
Hyun-Ki Choi ◽  
Chang-Sik Choi
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Strain Softening ◽  
Steel Fiber ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Tension Stress ◽  
Compression Stress ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Stress Block

Flexural strength evaluation models for steel fiber reinforced ultra high strength concrete were suggested and evaluated with test results. Suggested flexural strength models were composed of compression stress blocks and tension stress blocks. Rectangular stress block, triangular stress block, and real distribution shape of stress were used on compression side. Under tension, rectangular stress block distributed to whole area of tension side and partial area of tension side was used. The last model for tension side is realistic stress distribution. All these models were verified with test result which was carried out in this study. Test was conducted by four-point loading with 2,000 kN actuator for slender beam specimen. Additional verifications were carried out with previous researches on flexural strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete or ultra high strength concrete. Total of 21 test specimens were evaluated. As a result of comparison for flexural strength of section, neutral axis depth at ultimate state, models with triangular compression stress block, and strain-softening type tension stress block can be used as exact solution for ultra high performance concrete. For the conservative and convenient design of section, modified rectangular stress block model can be used with strain softening type tension stress block.

Time-Dependent Prestress Losses in Prestressed Concrete Girders Built of High-Performance Concrete

1997 ◽  
Vol 1594 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Myint Lwin ◽  
Bijan Khaleghi
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Prestress Losses ◽  
Concrete Girders ◽  
Prestressed Concrete Girders ◽  
Creep And Shrinkage

The Washington State Department of Transportation is one of several state departments of transportation involved in demonstration projects to acquire information and data on the design, fabrication, and construction of prestressed concrete bridges with high-performance concrete (HPC). Predicting the time-dependent prestress losses due to the creep and shrinkage of HPC and the relaxation of prestressing steel is difficult because of the limited experience with and data on the creep and shrinkage properties of HPC. The AASHTO load resistance factor design specification approach to estimating prestress losses is discussed, and the time-step method and the modified rate-of-creep method are introduced as ways of predicting more accurately the time-dependent prestress losses. A design example is used to compare and discuss numerically the prestress losses computed by the various methods. The modified rate-of-creep analysis method yields the lowest losses. The modified rate-of-creep method is a desirable, comprehensive, applicable, and practical method for estimating time-dependent prestress losses in composite and noncomposite prestressed concrete girders with HPC. This method is suitable for manual and electronic computation.

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