scholarly journals Two maximal isometric contractions attenuate the magnitude of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Lian Chen ◽  
Kazunori Nosaka ◽  
Alan J. Pearce ◽  
Trevor C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Isometric Contractions ◽  
Elbow Flexors ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study investigated whether maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVC-ISO) would attenuate the magnitude of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. Young untrained men were placed into one of the two experimental groups or one control group (n = 13 per group). Subjects in the experimental groups performed either two or 10 MVC-ISO of the elbow flexors at a long muscle length (20° flexion) 2 days prior to 30 maximal isokinetic eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors. Subjects in the control group performed the eccentric contractions without MVC-ISO. No significant changes in maximal voluntary concentric contraction peak torque, peak torque angle, range of motion, upper arm circumference, plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity and myoglobin concentration, muscle soreness, and ultrasound echo intensity were evident after MVC-ISO. Changes in the variables following eccentric contractions were smaller (P < 0.05) for the 2 MVC-ISO group (e.g., peak torque loss at 5 days after exercise, 23% ± 3%; peak CK activity, 1964 ± 452 IU·L–1; peak muscle soreness, 46 ± 4 mm) or the 10 MVC-ISO group (13% ± 3%, 877 ± 198 IU·L–1, 30 ± 4 mm) compared with the control (34% ± 4%, 6192 ± 1747 IU·L–1, 66 ± 5 mm). The 10 MVC-ISO group showed smaller (P < 0.05) changes in all variables following eccentric contractions compared with the 2 MVC-ISO group. Therefore, two MVC-ISO conferred potent protective effects against muscle damage, whereas greater protective effect was induced by 10 MVC-ISO, which can be used as a strategy to minimize muscle damage.

Ultrasound Treatment and Recovery from Eccentric-Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Tiidus ◽  
Joel Cort ◽  
Sarah J. Woodruff ◽  
Pamela Bryden
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Ultrasound Treatment ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Random Assignment ◽  
Elbow Angle ◽  
Exercise Induced

Objectives:To evaluate ultrasound’s effectiveness after eccentric-exercise-induced muscle damage.Participants:22 subjects.Intervention:Random assignment to ultrasound (UT) or placebo (PT). Ultrasound was applied immediately and 24, 48, and 72 h after 50 maximum eccentric contractions of the biceps.Outcome Measures:Concentric and eccentric peak torques, resting elbow angle, and subjective muscle soreness were measured before and 24, 48, 72, and 96 h afterward.Results:No significant differences between UT and PT for biceps concentric or eccentric peak torque were noted. Both groups exhibited significant (P< .01) depression in eccentric and concentric peak torques with a slow return toward preexercise values over 96 h. Resting elbow angles for both groups were significantly lower than preexercise values up to 96 h (P< .01). Muscle soreness increased significantly (P< .05) at 24 and 48 h and returned to preexercise levels by 96 h.Conclusions:Daily ultrasound did not influence recovery after eccentric-exercise-induced muscle damage.

Effect of two maximal isometric contractions on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the elbow flexors

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 1545-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor C. Chen ◽  
Hsin-Lian Chen ◽  
Ming-Ju Lin ◽  
Che-Hsiu Chen ◽  
Alan J. Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Isometric Contractions ◽  
Elbow Flexors ◽  
Exercise Induced

Striking muscle adaptations induced by volume-dependent repeated bouts of low-intensity eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor C. Chen ◽  
Wei-Chin Tseng ◽  
Hsin-Lian Chen ◽  
Kuo-Wei Tseng ◽  
Tai-Ying Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elbow Flexors ◽  
Muscle Adaptation ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Damage Protection

We investigated the effects of repeating 30 low-intensity eccentric contractions with a dumbbell corresponding to 10% maximal isometric strength (10%EC) on muscle strength and hypertrophy, and muscle damage after 30 maximal eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors (MaxEC). Young men were placed to one of three experimental groups that performed 10%EC either once, twice a week for four (eight bouts) or eight weeks (16 bouts) before MaxEC, or a control group that performed two bouts of MaxEC separated by two weeks (n=13/group). Repeating 16 bouts of 10%EC increased (P<0.05) maximal voluntary contraction strength (30±21%) and muscle thickness (4.2±2.3%) greater than eight bouts (16±4%, 1.9±1.3%). Changes in the muscle damage markers after MaxEC were smaller (P<0.05) for the experimental groups than the control group, and the magnitude of muscle damage protection was greater (P<0.05) after 16 (65±30%) than 8 bouts (55±33%), followed by one bout (34±27%). The protection by 16 bouts was similar (P=0.81) to that shown by the second MaxEC of the control group. These results showed that 10%EC produced potent muscle adaptation effects accumulatively and conferred muscle damage protection, but one bout of 10%EC was still effective for conferring approximately 20% of the protection of that by 16 bouts. Novelty bullets: ●Repeating low-intensity eccentric exercise induces large increases in muscle strength and hypertrophy. ●Low-intensity eccentric exercise protects muscle damage induced by maximal eccentric contractions, and the protection is reinforced by repeating it. ●These are especially beneficial for individuals who are frail and cannot tolerate high-intensity resistance training.

Sex differences in intracellular Ca2+ accumulation following eccentric contractions of rat skeletal muscle in vivo

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (4) ◽  
pp. R1006-R1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Sonobe ◽  
Tadakatsu Inagaki ◽  
Mizuki Sudo ◽  
David C. Poole ◽  
Yutaka Kano
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Intermediate Response ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Resting Muscle

It is commonly believed that estrogen and sex influences play significant effects in skeletal muscle damage following eccentric exercise. The mechanistic bases for this sex-specific phenomenon remain to be resolved. The muscle damage has been linked to loss of Ca2+ homeostasis and resultant intramyocyte Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) accumulation; therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the greater eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage in males would be associated with more pronounced [Ca2+]i accumulation. The intact spinotrapezius muscle of adult Wistar rats [male, female, and ovariectomized (OVX)—to investigate the effects of estrogen] was exteriorized. Tetanic eccentric contractions (100 Hz, 700-ms duration, 20 contractions/min for a total of 10 sets of 50 contractions) were elicited by electrical stimulation during synchronized muscle stretch of 10% resting muscle length. The fluorescence ratio (F340/F380 nm) was determined from images captured following each set of contractions, and fura-2 AM was used to estimate [Ca2+]i and changes thereof. Following eccentric contractions, [Ca2+]i increased significantly in male (42.8 ± 5.3%, P < 0.01) but not in female (9.4 ± 3.5%) rats. OVX evidenced an intermediate response (17.0 ± 1.2%) that remained significantly reduced compared with males. These results demonstrate that females maintain [Ca2+]i homeostasis following novel eccentric contractions, whereas males do not, which is consistent with a role for elevated [Ca2+]i in eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. The presence of normal estrogen levels is not obligatory for the difference between the sexes.

Low-intensity eccentric contractions of the knee extensors and flexors protect against muscle damage

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1004-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Ju Lin ◽  
Trevor Chung-Ching Chen ◽  
Hsin-Lian Chen ◽  
Bo-Han Wu ◽  
Kazunori Nosaka
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Low Intensity

This study investigated the magnitude and duration of the protective effect of low-intensity eccentric contractions (LowEC) against damage induced by maximal eccentric contractions (MaxEC) of the knee flexors (KF) and extensors (KE). Young men were assigned to 8 experimental groups and 2 control groups (n = 13/group); the experimental groups performed LowEC of KF or KE 2 days (2d), 1 week (1wk), 2 weeks (2wk), or 3 weeks (3wk) before MaxEC, while the control groups performed MaxEC of KF or KE without LowEC. The 2d, 1wk, 2wk, and 3wk groups performed 30 LowEC of KF or 60 LowEC of KE with a load of 10% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction strength on a resistance-training machine, and all groups performed 30 MaxEC of KF or 60 MaxEC of KE on an isokinetic dynamometer. Several muscle damage markers were measured from before to 2 days after exercise (LowEC) or from before to 5 days after exercise (MaxEC). No significant changes in any variables were evident after LowEC. The changes in all variables after MaxEC were smaller (P < 0.05) for the 2d and 1wk groups (e.g., peak creatine kinase activity: 1002 ± 501 IU/L; peak muscle soreness: 13 ± 5 mm) than for the control group (peak creatine kinase activity: 3005 ± 983 IU/L; peak muscle soreness 28 ± 6 mm) for both KE and KF. There were no significant differences between the 2d and 1wk groups or among the 2wk, 3wk, and control groups. These results show that LowEC provided 30%–66% protection against damage induced by MaxEC of KF and KE, and the protective effect lasted 1 week.

Protective effect by maximal isometric contractions against maximal eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the knee extensors

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Wei Tseng ◽  
Wei-Chin Tseng ◽  
Ming-Ju Lin ◽  
Hsin-Lian Chen ◽  
Kazunori Nosaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Isometric Contractions ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Physiological and Neural Adaptations to Eccentric Exercise: Mechanisms and Considerations for Training

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nosratollah Hedayatpour ◽  
Deborah Falla
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Motor Unit ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Neural Adaptations ◽  
Neuromuscular Adaptations ◽  
Exercise Induced

Eccentric exercise is characterized by initial unfavorable effects such as subcellular muscle damage, pain, reduced fiber excitability, and initial muscle weakness. However, stretch combined with overload, as in eccentric contractions, is an effective stimulus for inducing physiological and neural adaptations to training. Eccentric exercise-induced adaptations include muscle hypertrophy, increased cortical activity, and changes in motor unit behavior, all of which contribute to improved muscle function. In this brief review, neuromuscular adaptations to different forms of exercise are reviewed, the positive training effects of eccentric exercise are presented, and the implications for training are considered.

Continuous Compression as an Effective Therapeutic Intervention in Treating Eccentric-Exercise-Induced Muscle Soreness

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Kraemer ◽  
Jill A. Bush ◽  
Robbin B. Wickham ◽  
Craig R. Denegar ◽  
Ana L. Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Soft Tissue Injury ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Exercise Induced

Context:Prior investigations using ice, massage, or exercise have not shown efficacy in relieving delayed-onset muscle soreness.Objectives:To determine whether a compression sleeve worn immediately after maximal eccentric exercise enhances recovery.Design:Randomized, controlled clinical study.Setting:University sports medicine laboratory.Participants:Fifteen healthy, non-strength-trained men, matched for physical criteria, randomly placed in a control group or a continuous compression-sleeve group (CS).Methods and Measures:Subjects performed 2 sets of 50 arm curls. 1RM elbow flexion at 60°/s, upper-arm circumference, resting-elbow angle, serum creatine kinase (CK), and perception-of-soreness data were collected before exercise and for 3 days.Results:CK was significantly (P< .05) elevated from the baseline value in both groups, although the elevation in the CS group was less. CS prevented loss of elbow extension, decreased subjects’ perception of soreness, reduced swelling, and promoted recovery of force production.Conclusions:Compression is important in soft-tissue-injury management.

scholarly journals Effects of Isometric Contractions on Eccentric Exercise-induced Muscle Damage of the Knee Extensors

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 677-678
Author(s):  
Kun-Xian Lin ◽  
Hsiu-Hua Wang ◽  
Kuo-Wei Tseng ◽  
Wei-Chin Tseng ◽  
Ming-Ju Lin
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Isometric Contractions ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals EFEITO DA MASSOTERAPIA NOS SINTOMAS DA DOR MUSCULAR TARDIA

1970 ◽  
Vol 79 (148) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Cabral Silva ◽  
Charles de Souza Vieira ◽  
Lucas Pereira Lopes de Souza ◽  
Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Group Control

Resumo: A dor muscular tardia está associada a exercícios não-acostumados principalmente de natureza excêntrica, tendo seu pico entre 24-72h e caracteriza se pelo aparecimento de dor, rigidez, edema e redução na amplitude de movimento (ADM). O estudo tem como objetivo observar os efeitos da massoterapia sobre os sintomas da dor muscular tardia. Vinte voluntários foram divididos de forma aleatória em dois grupos contendo dez pessoas cada, onde ambos realizaram 3 séries com 10 contrações excêntricas sub-máximas do músculo tríceps sural, sendo um grupo controle e outro submetido a um protocolo de massoterapia logo após o exercício. Foram avaliadas ADM de joelho e tornozelo, perimetria da perna e a dor através da escala visual analógica. Essas avaliações ocorreram antes, após, 24, 48 e 72 horas após o protocolo de exercício. A análise estatística foi feita por meio do teste ANOVA pos hoc Tukey, com nível de significância de 5%. O grupo controle e o grupo de massoterapia apresentaram pico de dor 48 horas após o exercício. O grupo controle ainda apresentou diminuição do movimento de extensão ativa da articulação do joelho, enquanto o grupo que sofreu a intervenção não apresentou alterações significantes na amplitude de movimento. Conclui-se que a técnica é eficaz para evitar a redução de amplitude de extensão ativa do joelho, porém não reduz a dor após um exercício excêntrico não acostumado.Abstract: Delayed on-set muscle soreness is associated with unaccustomed exercise mainly eccentric nature, the intensity of soreness increases during the first 24-72 hours and it is characterized by appearance of pain, stiffness, swelling and reduction in range of motion (ROM). The objective of this study was to observe the effect of the massage on the symptoms of delayed on-set muscle soreness. Twenty volunteers were randomly assigned to either a massage or control group. The volunteers realized 3 sets of 10 submaximal eccentric contractions of the triceps sural muscle. ROM of knee and ankle, perimetry of the leg and pain were evaluated. These evaluations occurred before, after, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the exercise protocol. The statistics analysis was evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey pos hoc test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The control and massage groups presented peak of pain 48 hours after the exercise. The group control still presented reduction of the movement of active extension of the knee joint, while the group that suffered the intervention did not present significant alterations in the range of motion. The massage technique is efficient to prevent the reduction of range of active knee extension, however does not reduce pain after an unaccustomed eccentric exercise.

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