The effect of sports specialization on musculus quadriceps function after exercise-induced muscle damage

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 873-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albertas Skurvydas ◽  
Marius Brazaitis ◽  
Tomas Venckūnas ◽  
Sigitas Kamandulis ◽  
Aleksas Stanislovaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Central Fatigue ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Exercise Induced

The primary aim of the present study was to examine the effect of eccentric exercise-induced (100 submaximal eccentric contractions at an angular velocity of 60° s–1, with 20-s rest intervals) muscle damage on peripheral and central fatigue of quadriceps muscle in well-trained long-distance runners, sprint runners, volleyball players, and untrained subjects. We found that (i) indirect symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage (prolonged decrease in maximal voluntary contraction, isokinetic concentric torque, and electrically induced (20 Hz) torque) were most evident in untrained subjects, while there were no significant differences in changes of muscle soreness and plasma creatine kinase 48 h after eccentric exercise between athletes and untrained subjects; (ii) low-frequency fatigue was greater in untrained subjects and volleyball players than in sprint runners and long-distance runners; (iii) in all subjects, electrically induced (100 Hz) torque decreased significantly by about 20%, while central activation ratio decreased significantly by about 8% in untrained subjects and sprint runners, and by about 3%–5% in long-distance runners and volleyball players. Thus, trained subjects showed greater resistance to exercise-induced muscle damage for most markers, and long-distance runners had no advantage over sprint runners or volleyball players.

scholarly journals Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use and Endurance During Running in Male Long-Distance Runners

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Da Silva ◽  
Ronei S. Pinto ◽  
Eduardo L. Cadore ◽  
Luiz F. Kruel
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Inflammatory Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Ibuprofen Group

Context: The effect of ibuprofen on pain tolerance during exercise is controversial, and its effects on endurance performance have been poorly investigated. Objective: To investigate the effect of prophylactic administration of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen on the time until the self-report of fatigue (tlim) in runners with exercise-induced muscle damage. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty healthy male long-distance runners (age = 18.8 ± 0.4 years, maximal oxygen consumption = 55.5 ± 5.9 mL·kg−1·min−1). Intervention(s): Participants were assigned to 2 groups (ibuprofen group = 10, placebo group = 10) to perform tlim trials (speed corresponded to their previously determined secondventilatory thresholds) 48 hours before and 48 hours after the induction of a lower limb muscle-damage protocol (isokinetic dynamometry). One hour before the second tlim trial, the ibuprofen group received 1.2 g ibuprofen, and the placebo group received lactose orally. Main Outcome Measure(s): Time until self-reported fatigue, heart rate, respiratory quotient, oxygen consumption, and perceived exertion were recorded during each tlim test. Results: Both groups reported increases in muscle pain in the knee extensors and flexors 48 hours after the muscle-damage protocol. We observed a reduction in the endurance performance of both groups (P < .01) but no difference between groups (P = .55). Conclusions: Ibuprofen did not reduce the effect of muscle damage and pain on performance. Prophylactic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs did not have an ergogenic effect on running performance after exercise-induced muscle damage in male long-distance runners.

scholarly journals Cryotherapy Models and Timing-Sequence Recovery of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Middle- and Long-Distance Runners

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-335
Author(s):  
Chaoyi Qu ◽  
Zhaozhao Wu ◽  
Minxiao Xu ◽  
Fei Qin ◽  
Yanan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Recovery Methods

Context Among sports-recovery methods, cold-water immersion (CWI), contrast-water therapy (CWT), and whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) have been applied widely to enhance recovery after strenuous exercise. However, the different timing effects in exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) after these recovery protocols remain unknown. Objective To compare the effects of CWI, CWT, and WBC on the timing-sequence recovery of EIMD through different indicator responses. Design Crossover study. Setting Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Twelve male middle- and long-distance runners from the Beijing Sport University (age = 21.00 ± 0.95 years). Intervention(s) Participants were treated with different recovery methods (control [CON], CWI, CWT, WBC) immediately postexercise and at 24, 48, and 72 hours postexercise. Main Outcome Measure(s) We measured perceived sensation using a visual analog scale (VAS), plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity, plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) activity, and vertical-jump height (VJH) pre-exercise, immediately postexercise, and at 1, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours postexercise. Results For the VAS score and CK activity, WBC exhibited better timing-sequence recovery effects than CON and CWI (P < .05), but the CWT demonstrated better effects than CON (P < .05). The CRP activity was lower after WBC than after the other interventions (P < .05). The VJH was lower after WBC than after CON and CWI (P < .05). Conclusions The WBC positively affected VAS, CK, CRP, and VJH associated with EIMD. The CWT and CWI also showed positive effects. However, for the activity and timing-sequence effect, CWT had weaker effects than WBC.

Effect of Whole-Body Periodic Acceleration on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage after Eccentric Exercise

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Serravite ◽  
Arlette Perry ◽  
Kevin A. Jacobs ◽  
Jose A. Adams ◽  
Kysha Harriell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodic Acceleration ◽  
Exercise Induced

Purpose:To examine the effects of whole-body periodic acceleration (pGz) on exercise-induced-muscle-damage (EIMD) -related symptoms induced by unaccustomed eccentric arm exercise.Methods:Seventeen active young men (23.4 ± 4.6 y) made 6 visits to the research facility over a 2-wk period. On day 1, subjects performed a 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) elbowflexion test and were randomly assigned to the pGz (n = 8) or control group (n = 9). Criterion measurements were taken on day 2, before and immediately after performance of the eccentric-exercise protocol (10 sets, 10 repetitions using 120% 1RM) and after the recovery period. During subsequent sessions (24, 48, 72, and 96 h) these data were collected before pGz or passive recovery. Measurements included isometric strength (maximal voluntary contraction [MVC]), blood markers (creatine kinase, myoglobin, IL-6, TNF-α, TBARS, PGF2α, protein carbonyls, uric acid, and nitrites), soreness, pain, circumference, and range of motion (ROM).Results:Significantly higher MVC values were seen for pGz throughout the recovery period. Within-group differences were seen in myoglobin, IL-6, IL-10, protein carbonyls, soreness, pain, circumference, and ROM showing small negative responses and rapid recovery for the pGz condition.Conclusion:Our results demonstrate that pGz can be an effective tool for the reduction of EIMD and may contribute to the training-adaptation cycle by speeding up the recovery of the body due to its performance-loss-lessening effect.

The effects of acute alcohol consumption and eccentric muscle damage on neuromuscular function

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew. J. Barnes ◽  
Toby Mündel ◽  
Stephen R. Stannard
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Voluntary Activation ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Exercise Time ◽  
Exercise Induced

Voluntary and electrically stimulated muscular performance was examined to identify the effects of acute alcohol consumption on neuromuscular function in the presence and absence of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). After initial neuromuscular performance measures were made, 12 subjects completed a bout of eccentric exercise (EX) using the quadriceps muscles of 1 leg while the remaining 11 subjects did not exercise (NX). Subjects then consumed either an alcoholic beverage containing 1 g·kg–1body weight (ALC) or a nonalcoholic beverage (OJ). On another occasion the contralateral leg of both groups was tested and those in the EX group performed an equivalent bout of eccentric exercise after which the other beverage was consumed. Measurements of neuromuscular function were made pre-exercise and 36 and 60 h post-beverage consumption. Creatine kinase (CK) was measured pre-exercise and at 12, 36, and 60 h. Significantly greater (p < 0.01) decrements in maximal voluntary isometric contraction were observed with EX ALC at 36 and 60 h compared with EX OJ, and no change was seen in the NX group. Significant decreases in voluntary activation were observed at 36 h (p = 0.003) and 60 h (p = 0.01) with EX ALC only. Elevations in CK were observed at all posteccentric exercise time points (all p < 0.05) under both EX OJ and ALC. No change in electromyography or low-frequency fatigue was observed under either treatment in either group. These results suggest that decreased neural drive appears to contribute to alcohol’s effect on the magnitude of EIMD-related decrements in voluntary force generation.

Effect of training on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1545-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Balnave ◽  
M. W. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
Low Frequency Fatigue ◽  
Time Courses ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Protein Response

Eccentric muscle contractions generate delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), possibly as a result of the high tensions involved causing muscle damage. Muscle function, serum indicators of muscle damage, and DOMS were investigated throughout a training regimen that involved a 40-min eccentric walk down a 25% gradient on a treadmill at 6.4 km/h once a week for 8 wk. Serum creatine kinase and myoglobin concentrations were used as indicators of muscle damage, and both demonstrated a delayed increase after the exercise protocol. The muscles that contracted eccentrically exhibited low-frequency fatigue, as well as decreases in muscle fatigability and maximal voluntary contraction force, which were greatest immediately postexercise. Although the results show that training reduces DOMS, the serum muscle protein response, and muscle function impairment, the time courses of these adaptations are different. It is suggested that the function of the muscle can be impaired without apparent muscle damage.

scholarly journals No Effect of Tart Cherry Juice or Pomegranate Juice on Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Non-Resistance Trained Men

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstie L. Lamb ◽  
Mayur K. Ranchordas ◽  
Elizabeth Johnson ◽  
Jessica Denning ◽  
Faye Downing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Pomegranate Juice ◽  
Elbow Flexors ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Cherry Juice ◽  
Exercise Induced

Tart cherry juice (TC) and pomegranate juice (POM) have been demonstrated to reduce symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), but their effectiveness has not been compared. This randomized, double-blind, parallel study compared the effects of TC and POM on markers of EIMD. Thirty-six non-resistance trained men (age 24.0 (Interquartile Range (IQR) 22.0, 33.0) years, body mass index (BMI) 25.6 ± 4.0 kg·m−2) were randomly allocated to consume 2 × 250 mL of: TC, POM, or an energy-matched fruit-flavored placebo drink twice daily for nine days. On day 5, participants undertook eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors of their non-dominant arm. Pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, and at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h post-exercise, maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC), delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), creatine kinase (CK), and range of motion (ROM) were measured. The exercise protocol induced significant decreases in MIVC (p < 0.001; max decrease of 26.8%, 24 h post-exercise) and ROM (p = 0.001; max decrease of 6.8%, 72 h post-exercise) and significant increases in CK (p = 0.03; max increase 1385 U·L−1, 96 h post-exercise) and DOMS (p < 0.001; max increase of 26.9 mm, 48 h post-exercise). However, there were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups (main effect of group p > 0.05 or group x time interaction p > 0.05). These data suggest that in non-resistance trained men, neither TC nor POM enhance recovery from high-force eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors.

scholarly journals Comparison of Y-Balance Test Performance by maturation status in youth distance runners

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0008
Author(s):  
Mitchell J. Rauh ◽  
Micah C. Garcia ◽  
David M. Bazett-Jones ◽  
Jason T. Long ◽  
Kevin R. Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Limb Length ◽  
Distance Running ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle Strength ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Distance running is a popular interscholastic sport, but also has an associated high risk of running-related injuries. Recent literature suggests that functional tests may help to identify athletes at increased risk of injury. The Y-Balance Test (YBT) is an objective measure used to assess functional muscle strength and balance and to expose asymmetries between tested limbs. Purpose: To determine if YBT performance was associated with maturation status in healthy, youth distance runners. We hypothesized that mid-pubertal (MP) runners would demonstrate less functional reach distance than pre-pubertal (PrP) or post-pubertal (PoP) runners. Methods: A convenience sample of 142 (Females: n=79, Males: n=63) uninjured youth runners (ages 13.5±2.7 years; weekly running distance: 18.2±20.4 km) were recruited from the local community. All runners met inclusion criteria, indicating that they were between 9 and 19 years old and participated in long-distance running activities such as school/club track and field, cross country, road races, trail running, and/or soccer. The runners completed a modified Pubertal Maturational Observation Scale (PMOS), then were screened for right (R) and left (L) anterior (ANT), posteromedial (PM) and posterolateral (PL) reach distances (cm) normalized by lower limb length (cm). Composite reach distance was calculated by the sum of the three reach distances divided by three times the limb length multiplied by 100 for R and L limbs. ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to compare maximum normalized reach distances for the three directions and composite reach distance by maturation status and sex. Results: Overall, 31.7% were classified as PrP status, 26.1% as MP, and 42.3% as PoP, with similar percentages by sex ( p=0.84). The only significant mean difference was found for R ANT maximum normalized reach distance between PrP and PoP ( p=0.02), indicating a greater normalized reach in PrP athletes. No significant mean differences were found for R or L PM and PL maximum normalized reach distances, or for R or L composite reach distances, by maturation status or when stratified by maturation and sex ( p>0.05). Conclusions: In this sample of youth runners, the YBT was only a discriminator of anterior reach distance between pre-pubertal and post-pubertal runners. As decreased anterior reach is associated with reduced quadriceps muscle strength and anterior knee pain, reduced anterior reach in post-pubertal runners may potentially signify an increased risk of sustaining a running-related injury. Thus, preventive efforts to ensure good functional quadriceps muscle strength may be merited.

scholarly journals Preconditioning by light-load eccentric exercise is equally effective as low-level laser therapy in attenuating exercise-induced muscle damage in collegiate men

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 10 ◽  
pp. 2213-2221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar Nausheen ◽  
Jamal Ali Moiz ◽  
Shahid Raza ◽  
Mohammed Yakub Shareef ◽  
Shahnawaz Anwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Level Laser ◽  
Light Load ◽  
Level Laser ◽  
Exercise Induced

Eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of pre-adolescent and adolescent boys in comparison to young men

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 1183-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor C. Chen ◽  
Hsin-Lian Chen ◽  
Yi-Chuen Liu ◽  
Kazunori Nosaka
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Exercise Induced

Effect of two maximal isometric contractions on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the elbow flexors

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 1545-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor C. Chen ◽  
Hsin-Lian Chen ◽  
Ming-Ju Lin ◽  
Che-Hsiu Chen ◽  
Alan J. Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Isometric Contractions ◽  
Elbow Flexors ◽  
Exercise Induced
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