Corrigendum: An acute bout of endurance exercise but not sprint interval exercise enhances insulin sensitivity

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-306
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Brestoff ◽  
Benjamin Clippinger ◽  
Thomas Spinella ◽  
Serge P. von Duvillard ◽  
Bradley C. Nindl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Interval Exercise

An acute bout of endurance exercise but not sprint interval exercise enhances insulin sensitivity

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Brestoff ◽  
Benjamin Clippinger ◽  
Thomas Spinella ◽  
Serge P. von Duvillard ◽  
Bradley Nindl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Highly Correlated

An acute bout of endurance exercise (EE) enhances insulin sensitivity, but the effects of sprint interval exercise (SIE) have not yet been described. We sought to compare insulin sensitivity at baseline and after an acute bout of EE and SIE in healthy men (n = 8) and women (n = 5) (age, 20.7 ± 0.3 years; peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak), 42.6 ± 1.7 mL·kg–1·min–1; <1.5 days·week–1 structured exercise; body fat, 21.1 ± 1.9%). Subjects underwent 3 oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) the day after each of the following 3 conditions: no exercise, baseline (OGTTB); SIE at ~125% VO2 peak (OGTTSIE); and EE at ~75% VO2 peak (OGTTEE). SIE and EE sessions were randomized for each subject. Subjects consumed identical meals the day preceding each OGTT. Two insulin sensitivity indices — composite whole-body insulin sensitivity index (ISI-COMP) and ISI-hepatic insulin sensitivity (HOMA) — were calculated, using previously validated formulas (ISI-COMP = 10 000/√(glucosefasting × insulinfasting × glucosemean OGTT × insulinmean OGTT); ISI-HOMA = 22.5/(insulinfasting × glucosefasting)), and the plasma concentrations of cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured. There were no differences by sex for any condition (men vs. women, p > 0.05). Pearson’s correlation coefficients between ISI-COMP and ISI-HOMA for each condition were highly correlated (p < 0.01), and followed similar patterns of response. ISI-COMPEE was 71.4% higher than ISI-COMPB (8.4 ± 1.4 vs. 4.9 ± 1.0; p < 0.01) and 40.0% higher than ISI-COMPSIE (8.4 ± 1.4 vs. 6.0 ± 1.5; p < 0.05), but there was no difference between ISI-COMPB and ISI-COMPSIE (p = 0.182). VO2 peak was highly correlated with both ISI-COMP and ISI-HOMA during baseline and SIE test conditions (p < 0.02). These findings demonstrate that an acute bout of EE, but not SIE, increases insulin sensitivity relative to a no-exercise control condition in healthy males and females. While these findings underscore the use of regular EE as an effective intervention strategy against insulin resistance, additional research examining repeated sessions of SIE on insulin sensitivity is warranted.

Improved Insulin Sensitivity Following an Acute Bout of High Intensity Interval Exercise is Race Specific

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Carter ◽  
Gordon Fisher ◽  
Eric P. Plaisance ◽  
Barbara A. Gower ◽  
Gary R. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Higher mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation following intermittent versus continuous endurance exercise training

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 891-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Chilibeck ◽  
G J Bell ◽  
R P Farrar ◽  
T P Martin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Endurance Exercise Training ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid

It has been well documented that skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation can be elevated by continuous endurance exercise training. However, it remains questionable whether similar adaptations can be induced with intermittent interval exercise training. This study was undertaken to directly compare the rates of fatty acid oxidation in isolated subsarcolemmal (SS) and intermyofibrillar (IMF) mitochondria following these different exercise training regimes. Mitochondria were isolated from the gastrocnemius-plantaris muscles of male Sprague-Dawley rats following exercise training 6 days per week for 12 weeks. Exercise training consisted of either continuous, submaximal, endurance treadmill running (n = 10) or intermittent, high intensity, interval running (n = 10). Both modes of training enhanced the oxidation of palmityl-carnitine-malate in both mitochondrial populations (p < 0.05). However, the increase associated with the intermittent, high intensity exercise training was significantly greater than that achieved with the continuous exercise training (p < 0.05). Also, the increases associated with the IMF mitochondria were greater than the SS mitochondria (p < 0.05). These data suggest that high intensity, intermittent interval exercise training is more effective for stimulation of fatty acid oxidation than continuous submaximal exercise training and that this adaptation occurs preferentially within IMF mitochondria.Key words: muscle, subsarcolemmal mitochondria, intermyofibrillar mitochondria.

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular Response to an Acute Bout of Short Interval High Intensity Interval Exercise and Recovery in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicen A. Whitaker ◽  
Stacey E. Aaron ◽  
Carolyn S. Kaufman ◽  
Brady K. Kurtz ◽  
Stephen X. Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
End Tidal

Introduction: High intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is performed widely. However, the field possesses limited knowledge regarding the acute HIIE cerebrovascular response. Our objective was to characterize the middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) response during an acute bout of short interval HIIE in healthy adults. We hypothesized MCAv would decrease below BL 1) during HIIE, 2) following HIIE, 3) and 30-minutes after HIIE. As a secondary objective, we investigated sex differences in the MCAv response during HIIE. Methods: Fourteen healthy adults (7 male) completed the HIIE session. The 10-minute HIIE session included alternating 1-minute bouts of high-intensity and low-intensity intervals. MCAv, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and expired end tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2), were recorded at BL, during HIIE, following HIIE, and 30-minutes after HIIE. Results: Contrary to our hypothesis, MCAv remained above BL for the HIIE duration. MCAv peaked at the third minute then decreased concomitantly with PETCO2. MCAv was lower than BL after HIIE (p=0.03). Thirty minutes after HIIE, MCAv returned to near BL values (p = 0.47). Women showed higher BL MCAv (x = 70.9 ± 8.1 cm/s) compared to men (x = 59.3 ± 5.8 cm/s, p = 0.01). A greater magnitude of MCAv response was observed in men resulting in non-significant differences during HIIE secondary to higher workload (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Collectively, these findings show that in healthy adults, MCAv remained above BL during a 10-minute short-interval HIIE and returned to resting values 30 minutes after exercise.

A low-calorie diet with or without interval exercise training improves adiposopathy in obese women

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Gilbertson ◽  
Natalie Z.M. Eichner ◽  
Emily M. Heiston ◽  
Julian M. Gaitán ◽  
Monique E. Francois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet

The objective of this study was to test if a low-calorie diet plus interval exercise (LCD+INT) improves adiposopathy, an endocrine dysfunction, when compared with an energy-deficit–matched LCD in obese women. Subjects (age: 48.2 ± 2.4 years, body mass index: 37.8 ± 1.3 kg/m2) were randomized to a 13-day LCD (n = 12; mixed meals of ∼1200 kcal/day) or LCD+INT (n = 12; 12 sessions of 60 min/day alternating 3 min at 50% and 90% peak heart rate). Exercise was estimated to expend 350 kcal per oxygen uptake–heart rate regression analysis and individuals were refed calories expended to match energy availability between groups. Absolute (post – pre caloric intake) and relative (total daily and exercise energy expenditure relative to calorie intake) energy deficits were calculated. Fitness (peak oxygen uptake) and body composition (BodPod; Cosmed USA Inc.) were measured and a 120-min, 75g oral glucose tolerance test was performed at pre- and post-intervention to assess adiposopathy (i.e., ratio of high molecular weight–adiponectin to leptin) and estimate insulin sensitivity. LCD and LCD+INT had similar absolute (P = 0.55) and relative (P = 0.76) energy deficits. LCD and LCD+INT had similar reductions in fat mass (both P < 0.001), despite LCD inducing greater weight loss (P = 0.02) than LCD+INT. Both treatments improved adiposopathy (P = 0.003) and peripheral insulin sensitivity (P = 0.02). Absolute energy deficit correlated to improved adiposopathy (r = –0.41, P = 0.05), and absolute and relative energy deficits were associated with increased insulin sensitivity (r = –0.47, P = 0.02; and r = –0.40, P = 0.05, respectively), independent of body composition changes and increased peak oxygen uptake. Taken together, LCD, with or without INT, improves adiposopathy in relation to insulin sensitivity in obese women, suggesting that a short-term energy deficit is key for reducing risk of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Low-Calorie Diet Plus Interval Exercise Training Improves Metabolic Flexibility and Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Gilbertson ◽  
Natalie Z.M. Eichner ◽  
Emily M. Heiston ◽  
Monique Francois ◽  
Julian M. Gaítan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Metabolic Flexibility ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet

scholarly journals The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Hypoxia on Cognition in Sedentary Young Adults

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengyan Sun ◽  
Paul D. Loprinzi ◽  
Hongwei Guan ◽  
Liye Zou ◽  
Zhaowei Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Response Accuracy ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Moderate Hypoxia ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background and Objectives: Limited research has evaluated the effects of acute exercise on cognition under different conditions of inspired oxygenation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIE) under normoxia (inspired fraction of oxygen (FIO2): 0.209) and moderate hypoxia (FIO2: 0.154) on cognitive function. Design: A single-blinded cross-over design was used to observe the main effects of exercise and oxygen level, and interaction effects on cognitive task performance. Methods: Twenty inactive adults (10 males and 10 females, 19–27 years old) performed a cognitive task (i.e., the Go/No-Go task) before and immediately after an acute bout of HIE under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The HIE comprised 10 repetitions of 6 s high-intensity cycling against 7.5% body weight interspersed with 30 s passive recovery. Heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and rating of perceived exertion were monitored. Results: The acute bout of HIE did not affect the reaction time (p = 0.204, η2 = 0.083) but the accuracy rate decreased significantly after HIE under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.467). Moreover, moderate hypoxia had no influence either on reaction time (p = 0.782, η2 = 0.004) or response accuracy (p = 0.972, η2 < 0.001). Conclusions: These results indicate that an acute session of HIE may impair response accuracy immediately post-HIE, without sacrificing reaction time. Meanwhile moderate hypoxia was found to have no adverse effect on cognitive function in inactive young adults, at least in the present study.

scholarly journals Pilot study: an acute bout of high intensity interval exercise increases 12.5 h GH secretion

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e13563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Deemer ◽  
Todd J. Castleberry ◽  
Chris Irvine ◽  
Daniel E. Newmire ◽  
Michael Oldham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
High Intensity Interval
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