Increase in depression symptoms with weight loss: association with glucose homeostasis and thyroid function

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽  
Hélène Arguin ◽  
Claudia Gagnon ◽  
Angelo Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Weight Loss Plateau

The purpose of this study was to assess the potential impact of weight loss up to a state of plateau on symptoms of depression. Eleven obese men (mean body mass index (BMI) = 33.4 kg·m–2, mean age = 38 y) participated in this repeated-measures, within-subjects, clinical intervention. They were subjected to a weight-loss program that consisted of a supervised diet and exercise clinical intervention. The phases investigated were (i) baseline; (ii) after 5 ± 1 kg loss of body mass (phase 1); (iii) after 10 ± 1 kg weight loss (phase 2); and (iv) at resistance to further weight loss (plateau). At each phase of the weight-reducing program, glucose homeostasis markers were determined using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (T3), and free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations were also measured and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was administered. The weight loss plateau occurred after 7.4 ± 1.9 months of intervention and corresponded to a loss of 11.2% of initial body weight (93.9% of which was from fat stores). This amount of weight loss induced a significant decrease in resting metabolic rate (RMR) (p < 0.05) and a significant increase in desire to eat (p < 0.05) and in depression symptoms (p < 0.01) compared with baseline. Intriguingly, the glucose area below fasting values (GABF) at plateau was significantly higher as compared with other phases of the program (p < 0.01). We found a strong negative correlation (r = –0.77, p < 0.01) between the change in glucose concentrations at 180 min of the OGTT and the change in BDI scores between plateau and baseline values. Similarly, highly significant relationships were found between the change in T3 or fT4 concentrations and the change in BDI scores (r = –0.71 and r = –0.68, respectively; p < 0.01). Weight loss until plateauing is associated with a trend toward hypoglycemia at the end of the oral glucose challenge and with a decrease in T3 and fT4 levels. These physiological changes are shown to be highly linked with the increase in depression symptoms observed at plateau. Taken together, these data emphasize the relevance of caution and reasonable objectives when prescribing a weight reduction program to obese individuals.

scholarly journals Plasma Ghrelin in Obesity before and after Weight Loss after Laparoscopical Adjustable Gastric Banding

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 3352-3358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Hanusch-Enserer ◽  
Edmund Cauza ◽  
Georg Brabant ◽  
Attila Dunky ◽  
Harald Rosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gastric Banding ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adjustable Gastric Banding ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severely Obese

Abstract Weight reduction after gastric bypass surgery has been attributed to a decrease of the orexigenic peptide ghrelin, which may be regulated by insulin and leptin. This study examined effects of long-term weight loss after laparoscopical adjustable gastric banding on plasma ghrelin and leptin concentrations and their relationship with insulin action. Severely obese patients (15 women, three men, 36 ± 12 yr) underwent clinical examinations every 3 months and modified oral glucose tolerance tests to assess parameters of insulin sensitivity and secretion every 6 months. After surgery, body mass index fell from 45.3 ± 5.3 to 37.2 ± 5.3 and 33.6 ± 5.5 kg/m2 at 6 and 12 months, respectively (P &lt; 0.0001). This was associated with lower (P &lt; 0.0001) plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Plasma leptin decreased from 27.6 ± 9.5 to 17.7 ± 9.8 (P = 0.0005) and 12.7 ± 5.1 ng/ml (P &lt; 0.0001). Plasma ghrelin was comparable before and at 6 months (234 ± 53; 232 ± 53 pmol/liter) but increased at 12 months (261 ± 72 pmol/liter; P = 0.05 vs. 6 months). At 6 and 12 months, ghrelin levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma insulin levels and hepatic insulin extraction but not with body mass or insulin action. In conclusion, prolonged weight loss results in a rise of fasting ghrelin concentrations that correlates with fasting insulin concentrations but not improvement of insulin sensitivity.

scholarly journals Extreme Rapid Weight Loss and Rapid Weight Gain Observed in UK Mixed Martial Arts Athletes Preparing for Competition

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph John Matthews ◽  
Ceri Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Mixed Martial Arts ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Repeated Measures Design

There is a lack of research documenting the weight-making practices of mixed-martial-arts (MMA) competitors. The purpose of the investigation was to quantify the magnitude and identify the methods of rapid weight loss (RWL) and rapid weight gain (RWG) in MMA athletes preparing for competition. Seven athletes (mean ± SD, age 24.6 ± 3.5 yrs, body mass 69.9 ± 5.7 kg, competitive experience 3.1 ± 2.2 yrs) participated in a repeated-measures design. Measures of dietary intake, urinary hydration status, and body mass were recorded in the week preceding competition. Body mass decreased significantly (p < .0005) from baseline by 5.6 ± 1.4 kg (8 ± 1.8%). During the RWG period (32 ± 1 hr) body mass increased significantly (p < .001) by 7.4 ± 2.8 kg (11.7 ± 4.7%), exceeding RWL. Mean energy and carbohydrate intake were 3176 ± 482 kcal・day-1 and 471 ± 124 g・day-1, respectively. At the official weigh-in 57% of athletes were dehydrated (1033 ± 19 mOsmol・kg-1) and the remaining 43% were severely dehydrated (1267 ± 47 mOsmol・kg-1). Athletes reported using harmful dehydration-based RWL strategies, including sauna (43%) and training in plastic suits (43%). Results demonstrated RWG greater than RWL, this is a novel finding and may be attributable to the 32 hr duration from weigh-in till competition. The observed magnitude of RWL and strategies used are comparable to those which have previously resulted in fatalities. Rule changes which make RWL impractical should be implemented with immediate effect to ensure the health, safety and wellbeing of competitors.

scholarly journals The Duke Employee Weight Loss Program: Report of a Duke Diet and Fitness Center Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Leonor Corsino ◽  
A. Garrett Hazelton ◽  
Howard Eisenson ◽  
Crystal Tyson ◽  
Laura P. Svetkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Baseline Weight ◽  
The Impact

Background: Obesity is increasingly prevalent in the industrialized world. Obese workers have two times the number of workers’ compensation claims as those of non-obese workers. Worksite interventions may be especially effective because employees spend a large part of their day in the work environment, and both employee and employer have incentives to improve the employees’ health.Objective: To assess the impact of a 4 week employee intervention in participant’s weight, body fat and blood pressure.Methods: This was a pilot study. We assessed feasibility and impact compared to baseline at 4 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months post-program. The primary outcomes were weight and body mass index. Secondary outcomes included percent body fat and blood pressure. Results: Forty participants consented to be part of the study. Baseline weight was 97.8 kg [SD ± 17.05]. Twelve months post-intervention weight loss averaged 2.7 kg [SD ± 6.35]. One-way repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant effect of participation on weight, body mass index, and percent body fat.Conclusion: Significant improvements in the primary outcomes were observed in participants completing our worksite pilot study, indicating that a worksite weight loss intervention is potentially effective.International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, Vol 4 No 2 (2014) 44– 50

Distinct effects of aerobic exercise training and weight loss on glucose homeostasis in obese sedentary men

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Dengel ◽  
R. E. Pratley ◽  
J. M. Hagberg ◽  
E. M. Rogus ◽  
A. P. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Oral Glucose

The decline in glucose homeostasis with aging may be due to the physical deconditioning and obesity that often develop with aging. The independent and combined effects of aerobic exercise training (AEX) and weight loss (WL) on glucose metabolism were studied in 47 nondiabetic sedentary older men. There were 14 men in a weekly behavioral modification/WL program, 10 in a 3 times/wk AEX program, 14 in an AEX+WL program, and 9 in the control (Con) group. The 10-mo intervention increased maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in both the AEX and AEX+WL groups [0.33 +/- 0.05 and 0.37 +/- 0.09 (SE) l/min, respectively], but VO2max did not significantly change in the WL (0.01 +/- 0.06 l/min) and Con groups (-0.04 +/- 0.05 l/min; P > 0.05). The AEX+WL and WL groups had comparable reductions in body weight (-8.5 +/- 0.9 and -8.8 +/- 1.2 kg, respectively) and percent fat (-5.5 +/- 0.7 and -5.9 +/- 1.1%, respectively) that were significantly greater than those in the Con and AEX groups. Oral glucose tolerance tests showed significant reductions in insulin responses in the AEX, WL, and AEX+WL groups, but the decrease in insulin response in the AEX+WL group was significantly greater than that in the other three groups. The glucose area decreased significantly in the WL and AEX+WL groups but did not change in the Con or AEX groups. There were significant increases in insulin-mediated glucose disposal rates as measured by the hyperinsulinemic (600 pmol.m-2.min-1) euglycemic clamps in the AEX and AEX+WL groups [1.66 +/- 0.50 and 1.76 +/- 0.41 mg.kg fat-free mass (FFM)-1.min-1, respectively] that were significantly greater than those in the WL (0.13 +/- 0.31 mg.kg FFM-1.min-1) and Con groups (-0.05 +/- 0.51 mg.kg FFM-1.min-1; n = 5). These data suggest that AEX and WL improve glucose metabolism through different mechanisms and that the combined intervention of AEX+WL is necessary to improve both glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in older men.

2016-P: High Dose DACRA Treatment Improves Glucose Homeostasis, without Additional Weight Loss

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2016-P
Author(s):  
NINA SONNE ◽  
ANNA T. LARSEN ◽  
KIM V. ANDREASSEN ◽  
MORTEN ASSER KARSDAL ◽  
KIM HENRIKSEN
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Additional Weight

Lifestyle intervention using modified BASNEF model in hypertension management (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Resti Tito Villarino ◽  
Christopher Arcay ◽  
Maria Concepcion Temblor
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Stroke Risk Factor ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention Program

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a serious health issue and a major cardiovascular disease and stroke risk factor. In hypertensive patients, various health educational models have been used to improve their lifestyle, but the findings are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE The study assessed the effects of a lifestyle intervention program using modified Beliefs, Attitude, Subjective Standards, Enabling Factors (BASNEF) model among non-adherent hypertensive respondents in relation to the introduction of a lifestyle intervention program in the management of hypertension. METHODS This is a quantitative quasi-experimental research particularly utilizing a repeated-measures design of within-subjects approach on the 50 non-adherent patients diagnosed with essential hypertension at Moalboal, Cebu, Philippines in 2019. The respondents received five sessions of trainings based on modified BASNEF model. The Morisky Medication Adherence instrument was used. The first phase included a demographic questionnaire and the last phase comprised the evaluation of the program. Frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations for descriptive statistics while t-test, repeated measures, ANOVA, and Pearson product moment correlation for inferential statistics. RESULTS The result indicated that the phase 1 mean (146.5) of the systolic readings differ significantly from the phase 4 mean (134.92) of the systolic readings. However, since these two means came from phases that were not consecutive, the result, as a whole, did not show a significant decrease or change when analyzed chronologically from one phase to the next. CONCLUSIONS The study has established that BASNEF model approach can be an effective BP management technique.

Disentangling the obesity paradox in upper gastrointestinal cancers: Weight loss matters more than body mass index

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 101912
Author(s):  
Shria Kumar ◽  
Nadim Mahmud ◽  
David S. Goldberg ◽  
Jashodeep Datta ◽  
David E. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Enrolling Caregivers in Obesity Interventions to Improve Obesity-Related Outcomes in Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110370
Author(s):  
Hannah Bessette ◽  
MinKyoung Song ◽  
Karen S. Lyons ◽  
Sydnee Stoyles ◽  
Christopher S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Weight Loss Programs ◽  
Obesity Interventions

In this study, we assessed the influences of change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)/sedentary time (ST) of caregivers participating in a commercial weight-loss program on their children’s change in MVPA/ST. Data from 29 caregivers and their children were collected over 8 weeks. We used multivariable linear regression to assess associations of changes in caregiver’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST and changes in their child’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST. For caregivers that decreased body mass index (BMI) over 8 weeks, changes in caregivers’ MVPA was strongly associated with the change in children’s MVPA (β = 2.61 [95% CI: 0.45, 4.77]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.24 [–2.16, 2.64]). Changes in caregivers’ ST was strongly associated with changes in children’s ST (β = 2.42 [1.02, 3.81]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.35 [–0.45, 1.14]). Findings reinforce encouraging caregivers to enroll in weight-loss programs for the benefit of their children as well as for themselves.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Mammographic Density during a Premenopausal Weight Loss Intervention Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3245
Author(s):  
Emma C. Atakpa ◽  
Adam R. Brentnall ◽  
Susan Astley ◽  
Jack Cuzick ◽  
D. Gareth Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Breast Density ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dense Area ◽  
Short Term Change ◽  
Term Change

We evaluated the association between short-term change in body mass index (BMI) and breast density during a 1 year weight-loss intervention (Manchester, UK). We included 65 premenopausal women (35–45 years, ≥7 kg adult weight gain, family history of breast cancer). BMI and breast density (semi-automated area-based, automated volume-based) were measured at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years after study entry (1 year post intervention). Cross-sectional (between-women) and short-term change (within-women) associations between BMI and breast density were measured using repeated-measures correlation coefficients and multivariable linear mixed models. BMI was positively correlated with dense volume between-women (r = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.17, 0.61), but less so within-women (r = 0.08, 95%CI: −0.16, 0.28). There was little association with dense area (between-women r = −0.12, 95%CI: −0.38, 0.16; within-women r = 0.01, 95%CI: −0.24, 0.25). BMI and breast fat were positively correlated (volume: between r = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.69, 0.84, within r = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.36, 0.75; area: between r = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.63, 0.82, within r = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.23, 0.63). Multivariable models reported similar associations. Exploratory analysis suggested associations between BMI gain from 20 years and density measures (standard deviation change per +5 kg/m2 BMI: dense area: +0.61 (95%CI: 0.12, 1.09); fat volume: −0.31 (95%CI: −0.62, 0.00)). Short-term BMI change is likely to be positively associated with breast fat, but we found little association with dense tissue, although power was limited by small sample size.

Five-year Outcomes of Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Prospective Multicenter study

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482199198
Author(s):  
Imad El Moussaoui ◽  
Etienne Van Vyve ◽  
Hubert Johanet ◽  
André Dabrowski ◽  
Arnaud Piquard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Excess Weight Loss ◽  
Prospective Multicenter Study ◽  
Weight Loss Failure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Predictors Of Weight Loss

Background Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most frequently performed bariatric procedure in the world. Our purpose was to evaluate the percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), resolution of obesity-related comorbidities after SG, and identify predictive factors of weight loss failure. Methods A prospective cohort study of adults who underwent SG during 2014 in 7 Belgian-French centers. Their demographic, preoperative, and postoperative data were prospectively collected and analyzed statistically. Results Overall, 529 patients underwent SG, with a mean preoperative weight and body mass index (BMI) of 118.9 ± 19.9 kg and 42.9 ± 5.5 kg/m2, respectively. Body mass index significantly decreased to 32.2 kg/m2 at 5 years ( P < .001). The mean %EWL was 63.6% at 5 years. A significant reduction in dyslipidemia (28.0%-18.2%), obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) (34.6%-25.1%), and arterial hypertension (HTN) (30.4%-21.5%) was observed after 5 years, but not for diabetes and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). At multivariate analysis, age >50 years old, BMI >50 kg/m2, and previous laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) remained independent predictors of weight loss failure. Conclusions Five years after SG, weight loss was satisfactory; the reduction of comorbidities was significant for dyslipidemia, OSAS, and HTN, but not diabetes and GERD. Age >50 years old, BMI >50 kg/m2, and previous LAGB were independent predictors of weight loss failure.

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