Molecular phylogeny of black flies in the Simulium tuberosum (Diptera: Simuliidae) species group in Thailand

Genome ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paradee Sriphirom ◽  
Piyamas Nanork Sopaladawan ◽  
Komgrit Wongpakam ◽  
Pairot Pramual
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Incomplete Lineage Sorting ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
Black Fly

Black flies are medically and ecologically significant insects. They are also interesting from an evolutionary standpoint regarding the role of chromosomal change and ecological adaptation. In this study, molecular genetic markers based on multiple gene sequences were used to assess genetic diversity and to infer phylogenetic relationships for a group of cytologically highly diverse black flies of the Simulium tuberosum species group in Thailand. Ecological affinities of the species were also investigated. High levels of genetic diversity were found in cytological species complexes, S. tani and S. doipuiense, and also in S. rufibasis, which was cytologically nearly monomorphic. The results highlight the necessity of integrating multilevel markers for fully understanding black fly biodiversity. Phylogenetic relationships based on multiple gene sequences were consistent with an existing dendrogram inferred from cytological and morphological data. Simulium tani is the most distinctive taxa among the members of the S. tubersosum species group in Thailand based on its divergent morphological characters. Molecular data supported the monophyletic status of S. tani, S. weji, and S. yuphae, but S. doipuiense and S. rufibasis were polyphyletic, most likely due to incomplete lineage sorting and inadequate phylogenetic signals. Ecological analyses revealed that members of the S. tuberosum species group have clearly different ecological niches. The results thus supported previous views of the importance of ecology in black fly evolution.

Phylogenetic relationships among the black fly species (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Thailand based on multiple gene sequences

Genetica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwannee Phayuhasena ◽  
Donald J. Colgan ◽  
Chaliow Kuvangkadilok ◽  
Pairot Pramual ◽  
Visut Baimai
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
Black Fly

Classification, annotated list and keys for the black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Peninsular Malaysia

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4498 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROYUKI TAKAOKA ◽  
ZUBAIDAH YA’COB ◽  
MOHD SOFIAN-AZIRUN
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Black Fly ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Male Pupa

The classification, annotated list and keys for the black fly species from Peninsular Malaysia are updated. The number of black fly species increased from 38 in 1995 to 62 (including a new species herein described) in 2018. The 62 species are classified in four subgenera of the genus Simulium: one species in Daviesellum, 35 species in Gomphostilbia, five species in Nevermannia and 21 species in Simulium. Species in the latter three subgenera are further placed in species-groups or subgroups. Keys are provided for females, males, pupae and mature larvae. Simulium (S.) perakense sp. nov. is described and placed in the S. striatum species-group. The males of S. (G.) decuplum, S. (G.) tahanense, S. (S.) malayense, the female of S. (G.) adleri, and the female and larva of S. (G.) varicorne are described for the first time. The female, male, pupa and larva of S. (G.) trangense, the male and pupa of S. (G.) varicorne and the pupa of S. (G.) adleri are redescribed. Simulium (G.) sp. A is identified as S. (G.) pegalanense. Brief notes for each species are given on morphological characteristics, aquatic habitats and geographical distributions. 

scholarly journals Seasonal Filarial Infections and Their Black Fly Vectors in Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Kittipat Aupalee ◽  
Atiporn Saeung ◽  
Wichai Srisuka ◽  
Masako Fukuda ◽  
Adrian Streit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Group ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Type I ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Black Fly ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Species Type ◽  
Chiang Mai Province

The transmission of zoonotic filarial parasites by black flies has so far been reported in the Chiang Mai and Tak provinces, Thailand, and the bites of these infected black flies can cause a rare disease—human zoonotic onchocerciasis. However, species identification of the filarial parasites and their black fly vectors in the Chiang Mai province were previously only based on a morphotaxonomic analysis. In this study, a combined approach of morphotaxonomic and molecular analyses (mitochondrial cox1, 12S rRNA, and nuclear 18S rRNA (SSU HVR-I) genes) was used to clarify the natural filarial infections in female black flies collected by using human and swine baits from two study areas (Ban Lek and Ban Pang Dang) in the Chiang Mai province from March 2018 to January 2019. A total of 805 and 4597 adult females, belonging to seven and nine black fly taxa, were collected from Ban Lek and Ban Pang Dang, respectively. At Ban Lek, four of the 309 adult females of Simulium nigrogilvum were positive for Onchocerca species type I in the hot and rainy seasons. At Ban Pang Dang, five unknown filarial larvae (belonging to the same new species) were detected in Simulium sp. in the S. varicorne species-group and in three species in the S. asakoae species-group in all seasons, and three non-filarial larvae of three different taxa were also found in three females of the S. asakoae species-group. This study is the first to molecularly identify new filarial species and their vector black fly species in Thailand.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Relationships ofPseudorasbora,Pseudopungtungia, andPungtungia(Teleostei; Cypriniformes; Gobioninae) Inferred from Multiple Nuclear Gene Sequences

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keun-Yong Kim ◽  
Myeong-Hun Ko ◽  
Huanzhang Liu ◽  
Qiongying Tang ◽  
Xianglin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
Early Growth Response ◽  
Recombination Activating Gene ◽  
Early Growth Response 1

Gobionine species belonging to the generaPseudorasbora,Pseudopungtungia, andPungtungia(Teleostei; Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae) have been heavily studied because of problems on taxonomy, threats of extinction, invasion, and human health. Nucleotide sequences of three nuclear genes, that is, recombination activating protein gene 1 (rag1), recombination activating gene 2 (rag2), and early growth response 1 gene (egr1), fromPseudorasbora,Pseudopungtungia, andPungtungiaspecies residing in China, Japan, and Korea, were analyzed to elucidate their intergeneric and interspecific phylogenetic relationships. In the phylogenetic tree inferred from their multiple gene sequences,Pseudorasbora,PseudopungtungiaandPungtungiaspecies ramified into three phylogenetically distinct clades; the “tenuicorpa” clade composed ofPseudopungtungia tenuicorpa, the “parva” clade composed of allPseudorasboraspecies/subspecies, and the “herzi” clade composed ofPseudopungtungia nigra, andPungtungia herzi. The genusPseudorasborawas recovered as monophyletic, while the genusPseudopungtungiawas recovered as polyphyletic. Our phylogenetic result implies the unstable taxonomic status of the genusPseudopungtungia.

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