Structural organization of an alien Thinopyrum intermedium group 7 chromosome in U.S. soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 716-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Francki ◽  
O. R. Crasta ◽  
H. C. Sharma ◽  
H. W. Ohm ◽  
J. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Alien Chromosome ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) resistance in soft red winter wheat (SRWW) cultivars has been achieved by substituting a group 7 chromosome from Thinopyrum intermedium for chromosome 7D. To localize BYDV resistance, a detailed molecular genetic analysis was done on the alien group 7 Th. intermedium chromosome to determine its structural organization. Triticeae group 7 RFLP markers and rye specific repetitive sequences used in the analysis showed that the alien chromosome in the P29 substitution line has distinguishing features. The 350–480 bp rye telomeric sequence family was present on the long arm as determined by Southern and fluorescence in situ hybridization. However, further analysis using a rye dispersed repetitive sequence indicated that this alien chromosome does not contain introgressed segments from the rye genome. The alien chromosome is homoeologous to wheat chromosomes 7A and 7D as determined by RFLP analysis. Presence of the waxy gene on chromosomes 7A, 7B, and 7D but its absence on the alien chromosome in P29 suggests some internal structural differences on the short arm between Th. intermedium and wheat group 7 chromosomes. The identification of rye telomeric sequences on the alien Thinopyrum chromosome and the homoeology to wheat chromosomes 7A and 7D provide the necessary information and tools to analyze smaller segments of the Thinopyrum chromosome and to localize BYDV resistance in SRWW cultivars.Key words: barley yellow dwarf virus, Thinopyrum intermedium, rye repetitive sequences, RFLP, homoeologous group 7.

scholarly journals Yield Effects of Barley yellow dwarf virus in Soft Red Winter Wheat

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1043-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith L. Perry ◽  
Frederic L. Kolb ◽  
Bernard Sammons ◽  
Clifford Lawson ◽  
Gordon Cisar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Three cultivars of soft red winter wheat were evaluated to determine the relationship between the incidence and time of infection by Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) and yield. Wheat was planted in 1995, 1996, and 1997 in a split-plot design with six replicates at sites in Indiana and Illinois. Yield plots were infested with different amounts of viruliferous aphids, and the incidence of BYDV in each plot was measured. In a 2-year study in Illinois with cv. Clark and the PAV-IL isolate of BYDV, yields were assessed following aphid infestation in fall, early spring, and late spring. Early spring infections resulted in larger yield reductions than late spring infections in both years and larger than fall infections in one year. Regression analyses to relate incidence of infection and yield with data from fall and early spring infections provided R2 values of 0.89 and 0.51 for the 1996 to 1997 and 1997 to 1998 seasons, respectively. An additional study at the same site in the 1996 to 1997 season compared the yield responses of cvs. Clark, Y88-3e, and PT8935b. Increases in the incidence of BYDV correlated with decreases in yield, with R2 values of 0.80, 0.78, and 0.90 for the three cultivars, respectively. Estimated yield losses in both studies and all cultivars ranged from 27 to 45 kg/ha or 0.34 to 0.55% for each percent increase in virus infection. In a third study over a 2-year period in Indiana with the same three wheat genot ypes and a second BYDV isolate (PAV-P), BYDV treatments resulted in significant reductions in yield, but yield loss and the incidence of BYDV were not linearly correlated. Given the differences in yield reductions caused by the two BYDV isolates, PAV-P may be an attenuated strain of BYDV and may cross-protect plants from naturally occurring strains of the virus.

scholarly journals Identifying Soft Red Winter Wheat Cultivars Tolerant to Barley yellow dwarf virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall Weisz ◽  
Barry Tarleton ◽  
J. Paul Murphy ◽  
Frederic L. Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Visual Symptom ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Symptom Ratings ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is a serious disease of soft red winter wheat. Although there has been interest in tolerant cultivars, identification and development has been slow due to a lack of precision in rating plants for response to BYDV. Visual ratings of symptoms are commonly used to evaluate cultivars, but these ratings have proven to be inconsistent. The objectives of this research were to assess BYDV visual symptom ratings of wheat cultivars under field conditions, to measure disease-related yield reductions in these cultivars, to determine if a relationship exists between BYDV visual symptoms and yield reductions, and to determine BYDV cultivar tolerance. A split-plot design with insecticide treatment (main plot) and 11 cultivars (subplots) was employed over 4 years. The overall relationship between symptom ratings and BYDV yield reductions was weak (R2 = 0.40) and not consistent across years or cultivars. A consistency of performance analysis showed cultivars clustered into five distinct tolerance classes. Under conditions of high BYDV infestation, visual symptom ratings could be cautiously used to identify highly tolerant cultivars. The most reliable method for rating cultivar tolerance was a direct measure of disease-induced yield reduction across multiple environments.

Screening and analysis of differentially expressed genes from an alien addition line of wheat Thinopyrum intermedium induced by barley yellow dwarf virus infection

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1114-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Mei Jiang ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
Rui Shi ◽  
Guang-He Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Alien Chromosome ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Expressed Sequence

The alien addition line TAI-27 contains a pair of chromosomes of Thinopyrum intermedium that carry resistance against barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). A subtractive library was constructed using the leaves of TAI-27, which were infected by Schizaphis graminum carrying the GAV strain of BYDV, and the control at the three-leaf stage. Nine differentially expressed genes were identified from 100 randomly picked clones and sequenced. Two of the nine clones were highly homologous with known genes. Of the remaining seven cDNA clones, five clones matched with known expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences from wheat and (or) barley whereas the other two clones were unknown. Five of the nine differentially expressed sequences (WTJ9, WTJ11, WTJ15, WTJ19, and WTJ32) were highly homologous (identities >94%) with ESTs from wheat or barley challenged with pathogens. These five sequences and another one (WTJ18) were also highly homologous (identities >86%) with abiotic stress induced ESTs in wheat or barley. Reverse Northern hybridization showed that seven of the nine differentially expressed cDNA sequences hybridized with cDNA of T. intermedium infected by BYDV. Three of these also hybridized with cDNA of line 3B-2 (a parent of TAI-27) infected by BYDV. The alien chromosome in TAI-27 was microdissected. The second round linker adaptor mediated PCR products of the alien chromosomal DNA were labeled with digoxygenin and used as the probe to hybridize with the nine differentially expressed genes. The analysis showed that seven differentially expressed genes were homologous with the alien chromosome of TAI-27. These seven differentially expressed sequences could be used as ESTs of the alien chromosome of TAI-27. This research laid the foundation for screening and cloning of new specific functional genes conferring resistance to BYDV and probably other pathogens.Key words: suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), expressed sequence tag (EST), linker adaptor mediated polymerase chain reaction (LA-PCR), chromosome microdissection.

scholarly journals Effects of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus on Yield and Yield Components of Drilled Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Hoffman ◽  
F. L. Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
System Size ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Yield reduction in eight soft red winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum) in response to barley yellow dwarf (BYDV) infection was evaluated in drilled plots. The experiment was conducted in 1993 and 1994 at the Crop Sciences Research and Education Center of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Cultivars Caldwell, Cardinal, Clark, Howell, IL 87-2834, Tyler, and Pioneer brands 2548 and 2555 were selected for the study based on root system size, yield potential, and adaptation to local growing conditions. Plots were planted with a six-row drill to approximate conditions in growers' fields. A split-plot treatment design was used, with treatments as whole plots, and cultivars as subplots. The three treatments were BYDV-inoculated, natural BYDV infection, and a control (sprayed with Cygon to control naturally occurring aphids). Significant yield reductions in inoculated plots indicated the potential for severe yield loss due to BYDV infection under drilled conditions. The component of yield most severely affected by virus infection was number of kernels per spike. Kernel weight was affected but to a lesser extent than kernels per spike. Tiller number was generally not altered by infection but was positively correlated with yield in infected plots. Since kernels per spike and kernel weight were reduced by BYDV infection, it may be possible to select for tolerant genotypes by identifying lines in which these parameters are least affected by BYD disease pressure.

Isolation of expressed sequences from a specific chromosome of Thinopyrum intermedium infected by BYDV

Genome ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Mei Jiang ◽  
Wei-Bo Yin ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
Rui Shi ◽  
Ruo-Nan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Alien Chromosome ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Specific Chromosome ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

To map important ESTs to specific chromosomes and (or) chromosomal regions is difficult in hexaploid wheat because of its large genome size and serious interference of homoeologous sequences. Large-scale EST sequencing and subsequent chromosome localization are both laborious and time-consuming. The wheat alien addition line TAi-27 contains a pair of chromosomes of Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey that carry the resistance gene against barley yellow dwarf virus. In this research, we developed a modified technique based on chromosome microdissection and hybridization-specific amplification to isolate expressed sequences from the alien chromosome of TAi-27 by hybridization between the DNA of the microdissected alien chromosome and cDNA of Th. intermedium infected by barley yellow dwarf virus. Twelve clones were selected, sequenced, and analyzed. Three of them were unknown genes without any hit in the GenBank database and the other nine were highly homologous with ESTs of wheat, barley, and (or) other plants in Gramineae induced by abiotic or biotic stress. The method used in this research to isolate expressed sequences from a specific chromosome has the following advantages: (i) the obtained expressed sequences are larger in size and have 3′ end information and (ii) the operation is less complicated. It would be an efficient improved method for genomics and functional genomics research of polyploid plants, especially for EST development and mapping. The obtained expressed sequence data are also informative in understanding the resistance genes on the alien chromosome of TAi-27.

Modified Recurrent Selection for Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Tolerance in Winter Wheat

Crop Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M. Bauske ◽  
Frederic L. Kolb ◽  
Adrianna D. Hewings ◽  
Gordon Cisar
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Virus Tolerance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Disomic Thinopyrum intermedium addition lines in wheat with barley yellow dwarf virus resistance and with rust resistances

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Larkin ◽  
P. M. Banks ◽  
E. S. Lagudah ◽  
R. Appels ◽  
Chen Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Zhong 5 is a partial amphiploid (2n = 56) between Triticum aestivum (2n = 42) and Thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 42) carrying all the chromosomes of wheat and seven pairs of chromosomes from Th. intermedium. Following further backcrossing to wheat, six independent stable 2n = 44 lines were obtained representing 4 disomic chromosome addition lines. One chromosome confers barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) resistance, whereas two other chromosomes carry leaf and stem rust resistance; one of the latter also confers stripe rust resistance. Using RFLP and isozyme markers we have shown that the extra chromosome in the Zhong 5-derived BYDV resistant disomic addition lines (Z1, Z2, or Z6) belongs to the homoeologous group 2. It therefore carries a different locus to the BYDV resistant group 7 addition, L1, described previously. The leaf, stem, and stripe rust resistant line (Z4) carries an added group 7 chromosome. The line Z3 has neither BYDV nor rust resistance, is not a group 2 or group 7 addition, and is probably a group 1 addition. The line Z5 is leaf and stem rust resistant, is not stripe rust resistant, and its homoeology remains unknown.Key words: Agropyron, intermediate wheatgrass, leaf rust, stem rust, stripe rust, luteovirus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document