Undertransmission of a supernumerary chromosome segment through heterozygous females possessing B chromosomes in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. López-León ◽  
M. C. Pardo ◽  
J. Cabrero ◽  
J. P. M. Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Extra Chromosome ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Supernumerary Chromosome ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Segment ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Eyprepocnemis Plorans ◽  
Mendelian Transmission

The transmission ratio (ks) for a supernumerary chromosome segment was studied in a total of 54 heterozygous females collected from two Spanish natural populations of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans. Our analysis clearly demonstrated that ks is negatively dependent on the number of B chromosomes in the female. The possible mechanisms by which B chromosomes may cause undertransmission of the supernumerary segment, and the implications of this phenomenon for the maintenance of this extra chromosome segment, are discussed.Key words: supernumerary segments, B chromosomes, Mendelian transmission, grasshoppers.

Steep Variation in Mitochondrial DNA and B Chromosomes among Natural Populations of Eyprepocnemis Plorans (Acrididae)

Hereditas ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Clemente ◽  
Carmen Garma ◽  
Blanca García Sola ◽  
Nuno Henriques-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Eyprepocnemis Plorans

Temporal frequency stability and absence of effects on mating behaviour for an autosomal supernumerary segment in two natural populations of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. López-León ◽  
A. Martín-Alganza ◽  
M. C. Pardo ◽  
J. Cabrero ◽  
J. P. M. Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Frequency Stability ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Mating Pattern ◽  
Eyprepocnemis Plorans ◽  
Extra Segment

Interannual evolution of a polymorphism for a supernumerary segment in the smallest autosome of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans has been analysed in two natural populations. The polymorphism seemed to be stable in both populations, despite its undertransmission through heterozygous females carrying B chromosomes. Analyses of the effects of the extra segment on mating behaviour failed to show differential mating success in any sex or consistent effects on mating pattern. These results are discussed in relation to the maintenance of this polymorphism in natural populations.Key words: supernumerary segments, heterochromatin, repetitive DNA.

Recovery of a telomere-truncated chromosome via a compensating translocation in maize

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Gaeta ◽  
Tatiana V. Danilova ◽  
Changzeng Zhao ◽  
Rick E. Masonbrink ◽  
Morgan E. McCaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Extra Chromosome ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Chromosome 6

Maize-engineered minichromosomes are easily recovered from telomere-truncated B chromosomes but are rarely recovered from A chromosomes. B chromosomes lack known genes, and their truncation products are tolerated and transmitted during meiosis. In contrast, deficiency gametes resulting from truncated A chromosomes prevent their transmission. We report here a de novo compensating translocation that permitted recovery of a large truncation of chromosome 1 in maize. The truncation (trunc-1) and translocation with chromosome 6 (super-6) occurred during telomere-mediated truncation experiments and were characterized using single-gene fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probes. The truncation contained a transgene signal near the end of the broken chromosome and transmitted together with the compensating translocation as a heterozygote to approximately 41%–55% of progeny. Transmission as an addition chromosome occurred in ~15% of progeny. Neither chromosome transmitted through pollen. Transgene expression (Bar) cosegregated with trunc-1 transcriptionally and phenotypically. Meiosis in T1 plants revealed eight bivalents and one tetravalent chain composed of chromosome 1, trunc-1, chromosome 6, and super-6 in diplotene and diakinesis. Our data suggest that de novo compensating translocations allow recovery of truncated A chromosomes by compensating deficiency in female gametes and by affecting chromosome pairing and segregation. The truncated chromosome can be maintained as an extra chromosome or together with the super-6 as a heterozygote.

scholarly journals CYTOGENETICS OF FLOWER MODIFICATION OF A CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILE TOBACCO

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-235
Author(s):  
D U Gerstel ◽  
J A Burns ◽  
S A Sand
Keyword(s):  
Extra Chromosome ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
Chromosome Segment ◽  
Flower Structure ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi

ABSTRACT Plants combining the cytoplasm of Nicotiana debneyi and the 48 chromosomes from N. tabacum are male sterile. Early backcross generations of the amphidiploid hybrid to male N. tabacum produced a great variety of plants from which a series of phenotypes with characteristic flower forms and transmission rates have been isolated. Type 1A possesses completely feminized stamens and deeply split corollas, breeds true when backcrossed to normal males and carries 48 N. tabacum chromosomes. Other phenotypes, 2C, 3E and 4H, range toward normal morphology of corollas and stamens. Like 1A, 2C forms no anther tissue and has 48 chromosomes. This type is transmitted to 36.3% of the backcross progeny, the remainder being of type 1A; presumably 2C carries a chromosome segment from N. debneyi that is responsible for the partial restoration of flower structure. In contrast, both 3E and 4H produce anthers and possess an extra chromosome. The extra chromosomes are transmitted to only 19.9% and 7.1% of the progeny, respectively. Significantly, the extra chromosomes found in the anther-forming types are nucleolus organizing and carry a satellite from N. debneyi. On the basis of these observations, we surmise that differentiation of anthers in plants with N. debneyi cytoplasm may depend on the presence of a nucleolus-organizing chromosome from that species. This chromosome is unstable; unaltered, it conditions a highly restored phenotype (4H), but when structurally modified, it may control different phenotypic expressions. Other examples of satellited restorer chromosomes had been reported for different cytoplasmically male-sterile combinations; therefore, the phenomenon may have more general significance.

Microdissection and Chromosome Painting of X and B Chromosomes in the Grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans

2009 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Teruel ◽  
J. Cabrero ◽  
F. Perfectti ◽  
M.J. Acosta ◽  
A. Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Painting ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Eyprepocnemis Plorans

scholarly journals Preferential Occupancy of R2 Retroelements on the B Chromosomes of the Grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e91820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia E. Montiel ◽  
Josefa Cabrero ◽  
Mercedes Ruiz-Estévez ◽  
William D. Burke ◽  
Thomas H. Eickbush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Eyprepocnemis Plorans
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