Identification of a Triticum–Lophopyrum noncompensating translocation line and detection of Lophopyrum DNA using a wheatgrass specific molecular probe

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam-Soo Kim ◽  
Ernest D. P. Whelan ◽  
George Fedak ◽  
Ken Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Chromosome 6 ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Lophopyrum Ponticum

A Triticum–Lophopyrum translocation line was produced by a series of backcrosses between F1 hybrids derived from the cross Triticum aestivum × Lophopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Love and their progenies and bread wheat. Cytogenetic studies of progeny of crosses between the wheat-alien translocation line and doubled ditelosomics of the group 5 homoeologues of 'Chinese Spring' indicated that the translocated chromosome consisted of the long arm of chromosome 5B of wheat and short (S) arm of chromosome 6 (6AgS) of decaploid L. ponticum (2n = 70), which carries the gene(s) for resistance to colonization by wheat curl mite (Eriophyes tulipae Keifer). The frequencies of resistance to mite colonization were similar (p = 0.64) for F1 progenies from crosses between the noncompensating translocation line and double ditelosomics for 5A, 5B, and 5D and averaged 61.4%, but the frequency of F2 seeds per head (11.8) was lowest (p > 0.05) for hybrids involving 5B double ditelosomics. A repetitive DNA probe found abundantly in wheatgrass was also used to detect the Lophopyrum chromatin in this wheat-alien translocation plant. Although this probe hybridized faintly to wheat DNA in Southern hybridization, the probe's diagnostic hybridization to DNA from the wheat-Lophopyrum translocation plant clearly showed the presence of Lophopyrum DNA.Key words: wheat, Lophopyrum, wheatgrass, Eriophyes tulipae, translocation, hybrids, repetitive DNA sequence.

Transmission of a wheat alien chromosome translocation with resistance to the wheat curl mite in common wheat, Triticum aestivum L.

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. P. Whelan ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
J. B. Thomas ◽  
A. D. Kuzyk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Chromosome Translocation ◽  
Chromosome 6 ◽  
Selfed Progeny ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Aceria Tulipae ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Homozygous Resistant

A translocation between a common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) chromosome and chromosome 6 of Elytrigia pontica (Podp.) Holub conferred resistance to feeding by Eriophyes (= Aceria) tulipae Keifer, the mite vector of wheat streak mosaic virus and the wheat spot mosaic agent. Resistance was dominant, but differential transmission occurred between the pollen and the egg. Transmission of resistance through the pollen was low, about 3% in 'Cadet', 'Rescue', and 'Winalta', but significantly higher in 'Norstar' (9.1%). Significant differences also were detected in transmission through the egg. 'Cadet' had the highest transmission (50.9%) and 'Rescue' the lowest (40.5%). However, there were no significant differences among varieties in the frequencies of resistance (50.3–54.5%) in the F2. Less than 10% of the F2 plants were homozygous resistant. Selfed progeny from monosomic or disomic F1 plants from crosses between the homozygous translocation and group-6 monosomics all segregated for susceptibility. Meiotic studies of 25 susceptible F2 plants from these F1 monosomics showed that 21 were either monosomic or disomic and only 4 were nullisomic, indicating that the translocation did not involve any of the group-6 homoeologues. The translocation is considered to be a noncompensating translocation involving a whole arm of chromosome 6 of E. pontica.Key words: wheat, mite (wheat curl), translocation, Triticum.

CYTOGENETIC STUDIES OF TRANSEC — A WHEAT-RYE TRANSLOCATION LINE

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Driscoll ◽  
L. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Translocation Line ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies

Characterization of a new 4BS.7HL wheat–barley translocation line using GISH, FISH, and SSR markers and its effect on the β-glucan content of wheat

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 795-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cseh ◽  
K. Kruppa ◽  
I. Molnár ◽  
M. Rakszegi ◽  
J. Doležel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Centromeric Region ◽  
Barley Chromosome ◽  
Translocation Chromosome ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Addition Line

A spontaneous interspecific Robertsonian translocation was revealed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) in the progenies of a monosomic 7H addition line originating from a new wheat ‘Asakaze komugi’ × barley ‘Manas’ hybrid. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA sequences (Afa family, pSc119.2, and pTa71) allowed identification of all wheat chromosomes, including wheat chromosome arm 4BS involved in the translocation. FISH using barley telomere- and centromere-specific repetitive DNA probes (HvT01 and (AGGGAG)n) confirmed that one of the arms of barley chromosome 7H was involved in the translocation. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers specific to the long (L) and short (S) arms of barley chromosome 7H identified the translocated chromosome segment as 7HL. Further analysis of the translocation chromosome clarified the physical position of genetically mapped SSRs within 7H, with a special focus on its centromeric region. The presence of the HvCslF6 gene, responsible for (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan production, was revealed in the centromeric region of 7HL. An increased (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan level was also detected in the translocation line, demonstrating that the HvCslF6 gene is of potential relevance for the manipulation of wheat (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan levels.

A spontaneous translocation that transfers wheat curl mite resistance from decaploid Agropyron elongatum to common wheat

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. P. Whelan ◽  
G. E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Selfed Progeny ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

The wheat curl mite (Eriophyes tulipae Keifer) is the vector of wheat streak mosaic virus, a damaging disease of winter wheat. A translocation between a common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) chromosome and a group 6 chromosome (6Ag) from decaploid Agropyron elongatum (Host) Beauv. resulted in transfer of resistance to colonization by the wheat curl mite. Transmission of resistance through the pollen and the egg were similar and not significantly different from 50%. The frequency of resistance in the F2 generation (65.6%) was lower than expected for a single, dominant gene. In the F2, 26.7% of the resistant plants were homozygous for resistance. Selfed progeny from monosomic and disomic F1 plants from crosses between the translocation line and monosomics for 6A and 6B segregated with frequencies similar to normal F2 progeny but the progeny of monosomics for 6D were primarily resistant (93.2%). Crosses between the translocation line and chromosome 6D telocentrics and studies of four enzymes that are encoded by genes on the group 6 homoeologous chromosomes showed that the translocated chromosome consists of the q arm of chromosome 6D of 'Rescue' and the p arm of chromosome 6 of A. elongatum. Because the new stock was derived from a double monosomic, the translocation was probably a Robertsonian fusion of misdivided centromeres. The resistance is being backcrossed into winter wheat.Key words: Agropyron elongatum, Thinopyron, Elytrigia, Lophopyrum, Robertsonian translocation, isozyme structural genes, wheat curl mite.

The Genetic Control of Chromosome Pairing in Wheat

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
LH Ji ◽  
P Langridge
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Chromosome Pair ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

Bread wheat is an allohexaploid with three pairs of homoeologous chromosomes. This means that each chromosome pair is present in three related but not truly homologous chromosomes. In order to maintain the integrity of the three chromosome sets, pairing must be very tightly controlled at meiosis to allow homologous but not homoeologous chromosomes to pair and recombine. Several genes (termed Ph genes) are known to be involved in controlling chromosome pairing in wheat, but the strongest effect has been associated with a gene on the long arm of chromosome 5B, Phl. The manipulation of this gene can be used to induce recombination between chromosomes that will not normally pair at meiosis. This has application in the introduction of new genetic information into wheat. Elucidation of the mechanism of action of the Ph genes has centred around genetic and cytogenetic studies with little attempt to investigate the molecular biology or biochemistry of these genes. Isolation of genes in meiosis in yeast and genes associated with the aerly stages of meiosis in lily have provided a potential entry point into the identification of the analogous genes in wheat.

Prenatal diagnostics in carrier of pericentric inversion of the chromosome 6

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.I. Golovataya , T.A. Plevako , D.A. Mykytenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Pericentric Inversion ◽  
Prenatal Diagnostics ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Chromosome 6 ◽  
Preimplantation Genetic Testing ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies

Two cases with different recombinant chromosomes associated with a paternal pericentric inversion inv(6) (p25q25.3) are presented. The data of ultrasound and cytogenetic studies, as well as the results of preimplantation genetic testing of embryos obtained in in vitro fertilization cycles are presented. Based on our own and published data, the possibility of the appearance of recombinant chromosomes in the progeny of inv(6)(p25q25.3) carrier is discussed.

Molecular characterization and chromosomal distribution of species-specific repetitive DNA sequences from Beta corolliflora, a wild relative of sugar beet

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Gao ◽  
T Schmidt ◽  
C Jung
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences ◽  
Wild Relative ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Specific Sequences

Repetitive DNA sequences have been isolated from a Sau3AI plasmid library of tetraploid Beta corolliflora (2n = 4x = 36), a wild relative of sugar beet (B. vulgaris). The library was screened by differential hybridization with genomic DNA of B. corolliflora and B. vulgaris. When used as probes for Southern hybridization of genomic DNA, six clones were determined to represent highly repetitive DNA families present only in the B. corolliflora genome. Five other sequences were highly repetitive in B. corolliflora and low or single copy in B. vulgaris. The insert size varied between 43 bp and 448 bp. Two sequences pBC1279 and pBC1944 displayed strong homology to a previously cloned satellite DNA from B. nana. With one exception, sequences are tandemly arranged as revealed by a typical ladder pattern after genomic Southern hybridization. The chromosomal distribution of five probes was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of mitotic metaphases from B. corolliflora and a triploid hybrid between B. vulgaris and B. corolliflora. Three sequences were spread along all chromosome arms of B. corolliflora while one sequence was present on only six chromosomes. The chromosome-specific sequence pBC216 was found in close vicinity to the 5S rDNA located on B. corolliflora chromosome IV. This set of species-specific sequences has the potential to be used as probes for the identification of monosomic alien addition lines and for marker-assisted gene transfer from wild beet to cultivated beet.Key words: Beta vulgaris, FISH, repetitive DNA, species-specific sequences.

The genetics and gliadin protein characteristics of a wheat–alien translocation that confers resistance to colonization by the wheat curl mite

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. P. Whelan ◽  
O. M. Lukow
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Hard Spring Wheat ◽  
Gliadin Protein

The wheat curl mite (Eriophyes tulipae Keifer) is the vector of both wheat streak mosaic virus and the wheat spot mosaic agent, which cause damaging diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum). A spontaneous translocation between chromosome 6A of the hard spring wheat cultivar 'Cadet' and a group 6 chromosome (6Ag) from decaploid Agropyron elongatum (Host) Beauv. resulted in a transfer of resistance to colonization by the wheat curl mite from 6Ag to a wheat chromosome. Transmission of resistance was 50.2% through the egg and 28.2% through the pollen. In segregating progenies, 64.1% of the plants were resistant, and 25.5% of the resistant plants were homozygous resistant. Meiotic pairing of hybrids from crosses between the translocation line and ditelocentrics for chromosome 6A suggested that the translocated chromosome consisted of the short arm of 'Cadet' 6A and the p or short arm of chromosome 6Ag of A. elongatum that confers mite resistance. This postulation was confirmed by electrophoretic patterns of seed endosperm proteins; the translocation line produced α-gliadins coded by genes on the short arm of 'Cadet' 6A as well as β-gliadins coded by genes on the short arm of A. elongatum chromosome 6.Key words: electrophoresis, gliadins, wheat streak mosaic virus, Agropyron elongatum, Robertsonian translocation.

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