Genotype-dependent interchromosomal effects of a grasshopper reciprocal translocation

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Arana ◽  
N. Henriques-Gil ◽  
J. L. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Translocation ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Eyprepocnemis Plorans ◽  
Interchromosomal Effect ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean

The existence of interchromosomal effects has been tested in four segregating families of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans carrying the same translocation. The comparisons between the mean chiasma frequencies in the translocation heterozygotes and the standard homozygotes have revealed different responses, depending on the family: both significant increases and decreases in those bivalents not involved in the translocation have been found. A dependence of interchromosomal effects on genetic background is suggested.Key words: translocation, chiasma frequency, interchromosomal effect.

Application de la Génétique à la Pratique Médicale— (La Constitution au point de vue de la Génétique - Le « Chronon »: concept et application au service de la Médecine)

1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
L. Gedda
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Hereditary Disease ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Clinical Genetics ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mean

SUMMARYThe old concept of constitution, which has been dominating Medicine until this century, has to be revised in the light of the development of Medical Genetics and of Clinical Genetics, this new branch which is applied at the beside of the single diseased.The study of the family of the patient from a genetic point of view is both possible and precious. The basic principles of the hereditary analysis are recalled, and the Author especially stresses how useful it can be to consider the temporary virtuality of the hereditary unity, which he suggests to call chronon. The study of the chronon of the genes contained in the genetic background of the family enables to visualize many a possibility in the future of the patient, such as the mean age of onset for a hereditary disease, or the steps of extinction in the course of ageing.The therapy of a hereditary disease may be conceived in terms of a substitutive therapy.

Disability in Schizophrenic Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
J. Wancata ◽  
M. Freidl ◽  
F. Friedrich ◽  
T. Matschnig ◽  
A. Unger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Mean

Aims:The purpose of this study was to investigate disability among patients suffering from schizophrenia and to identify predictors of disability.Methods:101 patients from different types of psychiatric services in Vienna and diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 were included. They were investigates by means of 36-Item self-administered version of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO-DAS-II) and the PANSS-scale. Patients’ mothers and fathers were asked to fill in the Family Problem Questionnaire.Results:The mean total score of the WHO-DAS-II was 74.1 (SD 21.9). When using weighted sub-scores the highest disability scores were found for social contacts, participation in society and household (means 2.58, 2.57 and 2.51 respectively). Using logistic regression, overall disability was positively associated with patient's age, overall severity of symptoms (PANSS) and number of previous hospital admissions. Overall disability was not associated with duration of illness and or patient's gender. The subjective burden experienced by patients’ fathers and mothers were increased by reduced social contacts and impaired participation in society, while we could not find an association with other domains of patient's disability (understanding, mobility, self-care, household).Conclusions:This study shows that schizophrenia results in disability in several domains. Family caregivers’ burden was predominantly increased by social consequences of schizophrenia.

Hidradenitis suppurativa: Wie die Partner von Betroffenen psychosozial beeinträchtigt werden

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Uwe Gieler
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Moderate Effect

<b>Background</b>: Hidradenitis suppurativa is a debilitating disease related to a great psychosocial burden in affected patients and subsequently also people around them. Patients’ partners as caregivers may indirectly experience wide range of devastating effects of the disease on their emotional and social life. <b>Objective:</b> The purpose of this study was to determine the QoL impairment in HS patients’ partners and to identify its aspects that are affected the most. Correlation between QoL burden and disease severity, duration, sex, age and smoking was also assessed. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 50 HS sufferers were assessed according to disease severity and their partners’ QoL was determined using the Family Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire. <b>Results:</b> The mean FDLQI for patients’ partners was 8.7 ± 6.8 points, indicating generally a moderate effect of HS on their life. Quality of partners’ life correlated significantly with disease severity but no correlation was found according to other factors. <b>Conclusion:</b> Hidradenitis suppurativa is a highly psychologically devastating disease not only for patients but also for their partners. It occurred to diminish partners’ QoL mostly by increasing daily expenditure but also other problems were often reported. Clinicians should be aware of these psychosocial implications, in order to provide optimal therapy of HS affected families by a multidisciplinary specialized management addressing both, patients and their cohabitants simultaneously.

scholarly journals A Model of Global Cerebral Ischemia in C57 BL/6 Mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Yonekura ◽  
Nobutaka Kawahara ◽  
Hirofumi Nakatomi ◽  
Kazuhide Furuya ◽  
Takaaki Kirino
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Neuronal Injury ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Global Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
The Mean

A reproducible model of global cerebral ischemia in mice is essential for elucidating the molecular mechanism of ischemic neuronal injury. Such a model is particularly important in the mouse because many genetically engineered mutant animals are available. In C57BL/6 and SV129/EMS mice, we evaluated a three-vessel occlusion model. Occlusion of the basilar artery with a miniature clip was followed by bilateral carotid occlusion. The mean cortical cerebral blood flow was reduced to less than 10% of the preischemic value, and the mean anoxic depolarization was attained within 1 minute. In C57BL/6 mice, there was CA1 hippocampal neuronal degeneration 4 days after ischemia. Neuronal damage depended upon ischemic duration: the surviving neuronal count was 78.5 ± 8.5% after 8-minute ischemia and 8.4 ± 12.7% after 14-minute ischemia. In SV129/EMS mice, similar neuronal degeneration was not observed after 14-minute ischemia. The global ischemia model in C57BL/6 mice showed high reproducibility and consistent neuronal injury in the CA1 sector, indicating that comparison of ischemic outcome between wild-type and mutant mice could provide meaningful data using the C57BL/6 genetic background. Strain differences in this study highlight the need for consideration of genetic background when evaluating ischemia experiments in mice.

scholarly journals Does the closed fishing season influence the ichthyofauna consumed by Larus dominicanus?

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiara Larissa Miotto ◽  
Barbara Maichak de Carvalho ◽  
Henry Louis Spach
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Trawl Fishery ◽  
Shrimp Trawl ◽  
Larus Dominicanus ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Closed Season

Abstract Fish that are incidentally caught by shrimp trawling represent a predictable and abundant resource for feeding several bird species, especially for the gull Larus dominicanus. This fishing activity is subject to disruptions throughout the year during closed fishing seasons, when other fishing modalities are exercised, which can alter the composition, abundance and size of the fish bycatch. This study evaluated the influence of the restriction of fishing period of shrimp (closed season) on the diet of L. dominicanus, on the Paraná State coast. From December 2013 to August 2014, 10 pellets were collected per month in two distinct areas that have shrimp trawl fishery as the main economic activity: one continental and another in an estuarine island. In total, 920 fish were identified, divided into four families and 15 species, especially the family Sciaenidae with 11 species. There were differences in abundance and biomass of species between areas and between seasons of pre-closure, closure and post-closure. Differences for the mean total length of the species were only detected between the pre-closed and closed seasons in one area. This study evidenced the strong relationship between L. dominicanus and the shrimp trawl fishery, the species composition identified in the pellets and their respective morphometric measurements follow the same pattern of the literature for fish discarded in trawling activities.

scholarly journals The relationship between hopelessness and perceived social support levels of parents with children with congenital heart disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 655-661
Author(s):  
Tugba Nur Oden ◽  
Rahsan Cam
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between hopelessness and perceived social support levels of parents with children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with parents of children who underwent surgery for CHD, and data were collected from 100 parents who agreed to participate in the study. A descriptive information form for the sociodemographic characteristics of the parents, “Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS)” and “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)” were used to collect the data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation tests. Results: The mean score of the hopelessness level of the parents participating in the study was 6.15±4.23, and the mean perceived general social support score was 69.55±15.47. There was a significant negative correlation between the hopelessness levels of mothers and social support (SS) received from the family, from significant others, and general SS scores. There was a significant positive correlation between the hopelessness levels of the mothers and the SS level received from the family (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the parents of children with CHD have low levels of hopelessness and perceived SS levels are high. Moreover, the relationship between hopelessness and perceived SS levels varies according to the sex of the parents. In our study, the SS level of mothers had a higher effect on the hopelessness level. It is recommended that the SS levels of the parents of children with CHD should be increased to help them cope with hopelessness.

Observations on chromosomes and gametogenesis ofTransversotrema patialense(Trematoda)

Parasitology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mad Havi ◽  
J. V. Ramanjaneyulu
Keyword(s):  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Cytological Data ◽  
Total Chromosome Length ◽  
Diploid Complement ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Snail Tissue

SUMMARYThe karyotype ofTransversotrema patia1enconsists of 10 pairs of chromosomes (2n= 20) of which 5 pairs are metacentrics and 5 pairs are submetacentrics. The chromosomes are large and range in size from 5 to 12 μm. The total chromosome length of the diploid complement is 16783 μm. Stages of spermatogenesis including the two gonial divisions and two reduction divisions leading to production of spermatozoa occur in cercarial embryos inside snail tissue, while the maturation divisions of the ovum occur in eggs freshly liberated by the fluke. The chiasma frequency is high, being 3888/cell and 388/bivalent. Cytological data indicate an independent phylogenetic status for the family Transversotrematidae.

scholarly journals An Epidemic of Primary Tuberculosis in a Canadian Aboriginal Community

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel W Mah ◽  
Elizabeth Anne Fanning
Keyword(s):  
Positive Skin ◽  
Aboriginal Community ◽  
Primary Tuberculosis ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Source Case ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Isoniazid Prophylaxis

In 1987, an outbreak of primary tuberculosis occurred in a Canadian aboriginal community of 350 people. The source case was a young woman who had been symptomatic for four months with smear positive cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. Her 17 siblings and their families were frequent close contacts. Among the 626 persons surveyed in the community and environs, 35 additional active cases of tuberculosis were identified. The mean age of cases was 13 years and the median age 10 years. The method of diagnosis was bacteriological in 20 and radiological in 16. There were 257 positive tuberculin reactors of whom 120 had no previous record of a positive skin test. Isoniazid prophylaxis was recommended to all new reactors, close household contacts, reactors under the age of 35 years and reactors with lung scars. One late case was identified at one year of follow-up in a contact who had refused prophylaxis. The rates of infection and disease were higher in the family (65% and 46%, respectively) than in the community and environs (19% and 5.6%, respectively). This report illustrates the nature of a point source epidemic of primary tuberculosis in a susceptible community with a predictable reservoir of infection. The delay in diagnosis of the source case allowed numerous new infections to occur. However, prompt aggressive contact follow-up was successful in containing the epidemic. To prevent future outbreaks, the reservoir of infected persons must be identified and administered chemoprophylaxis.

The common origin of family and non-family asteroids: Implications for meteorites and NEAs

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S345) ◽  
pp. 281-282
Author(s):  
Stanley F. Dermott ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Apostolos A. Christou
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Main Belt ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Asteroid Families

AbstractThe observed size-frequency distributions (SFDs) of the five major asteroid families in the Inner Main Belt (IMB), defined by Nesvorný (2015) using the Hierarchical Clustering Method (Zappala et al. 1990), are distinctly different and deviate significantly from the linear log-log relation described by Dohnanyi (1969). The existence of these differences in the SFDs, and the fact that the precursor bodies of the major families have distinctly different eccentricities and inclinations, provides an explanation for the observations that the mean sizes of both the family and the non-family asteroids are correlated with their mean proper eccentricities and anti-correlated with their mean proper inclinations. We deduce from this, and from the fact that the SFDs of the family and the non-family asteroids are almost identical, that the family and most of the non-family asteroids in the IMB have a common origin (Dermott et al. 2018).

scholarly journals Comparison between nurses' and families' opinion about priorities of immediate patient's family needs

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Intessar Mohamed Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Individual Needs ◽  
Strongly Agree

Background and objective: Acute critical illness represents a crisis not just for the individual patient however conjointly for the members of the family. Moreover, the admission of the patient represents a sudden crisis allowing no time for its preparation. The responsibilities of critical care nurses extend beyond the patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) to incorporate the members of the family of these patients. Nurses are a primary resource for members of family of ICU patients and they are in a perfect position to assist patients’ members of the family in an applicable approach. For this reason, recognition of these needs by nursing personnel is very important for applying of holistic nursing care. The aims of this study were 1) Ranking the immediate needs of members of family of critically ill patients and nurses. 2) Comparing between nurses, and families, opinion regarding priorities of immediate patient's family needs using Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI).Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the general ICUs of Damanhour Medical Institute which has 15 beds, Damanhour chest hospital which has 7 beds and Itay Elbaroad General Hospital which has 11 beds. The three units have a total of 100 nurses. A questionnaire was used for data collection. It consisted of part one which comprised patient's condition whose families were studied participants, biosocial knowledge related to the members of family and part two which included CCFNI tool. The adapted CCFNI was translated into colloquial Arabic. Participant members of family were individually interviewed by the researcher. Members of family were required to answer each statement with strongly agree, agree, neutral, do not agree and strongly do not agree. The interview took approximately 45 to 60 minutes to be completed, and all interviews took place within the 72 hours' time frame of each patient's admission to the critical care unit. The nurses were approached and given the questionnaires to be filled in by themselves during handover, tea or lunch break.Results: Generally, families ranked their knowledge, proximity and comfort needs higher in importance than the nurses. Also, the knowledge and assurance needs were ranked above the needs for support, comfort, and proximity by our participating nurses and members of family. Moreover, the mean scores of knowledge, proximity, support and comfort needs for members of family were significantly higher than these for nurses. Out of 35 needs of the members of family in the CCFNI, there were no significant differences between the mean scores of the nurses and those of the members of family in 10 individual needs. Results show that the nurses were correct in 10 out of 35 members of family’ individual needs. The remaining mean scores from 25 individual needs showed significant differences between the nurses and actual family needs. Results show that did not meet all the specific family needs during the care of the critically ill patients. Results show that members of family scored significantly higher than nurses on 20 statements while, the nurses scored significantly higher than members of family on only 5 of the statements.Conclusions: Families considered that knowledge then assurance was the most important needs. While nurses considered that assurance then knowledge were the most important needs which indicate that nurses underestimated the needs of the family and family need may be inaccurately evaluated by heath care team and almost unmet. Furthermore, Members of family in this study considered the needs that bring comfort and support as less in priority needs.

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