Changes in triticale chromosome heterochromatin visualized by C-banding

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Jouve ◽  
Carmen Galindo ◽  
Montserrat Mesta ◽  
Fernando Diaz ◽  
Beatriz Albella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Hexaploid Triticale ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
High Level ◽  
Heterochromatin Content

The distribution and characterization of heterochromatin in a series of cultivars, parents, new amphiploids and progeny of hexaploid triticale were comparatively studied using C-banding and morphometric analysis. A high level of intervarietal polymorphism was detected for the banding pattern. The chromosome pairs 4A and 1R presented the most constant pattern of heterochromatin distribution among 31 triticale lines studied. A total of 126 bands have been catalogued, from which 28, 59, and 39 belong, respectively, to the A, B and R genomes. The ratio of polymorphic bands per genome was 23/28, 36/59, and 30/39. The chromosomes displayed heterochromatin modifications consistent in both presence–absence and relative length of their content per genome, when passed from the parents to the amphiploids. Variations in the heterochromatin were also observed among sister plants coming from crosses between wheat and triticale. The heterochromatin content showed gradual tendencies either to increase or decrease in each genome during successive self-cross generations after that cross. The existence of a systematic process of variation of heterochromatin content in triticale is assumed, and the nature of this phenomenon is discussed.Key words: triticale, tetraploid wheat, rye, C-banding, heterochromatin.

C-banding in meiosis: an approach to the study of wheat and rye genome interactions in triticale

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1074-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Galindo ◽  
N. Jouve
Keyword(s):  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Meiotic Behaviour ◽  
Giemsa Banding ◽  
Hexaploid Triticale ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Triticale Line ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Genome Interactions

Meiosis in four primary hexaploid triticale lines, in their component two tetraploid wheat and two rye parents, and in the hybrids obtained by crossing within each ploidic level was studied using Giemsa banding. The individual chromosomes were identified and their meiotic behaviour at first metaphase was analyzed in each line. In each new triticale line, the level of pairing for wheat chromosomes was moderately reduced and for rye chromosomes was very significantly reduced, in comparison with that of the wheat and rye parents used to synthesize it. The pairing intensity observed suggests the presence of a strong negative intergenomic interaction between the rye and wheat genomes in triticale, irrespective of whether the rye is in a homozygous or heterozygous genotypic condition. The homozygosity or heterozygosity in the wheat constituent does not appear to effect the behaviour of the rye chromosomes in triticale.Key words: triticale, meiosis, C-banding, heterosis.

scholarly journals KARYOLOGICAL STUDY IN THE CHILEAN RHATANY Krameria cistoidea HOOK. & ARN. (KRAMERIACEAE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
C. Palma Rojas ◽  
P. Jara Seguel ◽  
M. García ◽  
E. von Brand ◽  
C. Araya Jaime
Keyword(s):  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Karyological Study ◽  
C Banding ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Karyotype Morphology ◽  
Two Populations

The karyotype of the plant species Krameria cistoidea Hook. & Arn. was studied by assessing chromosome characters such as morphology, size, and C-banding pattern. The karyotype of K. cistoidea was composed only by metacentric chromosomes in the two populations studied. The haploid set length was 51.9±2.3 µm and the mean chromosome size was 8.68±0.78 µm. Some similarities in chromosome morphology and size can be observed among K. cistoidea and K. triandra, in addition to the chromosome number 2n=12 which is conserved within the genus. K. cistoidea exhibited a symmetric banding pattern with large C-bands in the telomeres of the short and long arms of all chromosomes, except the short arm of pair 1. The relative length of the C-bands was 23.5% of the total haploid set length. These cytological results on K. cistoidea are the first data on quantitative karyotype morphology and C-banding patterns in the genus Krameria. Key words: Krameria, karyotype, C-banding

scholarly journals Introgression and Characterization of a Goatgrass Gene for a High Level of Resistance to Ug99 Stem Rust in Tetraploid Wheat

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl L. Klindworth ◽  
Zhixia Niu ◽  
Shiaoman Chao ◽  
Timothy L. Friesen ◽  
Yue Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
High Level

Molecular Characterization of Broomrape Populations from Republic of Moldova using SSR Markers

Helia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (66) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Duca ◽  
Angela Port ◽  
Adriana Boicu ◽  
Tatiana Șestacova
Keyword(s):  
High Variability ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level ◽  
Genetic Diversity Study ◽  
Diversity Study

AbstractThe genetic diversity study of 39 broomrape populations from the Republic of Moldova was performed using 12 highly polymorphic SSR primer pairs, which shown the high level of polymorphism (average PIC value 0.57). We found that some of the SSR primers (Ocum-59 and Ocum-108) produced polymorphic bands suitable for discrimination between the studied populations. The diversity analysis within broomrape populations revealed a higher number of detected alleles and heterozygous loci in the accessions from the Southern region when compared to the Northern and Central ones. The average PIC values for the Northern, Central and Southern accessions ranged from 0.43, 0.48 to 0.56, respectively. Some populations from the Southern region (especially, Carabetovca, Alexanderfeld, Stefan-Voda and Slobozia Mare) have shown the major differences in the profiles obtained and presented the high level of genetic variability. The dendrogram based on genetic distance divided the 39 broomrape accessions into twelve clusters. High variability of

scholarly journals Diversity of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] Landraces in Mozambique: New Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Future Breeding Programs

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Figueira Gomes ◽  
David Draper ◽  
Nascimento Nhantumbo ◽  
Rafael Massinga ◽  
José C. Ramalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Nutrition Sensitive

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a neglected crop native to Africa, with an outstanding potential to contribute to the major challenges in food and nutrition security, as well as in agricultural sustainability. Two major issues regarding cowpea research have been highlighted in recent years—the establishment of core collections and the characterization of landraces—as crucial to the implementation of environmentally resilient and nutrition-sensitive production systems. In this work, we have collected, mapped, and characterized the morphological attributes of 61 cowpea genotypes, from 10 landraces spanning across six agro-ecological zones and three provinces in Mozambique. Our results reveal that local landraces retain a high level of morphological diversity without a specific geographical pattern, suggesting the existence of gene flow. Nevertheless, accessions from one landrace, i.e., Maringué, seem to be the most promising in terms of yield and nutrition-related parameters, and could therefore be integrated into the ongoing conservation and breeding efforts in the region towards the production of elite varieties of cowpea.

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