The Brassica self-incompatibility multigene family

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 969-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen G. Dwyer ◽  
Anna Chao ◽  
Betty Cheng ◽  
Che-Hong Chen ◽  
June B. Nasrallah
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Genomic Organization ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
S Locus ◽  
S Gene ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Genomic Regions

The pollen–stigma interaction of self-incompatibility in Brassica species is controlled by a single genetic locus, the S locus. This locus encodes the S locus specific glycoproteins of the stigma. Hybridization of restriction enzyme digested genomic DNA isolated from homozygous strains of Brassica with cDNA probes encoding these glycoproteins yields a pattern of multiple fragments of varying size and intensity. The presence of S sequences as multiple related copies in the Brassica oleracea genome has been verified by the cloning of several different genomic regions containing S homology. Probes capable of distinguishing between S gene copies have been obtained and have demonstrated that two such copies are expressed. Characterization of additional probes specific for S gene copies will permit the study of the expression of the other copies, and the analysis of the genomic organization of the self-incompatibility multigene family.Key words: self-incompatibility, Brassica, cDNA probes.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of S Locus Genes, SLG and SRK, in a Pollen-Recessive Self-Incompatibility Haplotype of Brassica rapa L

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 1587-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunori Hatakeyama ◽  
Takeshi Takasaki ◽  
Masao Watanabe ◽  
Kokichi Hinata
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
S Locus ◽  
Intron Sequence ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Abstract In Brassica species that exhibit self-incompatibility, two genes, SLG and SRK, at the S locus are involved in the recognition reaction with self and non-self pollen. From a pollen-recessive S29 haplotype of Brassica rapa, both cDNA and genomic DNA clones for these two genes were isolated and characterized. The nucleotide sequence for the S domain of SRK29 showed a high degree of similarity with that of SLG29, and they belong to Class II type. RNA gel blot analysis showed that the transcript of SLG29 consisted of the first and second exons, and no other transcript containing any part of the intron sequence was detected. Because no transmembrane domain was encoded by the second exon of SLG29, SLG29 was designated a secreted type glycoprotein. SLGs of two other pollen-recessive haplotypes, S40 and S44, of B. rapa also had a similar structure to that of SLG29. Previously, SLG2 from a pollen-recessive haplotype, S2, of Brassica oleracea was found to produce two different transcripts, one for the secreted type glycoprotein and the other for a putative membrane-anchored form of SLG. Therefore, the nature of these SLGs from pollen-recessive haplotypes of B. rapa is different from that of SLG2 of B. oleracea.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Common S Haplotype BnS-6 in the Self-Incompatibility of Brassica napus

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2186
Author(s):  
Zhiquan Liu ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Yong Yang ◽  
Changbin Gao ◽  
Bin Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
S Locus ◽  
S Haplotype ◽  
Self Compatibility

Self-incompatibility (SI) is a pollen-stigma recognition system controlled by a single and highly polymorphic genetic locus known as the S-locus. The S-locus exists in all Brassica napus (B. napus, AACC), but natural B. napus accessions are self-compatible. About 100 and 50 S haplotypes exist in Brassica rapa (AA) and Brassica oleracea (CC), respectively. However, S haplotypes have not been detected in B. napus populations. In this study, we detected the S haplotype distribution in B. napus and ascertained the function of a common S haplotype BnS-6 through genetic transformation. BnS-1/BnS-6 and BnS-7/BnS-6 were the main S haplotypes in 523 B. napus cultivars and inbred lines. The expression of SRK in different S haplotypes was normal (the expression of SCR in the A subgenome affected the SI phenotype) while the expression of BnSCR-6 in the C subgenome had no correlation with the SI phenotype in B. napus. The BnSCR-6 protein in BnSCR-6 overexpressed lines was functional, but the self-compatibility of overexpressed lines did not change. The low expression of BnSCR-6 could be a reason for the inactivation of BnS-6 in the SI response of B. napus. This study lays a foundation for research on the self-compatibility mechanism and the SI-related breeding in B. napus.

scholarly journals Self-Incompatibility in the Genus Arabidopsis: Characterization of the S Locus in the Outcrossing A. lyrata and Its Autogamous Relative A. thaliana

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Kusaba ◽  
Kathleen Dwyer ◽  
Jennifer Hendershot ◽  
Julia Vrebalov ◽  
June B. Nasrallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
S Locus

scholarly journals Transcriptome and Network Analyses of Heterostyly in Turnera subulata Provide Mechanistic Insights: Are S-Loci a Red-Light for Pistil Elongation?

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige M. Henning ◽  
Joel S. Shore ◽  
Andrew G. McCubbin
Keyword(s):  
Red Light ◽  
Genetic Networks ◽  
Light Signaling ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
S Locus ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
S Gene ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Pistil Length ◽  
S Genes

Heterostyly employs distinct hermaphroditic floral morphs to enforce outbreeding. Morphs differ structurally in stigma/anther positioning, promoting cross-pollination, and physiologically blocking self-fertilization. Heterostyly is controlled by a self-incompatibility (S)-locus of a small number of linked S-genes specific to short-styled morph genomes. Turnera possesses three S-genes, namely TsBAHD (controlling pistil characters), TsYUC6, and TsSPH1 (controlling stamen characters). Here, we compare pistil and stamen transcriptomes of floral morphs of T. subulata to investigate hypothesized S-gene function(s) and whether hormonal differences might contribute to physiological incompatibility. We then use network analyses to identify genetic networks underpinning heterostyly. We found a depletion of brassinosteroid-regulated genes in short styled (S)-morph pistils, consistent with hypothesized brassinosteroid-inactivating activity of TsBAHD. In S-morph anthers, auxin-regulated genes were enriched, consistent with hypothesized auxin biosynthesis activity of TsYUC6. Evidence was found for auxin elevation and brassinosteroid reduction in both pistils and stamens of S- relative to long styled (L)-morph flowers, consistent with reciprocal hormonal differences contributing to physiological incompatibility. Additional hormone pathways were also affected, however, suggesting S-gene activities intersect with a signaling hub. Interestingly, distinct S-genes controlling pistil length, from three species with independently evolved heterostyly, potentially intersect with phytochrome interacting factor (PIF) network hubs which mediate red/far-red light signaling. We propose that modification of the activities of PIF hubs by the S-locus could be a common theme in the evolution of heterostyly.

scholarly journals 227 HYBRIDIZATION OF THE BRASSICA SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY GENE WITH HAZELNUT

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 462a-462
Author(s):  
Cheryl R. Hampson ◽  
Anita N. Azarenko
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Parent Plant ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
S Gene ◽  
Allelic Gene ◽  
Gene Similarity

Self-incompatibility, a genetic mechanism enforcing out crossing, is most commonly controlled by a single, multi-allelic gene, designated the S-gene. Sporophytic self-incompatibility (SSI), a form of incompatibility determined by the parent plant rather than the gametes, is present in the Brassicaceae, Compositae and other families, and also in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). Little is known about the molecular basis of SSI in plants other than crucifers. An S-gene cloned from Brassica oleracea (donated by Dr. June Nasrallah, Cornell University) was used to probe genomic DNA obtained from seven hazelnut genotypes. DNA hybridization was observed in cultivars `Hall's Giant' and `Willamette'. Gene similarity was estimated to be 70-80%.

scholarly journals Characterization of S haplotype in a new self-compatible Brassica rapa cultivar Dahuangyoucai

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
C. Ma ◽  
D. Yin ◽  
W. Zhu ◽  
C. Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Species ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
S Locus ◽  
S Haplotype ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Female Determinant ◽  
First Time ◽  
S Locus Glycoprotein ◽  
Signalling Cascade

The most important Brassica species, B. rapa, is naturally self-incompatible. Self-compatible mutants would be useful for dissecting the molecular mechanism of self-incompatibility (SI), a process that promotes outcrossing by recognizing and refusing self-pollens. The S haplotype in a new self-compatible B. rapa cultivar, Dahuangyoucai, was characterized for the first time in this study. Sequence analysis of the S-locus genes, SLG (S-locus glycoprotein), SRK (S-locus receptor kinase) and SCR (S-locus cysteine-rich protein) revealed that Dahuangyoucai contained S haplotype highly similar to S-f2, a non-functional class I S haplotype identified in another self-compatible B. rapa cultivar, Yellow Sarson. Mutations of MLPK (M-locus protein kinase) and non-transcription of the male determinant, SCR, were observed in this cultivar, which is similar to the situation reported in Yellow Sarson. With respect to the female determinant, SRK, no transcript was detected in Yellow Sarson but two fragments were detected in Dahuangyoucai. One fragment was highly similar to SRK-f2, but the other fragment was different from the signal factors previously identified in the SI reaction. The results suggest that Dahuangyoucai and Yellow Sarson have the same origin and a similar mechanism of self-compatibility, but diverge after mutations in SRK, SCR and MLPK. Further studying the self-compatibility of Dahuangyoucai might identify novel factors involved in the SI signalling cascade and provide new insights into the mechanisms of SI in Brassicaceae.

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