An autotetraploid model for genetic analysis of ozone tolerance in potato, Solanum tuberosum L.

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Dragoescu ◽  
R. R. Hill Jr. ◽  
E. J. Pell
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Sums Of Squares ◽  
Ozone Tolerance ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
Nonadditive Effects

A genetic model for the analysis of descendants of two autotetraploid parents was developed and applied to genetic analysis of ozone tolerance in the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The model was developed for two alleles with chromosome segregation at a single locus and contained 13 parameters. Assumptions about the genotype of the parents were not required. A multiple regression approach was used to derive sums of squares associated with the different parameters. Additive genetic effects for ozone resistance were more important than nonadditive genetic effects in the descendants of two sets of crosses. Deviations from the genetic model were not significant in either cross. Digenic effects and parameters associated with a disequilibrium constant were the only other significant effects, but sums of squares owing to these effects were much smaller than those for additive effects. Generation means derived from the crosses indicated that part of the nonadditive effects may have been caused by inbreeding depression. An alternative model with only additive genetic effects and a parameter with the coefficient of inbreeding as the coefficient was evaluated. The alternative model did not fit the observed data as well as the original model. Key words: ozone tolerance, potato, Solanum.

A Genetic Analysis of Taste Threshold for Phenylthiocarbamide

1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Morton ◽  
R. M. Cantor ◽  
L. A. Corey ◽  
W. E. Nance
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Taste Threshold ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Jackknife Procedure ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Taste threshold for phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) was measured in 393 offspring from the families of 85 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs. PTC scores were bimodally distributed with modes at one and eight and the antimode at five. Because of the non-normality of the distribution, a jackknife procedure was used to obtain 95% confidence intervals for the estimates of genetic, maternal, and environmental parameters. Analyses which assumed no epistasis and which included additive genetic effects revealed that 37.9% of the observed variation in PTC threshold was due to additive genetic effects, 16.6% was due to dominance effects, 14.2% was due to maternal effects, 13.7% was due to a common sibship environment, and 17.6% was due to random environmental effects, yielding a broad sense heritability of 0.55 for the threshold ability to taste PTC. Analyses which did not include additive genetic effects revealed 26.6% of the observed variance was due to dominance effects, 23.6% to maternal effects, and 49.8% to environmental effects at the 0.67 confidence levels, but that environmental factors accounted for 72.4% and dominance effects for 23.6% of the observed variation at the 95% level.

Field Screening for Variation of Drought Tolerance in Solanum tuberosum L. by Agronomical, Physiological and Genetic Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Schafleitner ◽  
Raymundo Gutierrez ◽  
Ricardo Espino ◽  
Amelie Gaudin ◽  
José Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Field Screening

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis of Dry Matter Content, Reducing Sugars and Yield of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Genotypes in Uganda

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Edgar Muhumuza ◽  
Richard Edema ◽  
Prossy Namugga ◽  
Alex Barekye
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Uganda is a major food and cash crop mainly grown in the highland regions by small-scale farmers. The increasing importance of potato as a processed product requires new varieties possessing quality processing attributes with acceptable yield. The objectives of this study were to estimate the combining ability effects for dry matter content, reducing sugars, and yield related traits in potato. Nineteen F1 families generated from eight parents using a half diallel mating design were evaluated for dry matter content, reducing sugars, average weight per tuber and total tuber yield at Kachwekano research station. Additive genetic effects were predominant for dry matter content while non-additive effects for the other traits. The GCA/SCA ratios were 0.58, 0.28, 0.17 and 0.44 for dry matter content, reducing sugars, average weight per tuber and total tuber yield respectively. Broad sense heritability estimates were 50.6% for dry matter content, 77.8% for reducing sugars, 90.3% for average weight per tuber and 29.5% for total tuber yield. Parents NAROPOT 3 and 395096.2 had desirable GCA effects for both dry matter content and reducing sugars. Families of nkrk19.17 x Rutuku had desirable SCA effects for dry matter content while Rutuku x 393077.54 and nkrk19.17 x 392657.8 had desirable SCA effects for reducing sugars. Additive genetic effects for dry matter content imply that, genetic gains can be achieved through different selection methods and trait transferred to the respective progenies. The selected parents and families will be subjected to further clonal evaluation and selection.

Genetic Factors Account for Half of the Phenotypic Variance in Liability to Sleep-Related Bruxism in Young Adults: A Nationwide Finnish Twin Cohort Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 714-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katariina Rintakoski ◽  
Christer Hublin ◽  
Frank Lobbezoo ◽  
Richard J. Rose ◽  
Jaakko Kaprio
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine the role of genetic and environmental factors in the phenotypic variance of bruxism in a large population-based cohort of young adult twins in Finland.Methods: The material of the present study derives from the FinnTwin16 cohort study consisting of five birth cohorts of twin pairs born in 1975–1979 who completed a questionnaire (at mean age 24, range 23–27 years) with data on frequency of sleep-related bruxism in 2000–2002. We used quantitative genetic modeling, based on the genetic similarity of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, to estimate the most probable genetic model for bruxism, based on decomposition of phenotypic variance into components: additive genetic effects (A), dominant genetic effects (D), and non-shared environmental effects (E).Results: On average, 8.7% experienced bruxism weekly, 23.4% rarely, and 67.9% never, with no significant gender difference (p = .052). The best fitting genetic model for bruxism was the AE-model. Additive genetic effects accounted for 52% (95% CI 0.41–0.62) of the total phenotypic variance. Sex-limitation model revealed no gender differences.Conclusions: Genetic factors account for a substantial proportion of the phenotypic variation of the liability to sleep-related bruxism, with no gender difference in its genetic architecture.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of the cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum L. Phureja Group using RAPDs and nuclear SSRs

2006 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 1515-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ghislain ◽  
D. Andrade ◽  
F. Rodríguez ◽  
R. J. Hijmans ◽  
D. M. Spooner
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
Nuclear Ssrs

Situación económica y social de la población de San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cadena-Iñiguez ◽  
Eileen Salinas-Cruz ◽  
Jesús Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
Mariano Morales-Guerra ◽  
Romualdo Vásquez-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Objetivo: Establecer una línea base como fundamento para la intervención e inducción de innovaciones a través de escuelas de campo y planes de negocios. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: El estudio se desarrolló en San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, México. Se elaboró una encuesta como instrumento para recabar en campo información de familias de la localidad con la finalidad de conocer su situación actual. La localidad de trabajo se eligió utilizando como criterio las poblaciones que se encuentran dentro de Cruzada Nacional contra el hambre y en la clasificación de la pobreza extrema Resultados: La localidad de San José del Carmen es considerada como de alta marginación, la población es bilingüe, su principal lengua es el Tzotzil, el nivel de estudios promedio es hasta el tercer año de primaria, las principales actividades productivas son la siembra de maíz (Zea mays L.), frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) y haba (Vicia faba L.) que son utilizadas principalmente para autoconsumo.  No cuentan con agua potable ya que su sistema es a través de la recaudación de agua de lluvia o a través de un jagüey. Sus principales actividades económicas son la albañilería por parte de los hombres, y venta de productos, tales como el pozol (bebida energética a base de maíz y cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), tostadas y algunos vegetales por parte de las mujeres. Las tostadas son producidas en forma artesanal con un proceso de doble nixtamalización y vendida en bolsas de 20 tostadas cada una, a un costo de MX$10.00 en los mercados de San Cristóbal de las Casas, una a dos veces por semana alrededor de 40 bolsas por día de venta. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: La afiliación zapatista de alguno de los pobladores y el hecho de que algunos habitantes no hablen español, fueron factores que limitaron desarrollar al 100% el estudio; sin embargo, se considera que se tienen los elementos necesarios para establecer la línea base de la situación de San José del Carmen. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico servirá como una herramienta para establecer una intervención a través de innovaciones y planes de negocios en la comunidad de estudio. Los pobladores cuentan con herramientas necesarias para obtener nuevos conocimientos que ayuden a un desarrollo de su producción. El idioma no deberá de ser una limitante para ello.

ALLELE DIVERSITY FOR ACID VACUOLAR INVERTASE GENE Pain-1 FRAGMENT IN POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.) VARIETIES AND LINES

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
M.A. Slugina ◽  
◽  
E.O. Shmelkova ◽  
A.A. Meleshin ◽  
E.Z. Kochieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Vacuolar Invertase ◽  
Invertase Gene

Respon Pemberian Aspirin dan Kinetin Terhadap Pembentukan Umbi Mikro Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunita Prameswari ◽  
FNU Djenal ◽  
FNU Damanhuri
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L

Kebutuhan kentang yang semakin tinggi menyebabkan permintaan semakin meningkat. Rendahnya produksi kentang mengakibatkan berbagai upaya untuk peningkatan produksi terus dilakukan. Penggunaan metode kultur jaringan yaitu metode untuk mengisolasi bagian tanaman seperti protoplasma, sel, sekelompok sel, jaringan dan organ dalam kondisi aseptik, sehingga dapat diperbanyak dan beregenerasi menjadi tanaman utuh dapat dijadikan alternatif pemenuhan kebutuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecepatan pembentukan umbi mikro kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) varietas granola kembang secarain vitro dengan menggunakan dua faktor dan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu aspirin dengan tiga taraf (5,10,15) ppm. Faktor kedua yaitu kinetin dalam tiga taraf (8,10,12) ppm. Penelitian menggunakan seluruh propagul kentang yang berumur 30 hari setelah subkultur dan data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa interaksi aspirin dan kinetin tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah akar, kedinian umbi, dan bobot umbi. Interaksi perlakuan terbaik bagi pembentukan tunas yaitu A2K1 aspirin 10 ppm dan kinetin 8 ppm sedangkan Interaksi perlakuan terbaik pada parameter jumlah umbi yaituA3K2 aspirin 15 ppm dan kinetin 10.

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