Early seed development in Triticum-Secale amphiploids

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 542-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Gustafson ◽  
A. J. Lukaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Hybrid Wheat ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Wheat Embryo ◽  
Telomeric Heterochromatin ◽  
Early Seed Development ◽  
Developmental Characteristics

Considerable variation was observed in the early embryo and endosperm developmental patterns of several Triticum durum × Secale species (africanum, cereale, dighoricum, kuprijanovii, montanum, segetale, vavilovii) amphiploids. However, the Triticum – S. africanum hybrid was the only one which developed at a faster rate than either of its parents. Its endosperm became cellular and began depositing starch at least 24 h before any previously analyzed cereal. The influence of Secale DNA and heterochromatin on the developmental patterns of the amphiploids was exactly the opposite of that in the genus Secale itself (i.e., as the amount of telomeric heterochromatin increases developmental speed decreases). The results, in general, suggest that the control of Secale developmental characteristics, whether they are genotypic or nucleotypic, are suppressed when placed in a wheat background.Key words: triticale, heterochromatin, interspecific hybrid, wheat embryo.

Early seed development in the annual and perennial Secale taxa

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Gustafson ◽  
A. J. Lukaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Embryo Cell ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Embryo Cells ◽  
Telomeric Heterochromatin ◽  
Early Seed Development

The early embryo and endosperm development patterns of five annual taxa and three perennial taxa of the genus Secale were analyzed. The results showed that there was considerable variation in the speed of early embryo and endosperm development within the genus Secale, and that the developmental patterns of the annual and perennial taxa overlapped. Comparisons indicated that DNA content per se did not have any influence on the speed of early embryo development or aberrant endosperm nucleus production in either the annual or perennial taxa. However, comparisons between the percent telomeric heterochromatin and the number of embryo cells produced showed a significant positive correlation in the annual taxa, and a nonsignificant correlation in the perennial taxa. There was a positive correlation between the number of aberrant endosperm nuclei and percent telomeric heterochromatin in the annual taxa, while the perennial taxa showed a nonsignificant but negative correlation. The results suggest that percent telomeric heterochromatin has a different effect on early seed development in the annual taxa than in the perennial taxa.Key words: Secale, heterochromatin, DNA content, embryo cell cycle.

scholarly journals The ERA-related GTPase AtERG2 associated with mitochondria 18S RNA is essential for early embryo development inArabidopsis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengyu Cheng ◽  
Hongjuan Li ◽  
Linlin Yuan ◽  
Huiyong Li ◽  
Lele Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Leaf Vein ◽  
Similar Phenotype ◽  
Early Seed Development

AbstractThe ERA (E. coliRAS-like protein)-related GTPase (ERG) is a nuclear-encoded GTPase with two conserved domains: a GTPase domain and a K Homology domain. ERG plays a vital role in early seed development inAntirrhinum majus. However, the mechanism that regulates seed development remains unclear. Blasting the genome sequence revealed two homologies of ERG, AtERG1, and AtERG2 inArabidopsis. In this study, we found that AtERG2 is localised in the mitochondria and binds mitochondrial 18S RNA. Promoter and transcript analyses indicated thatAtERG2was mainly expressed in the leaf vein, trichome, mature pollen, and ovule. The mutants ofAtERG2showed recessive lethal, gametophytic maternal effects, silique shortage, and early seed abortion, in which some seeds arrested in the zygotic stage at 1.5 days after pollination (DAP) and aborted at 2.0 DAP inaterg2-1+/-. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated at 1.5 DAP in the arrested seeds, and the transcription of several ROS-responsible genes,WRKY40,ANAC017, andAOXla, was up-regulated in theaterg2-1+/- seeds which were arrested 1.5 and 2.0 DAP but not in wild-type (WT) andaterg2-1+/- seeds. The cell death-related gene BAG6 was also transcriptionally activated inaterg2-1+/- seeds arrested at 2.0 DAP. Chloramphenicol treatment during pollination induced a similar phenotype and gene expression pattern but showed no transcriptional changes of ANAC017 in WT. These results suggested thatAtERG2promotes early seed development by affecting the maturation of the mitochondria ribosome small subunit and mitochondrial protein translation inArabidopsis.

Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of early seed development in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiehua Qiu ◽  
Yuxuan Hou ◽  
Xiaohong Tong ◽  
Yifeng Wang ◽  
Haiyan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Early Seed Development

The amino acid permease AAP8 is important for early seed development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Planta ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 226 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Schmidt ◽  
Harald Stransky ◽  
Wolfgang Koch
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Amino Acid Permease ◽  
Early Seed Development

scholarly journals Arabidopsis LORELEI, a Maternally Expressed Imprinted Gene, Promotes Early Seed Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 758-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbing Wang ◽  
Tatsuya Tsukamoto ◽  
Jennifer A. Noble ◽  
Xunliang Liu ◽  
Rebecca A. Mosher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Imprinted Gene ◽  
Early Seed Development

CAROTENOIDS IN DURUM WHEAT: DEVELOPMENTAL PATTERNS DURING TWO GROWING SEASONS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. LACROIX ◽  
J. B. LIER
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Pigment Synthesis ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pigment Concentrations ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Β Carotene

Variations in seed pigment concentrations of Triticum durum Desf. cv. Hercules were studied during two growing seasons. In the second season, the effects on seed pigment of spraying durum wheat with CPTA (chlorophenylthiotriethylamine) at 3.9 kg/ha, 1 and 2 wk after flowering were also studied. Normal pigment synthesis showed one period of synthesis for chlorophyll, but two for carotenoids. One complement of carotenoids seems to be associated with the chloroplast, while the other is probably located in the endosperm. CPTA appeared to affect the size and duration of chlorophyll and α + β carotene pools. Lutein concentrations at 33 days after flowering were at the same level in sprayed and non-sprayed samples. Since mature seeds showed pigment increases of up to 20% after spraying with CPTA, a late synthesis of lutein is indicated.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of SWEET gene family in Litchi chinensis reveal the involvement of LcSWEET2a/3b in early seed development

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanhan Xie ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Yaqi Qin ◽  
Anna Ma ◽  
Jiaxin Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Phloem Loading ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree Analysis ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Litchi Chinensis ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Early Seed Development

Abstract Background SWEETs (Sugar Will Eventually be Exported transporters) function as sugar efflux transporters that perform diverse physiological functions, including phloem loading, nectar secretion, seed filling, and pathogen nutrition. The SWEET gene family has been identified and characterized in a number of plant species, but little is known about in Litchi chinensis, which is an important evergreen fruit crop. Results In this study, 16 LcSWEET genes were identified and nominated according to its homologous genes in Arabidopsis and grapevine. Multiple sequence alignment showed that the 7 alpha-helical transmembrane domains (7-TMs) were basically conserved in LcSWEETs. The LcSWEETs were divided into four clades (Clade I to Clade IV) by phylogenetic tree analysis. A total of 8 predicted motifs were detected in the litchi LcSWEET genes. The 16 LcSWEET genes were unevenly distributed in 9 chromosomes and there was one pairs of segmental duplicated events by synteny analysis. The expression patterns of the 16 LcSWEET genes showed higher expression levels in reproductive organs. The temporal and spatial expression patterns of LcSWEET2a and LcSWEET3b indicated they play central roles during early seed development. Conclusions The litchi genome contained 16 SWEET genes, and most of the genes were expressed in different tissues. Gene expression suggested that LcSWEETs played important roles in the growth and development of litchi fruits. Genes that regulate early seed development were preliminarily identified. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the SWEET gene family in litchi, laying a strong foundation for further functional studies of LcSWEET genes and improvement of litchi fruits.

scholarly journals A role for LORELEI, a putative glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, in Arabidopsis thaliana double fertilization and early seed development

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Tsukamoto ◽  
Yuan Qin ◽  
Yiding Huang ◽  
Damayanthi Dunatunga ◽  
Ravishankar Palanivelu
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Double Fertilization ◽  
Early Seed Development
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