CHROMOSOMAL POLYMORPHISM IN CARDINALS CARDINALIS CARDINALIS

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Bass
Keyword(s):  
Pericentric Inversion ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Junco Hyemalis ◽  
Zonotrichia Albicollis ◽  
Cardinalis Cardinalis

Karyotypic analyses of Cardinalis cardinalis (Linnaeus) (Passeriformes: Fringillidae) reveal a diploid number of approximately 84. Three different karyotypes were observed resulting from polymorphism of one macrochromosome pair. It is suggested that the observed polymorphism resulted from a single pericentric inversion. Similarities between karyotypes of this species and those of Zonotrichia albicollis and Junco hyemalis are discussed.

CHROMOSOMAL POLYMORPHISM COMMON TO SEVERAL SPECIES OF JUNCO (AVES)

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald F. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Pericentric Inversion ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Junco Hyemalis ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Chromosome 5 ◽  
Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Mating Population ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

Karyotypes were obtained from primary kidney cultures of nearly 250 individuals belonging to six nominate species of the avian genus Junco. Chromosome 2 was found to be dimorphic in four of the six species and chromosome 5 was dimorphic in five of the six species. The dimorphism appears to be due to the presence of a pericentric inversion in each of these autosomes. It is hypothesized that chromosomes 2 and 5 are ancestral and gave rise to chromosomes 2sm and 5m respectively. The sample of the slate-colored junco, Junco hyemalis, the largest studied, conforms to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and suggests that a random sample was drawn from a randomly mating population.

scholarly journals The Chromosomal Polymorphism Linked to Variation in Social Behavior in the White-Throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) Is a Complex Rearrangement and Suppressor of Recombination

Genetics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 1455-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Thomas ◽  
Mario Cáceres ◽  
Joshua J. Lowman ◽  
Caroline B. Morehouse ◽  
Meghan E. Short ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Zonotrichia Albicollis ◽  
Complex Rearrangement

scholarly journals Haplotype-Based Genomic Sequencing of a Chromosomal Polymorphism in the White-Throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis)

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Davis ◽  
L. B. Mittel ◽  
J. J. Lowman ◽  
P. J. Thomas ◽  
D. L. Maney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Genomic Sequencing ◽  
Zonotrichia Albicollis

A Hybrid Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis + Junco hyemalis)

The Auk ◽  
1893 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witmer Stone
Keyword(s):  
Junco Hyemalis ◽  
Zonotrichia Albicollis ◽  
Hybrid Sparrow

scholarly journals Karyotypic analysis in species of the genus Dasyprocta (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae) found in Brazilian Amazon

2003 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSEMAR S. L. RAMOS ◽  
WILLIAM G. VALE ◽  
FÁTIMA L. ASSIS
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Pericentromeric Region ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Karyotypic Analysis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Culture

A total of 30 animals of the genus Dasyprocta were cytogenetically studied. They belong to the following species: D. prymnolopha (N=20), D. leporina (N=6), D. fuliginosa (N=1) and Dasyprocta sp. (N=3) (Dasyproctidae, Hystricognathi). Cell suspensions were obtained by peripheral blood culture, besides bone marrow and spleen cells, from D. prymnolopha and D. leporina. The diploid number was 64/65 for all samples. The karyotypes showed similarity, and chromosomal polymorphism was not detected by Giemsa conventional staining and G banding. The constitutive heterochromatin distribution at the pericentromeric region of all the chromosomes was similar in all species. D. prymnolopha, D. leporina and Dasyprocta sp. presented variation in the heterochromatical block size at one of the homologues of the A18 pair. D. fuliginosa presented the heterochromatin uniformly distributed in all chromosomes. There was not variation in the NORs pattern in the species studied.

Genetic variability in Muscari comosum L. (Liliaceae). II. Characterization and effects of the polymorphic variants of chromosome 2 on chiasmata formation

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-701
Author(s):  
C. Ruiz Rejon ◽  
R. Lozano ◽  
M. Ruiz Rejon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Pericentric Inversion ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
Insertional Translocation ◽  
Normal Pairing

Muscari comosum L. (Liliaceae) displays a striking chromosomal polymorphism in the second largest chromosome. This polymorphism involves four cosmopolitan types. Two of these are shorter than the other two homologues. One of these is submetacentric (SSM) and the other is subtelocentric (SST). The two longer types also include a submetacentric (LSM) and a subtelocentric (LST) morph. Each of the two submetacentric chromosomes has one interstitial C-band in the short arm and each of the two subtelocentric morphs has an interstitial C-band in the long arm. The change of position of this interstitial C-band is most easily explained by a pericentric inversion. Furthermore, all four types of chromosome 2 have a centromeric C-band, while the two subtelocentrics have an additional terminal C-band in the long arm. The variability in the size of the second chromosome is most likely the consequence of an unequal interchange or an insertional translocation. The meiotic behaviour of the chromosome 2 bivalents in individuals heterozygous for the pericentric inversion is characterized by normal pairing between homologues with no inversion loops, though asynapsis was present in some meiocytes. Chiasmata are absent in two regions of chromosome 2 bivalents in these heterozygotes in which they regularly form in both classes of homozygotes. In individuals heterozygous for the long morphs of chromosome 2 the bivalents again showed normal pairing at pachytene, with chiasmata again absent in some regions in which they normally form. The net result is that homozygotes have significantly higher chiasmata frequencies than hterozygotes. Key words: genetic variability, chiasma formation, Muscari.

Chromosome-banding study of the Alaska blackfish, Dallia pectoralis (Euteleostei: Esocae), with implications for karyotype evolution and relationship of esocoid fishes

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Crossman ◽  
P. Ráb
Keyword(s):  
Diploid Number ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
River System ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Yukon River ◽  
Colville River ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Banding Study

Chromosomes of Dallia pectoralis from two widely separated locations in Alaska (Yukon River system and Colville River) were analyzed by Giemsa staining, C-banding, and Chromomycin A3 fluorescence. The karyotype was redescribed more precisely. The diploid number 2n = 78 was found, but a significant number of cells with 74–77 chromosomes in individuals from the Yukon River indicate chromosomal polymorphism in the species. The diploid chromosome number of individuals from Colville River was constant (2n = 74). Colville River individuals had one more pair of metacentrics than Yukon River individuals with 2n = 76. The distribution of heterochromatin was nearly the same, and the number and location of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) was identical. The variation (71–79) may be attributable to the association of NOR-bearing chromosomes or to chromosomal distinction between populations in the two rivers. The results suggest close relationships among all the species of Umbra, a closer relationship between Novumbra and Dallia than either bears to Umbra, and a possible closer relationship between Umbra and Esox than between Esox and Novumbra plus Dallia.

Karyotypic characterization of some Liolaemus lizards in Chile (Iguanidae)

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Lamborot ◽  
E. Alvarez-Sarret
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Pericentric Inversion ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Cytological Study ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Chromosomal Variation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Karyotypic Variation

A comparative cytological study of 10 taxa of Liolaemus from different localities in Chile shows that several of them display a conservative karyotype, with six pairs of macrochromosomes similar in size and shape to other species within Liolaemus that are believed to be primitive in the family. These karyotypes may exhibit interspecific variation in the number and shape of the microchromosome pairs 7, 8, and 9 and in the chiasmata characteristics, thus permitting chromosomal characterization at the species level. Other taxa show an increased diploid number of chromosomes, mainly explained by Robertsonian derivation, pericentric inversion, translocation, and triploidy. One species presents intraspecific chromosomal variation. Thus, chromosomes can serve as genetic markers and improve our understanding of the evolution, systematics, and population genetics of these iguanids.Key words: Liolaemus (Iguanidae), karyotypic variation, chiasmata, triploidy.

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