CHROMOSOME LOCATION OF GENES CONDITIONING RESISTANCE TO CLAVICEPS PURPUREA IN SPRING AND DURUM WHEAT

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Platford ◽  
C. C. Bernier ◽  
L. E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Claviceps Purpurea ◽  
Chromosome Location ◽  
Resistant Reaction ◽  
Or Genes ◽  
Chromosome 3B ◽  
Three Components

The chromosome location of genes conferring resistance to Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul. in Triticum aestivum L. cv. Kenya Farmer and T. durum Desf. cv. Carleton was determined. A substitution series of individual chromosomes of Kenya Farmer into the susceptible T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring and the F1 plants of Carleton crossed with the Chinese Spring monosomics for the A and B genomes were used. Chromosome 6B of Kenya Farmer and 1B of Carleton appeared to carry a gene or genes conditioning resistance to all three components of the resistant reaction, i.e. frequency and size of sclerotia and honeydew production. In addition, chromosome 3B of Carleton appeared to reduce the sclerotia frequency and honeydew production while several chromosomes of both Kenya Farmer and Carleton influenced sclerotia size and honeydew production.

A gene for resistance to a necrosis-inducing isolate of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis located on 5BL of Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 598-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Stock ◽  
A. L. Brûlé-Babel ◽  
G. A. Penner
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Location ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Chromosome Arm

Several sources of high-level resistance to tan spot caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis have been identified in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This study was conducted to determine the number and chromosome location of a gene(s) in the cultivar Chinese Spring (CS) that confers resistance to a tan necrosis inducing isolate (nec+chl−) of P. tritici-repentis, 86-124, and insensitivity to Ptr necrosis toxin. Reciprocal crosses were made between CS (resistant–insensitive) and 'Kenya Farmer' (KF) (susceptible–sensitive). Analysis of the CS/KF F1and F2 populations and F2-derived F3 families identified a single nuclear recessive gene governing resistance to isolate 86-124 and Ptr necrosis toxin. Evaluation of the CS(KF) substitution series, F2 monosomic analysis, and screening of a series of 19 CS compensating nullitetrasomic and two ditelosomic lines (2AS and 5BL) indicated that the resistance gene was located on chromosome arm 5BL. No linkage exists between Lr18 and the tan necrosis resistance gene on chromosome arm 5BL. It is proposed that the gene for resistance to the tan necrosis inducing isolate 86-124 (nec+chl−) of P. tritici-repentis and Ptr necrosis toxin be named tsn1. Key words : wheat, Triticum aestivum L., tan spot resistance, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs., chromosome location, Ptr necrosis toxin.

DEVELOPMENT OF D-GENOME DISOMIC ADDITION LINES OF DURUM WHEAT

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Joppa ◽  
F. H. McNeal
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Disomic Addition Lines

Seven lines of 'Chinese Spring' (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), each tetrasomic for one of the D-genome chromosomes, were crossed to 'Wells' and to 'Lakota' durum (T. durum Desf.). Nearly all F1 plants had 15 pairs plus six univalents, as expected.The D-genome disomic addition lines 1D, 3D, 4D, 5D and 6D were obtained in the F3. The 1D, 3D and 6D disomic addition lines proved to be male-sterile. The 4D and 5D disomic addition lines had stable chromosome numbers, were partially male-fertile and could be maintained by selfing. The 2D and 7D disomic addition lines were not obtained.

Suppression of rust resistance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by D-genome chromosomes

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bai ◽  
D. R. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Or Genes

Several tests were done in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to demonstrate the occurrence of genes on D-genome chromosomes that suppress resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici Rob. ex Desm.) and stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. &Henn.). Ten rust-resistant wild tetraploid wheats (T. turgidum var. dicoccoides) were crossed with both durum (T. turgidum var. durum) and bread wheats. In all cases, resistance to leaf rust and stem rust was expressed in the hybrids with durum wheats but suppressed in the hybrids with bread wheats. Crosses were made between five diverse durum wheats and four diverse bread wheats. The pentaploid hybrid seedlings of 12 crosses were tested with leaf rust race 15 and in all cases the resistance of the durum parents was suppressed. Fourteen D-genome disomic chromosome substitution lines in the durum wheat 'Langdon' were tested with stem rust race 15B-1 and leaf rust race 15. Chromosomes 1B, 2B, and 7B were found to carry genes for resistance to stem rust but no suppressors were detected. Chromosomes 2B and 4B carried genes for resistance to leaf rust, and 1D and 3D carried suppressors. Crosses between seven D-genome monosomies of 'Chinese Spring' and three dicoccoides accessions showed that 'Chinese Spring' possesses genes on 1D, 2D, and 4D, which suppress the stem rust resistance of all three dicoccoides accessions. All three chromosomes must be present to suppress resistance, indicating that some form of complementary gene interaction is involved. In addition, 'Chinese Spring' carries a gene or genes on 3D that suppresses the leaf rust resistance of all three dicoccoides accessions, plus a gene or genes on 1D that suppresses the leaf rust resistance of only one of them. The data raise some interesting questions about the specificity of the suppressors. The high frequency of occurrence of suppressors in the bread wheat population suggests that they must have a selective advantage.Key words: Triticum aestivum, stem rust, leaf rust, rust resistance, suppressor.

Chilling injury and chlorotic reactions of euploids and aneuploids of the group 6 homoeologues of common wheat

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest D. P. Whelan ◽  
G. B. Schaalje
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Cytoplasmic Effects ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Aneuploid seedlings of the common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Chinese Spring (CS) that are nullisomic or telosomic for the long arm of chromosome 6D are susceptible to chilling injury under prolonged exposure to 6 °C; normal euploids or telosomics for the short arm are not. Studies of seedling grown for various durations at 20 °C prior to growth at 6 °C showed that chilling injury was a juvenile phenomenon and that the extent of injury was inversely proportional to the duration of growth at 20 °C to a maximum of about 14 days. When reciprocal crosses were made between susceptible 6D nullisomics or long-arm ditelocentrics of CS and resistant 6D nullisomics of three spring and one winter wheat cultivars, progenies from aneuploid F1 hybrids all segregated for susceptibility as a recessive trait and at a frequency approximating a dihybrid ratio; no cytoplasmic effects were detected. Aneuploids of the group 6 homoeologues of the spring wheat cvs. Cadet and Rescue were resistant, as were group 6 whole-chromosome substitutions of eight different donor wheats in the recipient parent CS and 56 other euploids tested. Genes for resistance to chilling injury appear to involve the group 6 chromosomes and the short arm of 6D in Chinese Spring. In contrast with chilling injury, all aneuploid lines with only four doses of the "corroded" loci on group 6 chromosomes exhibited chlorotic symptoms.Key words: Triticum aestivum, chilling injury.

scholarly journals Albumin content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) as affected by the environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Branković ◽  
Vesna Dragičević ◽  
Dejan Dodig ◽  
Desimir Knežević ◽  
Borislav Kobiljski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Albumin Content ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf

scholarly journals Extensive Pericentric Rearrangements in the Bread Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Genotype “Chinese Spring” Revealed from Chromosome Shotgun Sequence Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3039-3048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ma ◽  
Jiri Stiller ◽  
Yuming Wei ◽  
You-Liang Zheng ◽  
Katrien M. Devos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Shotgun Sequence

CHROMOSOME DIFFERENTIATION IN POLYPLOID SPECIES OF ELYTRIGIA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE EVOLUTION OF DIPLOID-LIKE CHROMOSOME PAIRING IN POLYPLOID SPECIES

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Polyploid Species ◽  
Chromosome Differentiation

Triticum aestivum L. em Thell ditelosomics 7AL and 7DS and T. aestivum-Elytrigia elongata (Host) Holub (2n = 2x = 14) ditelosomic additions were crossed with "E. elongata 4x" (2n = 4x = 28), E. caespitosa (C. Koch) Nevski (2n = 4x = 28), and E. intermedia (Host) Nevski (2n = 6x = 42). The effect of each Elytrigia genotype on homoeologous (heterogenetic) chromosome pairing was assessed by comparing the pairing frequencies of T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring telosomes 7AL and 7DS in the hybrids with the pairing frequency of telosome 7AL in haploid Chinese Spring. The genotype of "E. elongata 4x" had no effect on heterogenetic pairing in the hybrids. Although some genotypes of E. caespitosa and E. intermedia promoted heterogenetic pairing in the hybrids, others had no effect. Telosome VS of E. elongata interacted in a complementary fashion with the genotype of "E. elongata 4x," but not with the genotypes of Chinese Spring and E. caespitosa, and it promoted heterogenetic pairing. In hybrids in which the wheat diploidizing genes were active at the normal level, the E. elongata telosomes paired with chromosomes of "E. elongata 4x" in 5.8% to 24.6% of the cells, with chromosomes of E. caespitosa in 0.0% to 1.0% of the cells, and with chromosomes of E. intermedia in 0.0% to 2.8% of the cells. A model of chromosome differentiation is discussed and special attention is devoted to the origin of diploid-like pairing in polyploid species.

EFFECT OF RYE ON HOMOEOLOGOUS CHROMOSOME PAIRING IN WHEAT × RYE HYBRIDS

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosome ◽  
Wheat Genotype ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Polygenic System

The number of chiasmata per cell at metaphase I was scored in eight haploid plants of Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell. cv. 'Chinese Spring' and 100 hybrid plants of Chinese Spring × Secale cereale L. Mean chiasma frequency per cell ranged from 0.00 to 3.59 in the hybrids and from 0.17 to 0.35 in the haploids. Since the same wheat genotype was present in both the haploids and hybrids, it is concluded that some of the rye genotypes promoted homoeologous chromosome pairing. The absence of distinct segregation classes among the hybrids suggests that these genes constitute a polygenic system.

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