THE EFFECT OF ACCESSORY CHROMATIN ON CHIASMA DISTRIBUTION IN MAIZE

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
B Chromosome ◽  
Abnormal Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 10 ◽  
Chiasma Distribution ◽  
Metaphase I

From an analysis of metaphase I bivalent configurations in Zea mays L. it was possible to determine the effects of two supernumerary elements on chiasma formation. Both the B chromosome and abnormal chromosome 10 increased chiasma frequency. In addition to enhancing total exchanges, both elements caused a redistribution of chiasmata from distal to more proximal locations.

BANDING PATTERNS IN MAIZE MITOTIC CHROMOSOMES

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Abnormal Chromosome ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome 10 ◽  
Banding Patterns

A procedure for chromosome banding in triticale has been shown to be equally effective on maize, Zea mays L., root tip chromosomes. Stocks of known knob constitution were used to demonstrate that differentially stained regions of C-banded mitotic chromosomes corresponded with knobs. The large knob and prominent chromomeres of abnormal chromosome 10 were also differentiated, as was the centric heterochromatin of B chromosomes. However, the large distal heterochromatic portion of the B was not differentiated by the procedure.

scholarly journals Diversity and abundance of the abnormal chromosome 10 meiotic drive complex in Zea mays

Heredity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 570-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
L B Kanizay ◽  
T Pyhäjärvi ◽  
E G Lowry ◽  
M B Hufford ◽  
D G Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Meiotic Drive ◽  
Abnormal Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 10

Relationship between pachytene synapsis, metaphase I associations, and transmission of 2B and 4B chromosomes in rye

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Jiménez ◽  
Silvia Manzanero ◽  
María J Puertas
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Bivalent Formation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Variable Efficiency ◽  
Metaphase I

2B rye plants selected for high (H) or low (L) B transmission rate were studied at pachytene and metaphase I of meiosis to determine the relationship between synapsis, bivalents at metaphase I, and B transmission rate. The results show that the 2 B chromosomes (Bs) form bivalents at pachytene in both the H and L lines, whereas the frequency of bivalents at metaphase I is much higher in the H than in the L line. This demonstrates that B transmission is mainly related to the proper association of Bs at metaphase I, as well as that synapsis of the 2 Bs in the L line is normal, but the bivalent is not consolidated by a chiasma in most cases. Crosses were made between 2B plants of the H and L lines in all combinations (H × H, H × L, L × H, and L × L) to obtain 4B plants. Similarly, bivalent formation at pachytene and metaphase I was studied. The results show that 4B plants of the H × H and L × L classes differ significantly at pachytene and metaphase I since the former forms more bivalents. The heterozygous 4 Bs of the H × L and L × H classes show intermediate values. The relation H × H > H × L > L × H > L × L was consistently found for the variables transmission rate, bivalents at pachytene, bivalents at metaphase I, and B mean chiasma frequency. A maternal effect was also found. Our data suggest that there are two separate mechanisms acting upon synapsis and chiasma formation in H and L B chromosomes: (i) there is variable efficiency of the control of synapsis at early stages of meiosis; and (ii) there is variable efficiency of the control of the number of chiasmata. Key words: B chromosomes, synaptonemal complex, Secale cereale.

Factors affecting the meiotic pairing behaviour of B chromosomes in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 664-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Henriques-Gil ◽  
P. Arana ◽  
J. L. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
B Chromosome ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Eyprepocnemis Plorans ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chiasma Localization ◽  
A Site ◽  
Pairing Behaviour

A study of the meiotic behaviour of different B-chromosome variants in the acridid grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans demonstrates that pairing and chiasma formation in these supernumerary chromosomes depend both on genotypic factors and on the structure of the B chromosomes themselves. Genotypic effects are evidenced by the differences in chiasma frequency which the same B-chromosome combinations show in different individuals. Structural effects can be inferred from the fact that 9 of the 14 known known B variants carry a unique site to which interstitial chiasmata are confined, whereas such a site is lacking in the other five variants.Key words: B chromosomes, C-bands, chiasma frequency, chiasma localization.

Location of chromosomal regions controlling fatty acid composition of embryo oil in Zea mays L.

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Shadley ◽  
David Weber
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
B Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Chromosome 5

B–A translocations were utilized in Zea mays L. to assign regions affecting the fatty acid composition of embryo oil to chromosome arms. A region affecting all four measured fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids) was assigned to the long arm of chromosome 4 by results of tests with TB-4Lb, whereas another affecting palmitic and stearic acids was assigned to the long arm of chromosome 10 by tests with TB-10L19. These effects were in agreement with previous results from analysis of trisomy for chromosome 4 and monosomy for chromosome 10. The fatty acid composition of euploid embryos containing a B chromosome was not significantly different from that of embryos not containing a B chromosome. Thus, the B chromosome is not responsible for the differences observed using B–A translocations. TB-5La was backcrossed into two inbred lines having a relatively high percentage of linoleic acid. Hyperploidy for the long arm of chromosome 5 significantly increased the percentage of linoleic acid in both inbreds. Aneuploidy for the long arm of chromosome 5 also had a dosage effect on fatty acid composition of the endosperm.Key words: Zea, corn oil, fatty acids, B chromosome, translocation.

Influence de l'âge sur les caractéristiques photosynthétiques de la feuille de maïs, Zea mays L

Agronomie ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier BETHENOD ◽  
Christine JACOB ◽  
Jean-Claude RODE ◽  
Jean-François MOROT-GAUDRY
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L

PRODUKTIVITAS PUPUK ORGANIK TERHADAP HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L) DI TANAH MINERAL

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-326
Author(s):  
Yoyon Riono.
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L

Penelitian tentang pengaruh pemberian produktivitas pupuk organik terhadap hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L) di tanah mineral penelitian ini di laksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Mei, yang bertempat di Sungai Salak Kecsmstsn Tempuling Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor B adalah bokashi pupuk kandang yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu B0 (tanpa pemberianpupuk kandang), B1 (5 ton/ha) dan B2 (10 tom/ ha), serta B3 (15 ton/ha) Parameter yang di amati adalah tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat berangkasan kering, berat tongkol pertanaman sampel, diameter tongkol , produksi per plot, dan berat 100 biji. Selanjutnya data yang di peroleh di olah secara statistik, apabila F hitung lebih besar dari F tabel di lanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Tukey HSD pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa interaksi bokashi pupuk kandang dan varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat tongkol dan produksi dan produksi per plot, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat brangkasan kering , diameter tongkol dan berat 1000 biji. Untuk perlakuan bokashi pupuk kandang secara tunggal berpengaruh nyata terhadap terhadap diameter tongkol , akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat brangkasan kering, berat tongkol, produksi per plot, dan berat 1000 biji, perlakuan bokashi terbaik terdapat pada pemberian 15 ton/ha. Sedangkan perlakuan varietas secara tunggal berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat brangkasan basah, berat tongkol, dan produksi per plot seta berat 1000 biji, akan tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan kering, dan diameter tongkol. Varietass terbaik adalah NT 10

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