CYTOPLASMIC INCOMPATIBILITY AND BREEDING ISOLATION IN BARK BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald N. Lanier
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Reciprocal Mating

Unequal fertility of reciprocal crosses between certain bark beetles and increased fertility of the F1, with respect to the original cross, appear to result from nuclear-controlled cytoplasmic incompatibility. This mechanism, also implicated in instances of reciprocal mating sterility, may be an important factor in the reproductive isolation of closely related species.

Reproductive isolation between two closely related species of the Queensland fruit fly Dracus tryoni (Frogg) and D. neohumeralis Hardy (Diptera : Tephritidae) I. Variation in humeral callus pattern and the occurrence of intermediate colour forms in the wild

1967 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wolda
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Similar Variation ◽  
In The Wild

A number of samples from wild populations of the Queensland fruit fly, Dacus tryoni and D. neohumeralis, were studied. There is a considerable variation in the colour pattern on the humeral callus. This variation is continuous so that any criterion for distinguishing between "intermediates" and "good species" is purely arbitrary. It was found in areas where D. neohumeralis does not occur as well as in localities where it is very abundant. By whatever criterion one defines intermediates, there appears to be no relation between the frequency of such forms and the presence or absence of D. neohumeralis or with the relative proportions of the two species in the population. However, flies with only a very small yellow area on an otherwise brown humeral callus were found only in Cairns where D. neohumeralis is usually the most abundant species. A similar variation in humeral callus pattern was found in other related species, such as D. kraussi and D. halfordiae. It is concluded that the intermediate colour forms may not be hybrids between D. tryoni and D. neohumeralis but variants of D. tryoni and, possibly the darker forms from Cairns, of D. neohumeralis.

scholarly journals Contact-Chemosensory Evolution Underlying Reproductive Isolation in Drosophila Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosei Sato ◽  
Daisuke Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Premating Isolation ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Neural Activities

The main theme of the review is how changes in pheromone biochemistry and the sensory circuits underlying pheromone detection contribute to mate choice and reproductive isolation. The review focuses primarily on gustatory and non-volatile signals in Drosophila. Premating isolation is prevalent among closely related species. In Drosophila, preference for conspecifics against other species in mate choice underlies premating isolation, and such preference relies on contact chemosensory communications between a female and male along with other biological factors. For example, although D. simulans and D. melanogaster are sibling species that yield hybrids, their premating isolation is maintained primarily by the contrasting effects of 7,11-heptacosadiene (7,11-HD), a predominant female pheromone in D. melanogaster, on males of the two species: it attracts D. melanogaster males and repels D. simulans males. The contrasting preference for 7,11-HD in males of these two species is mainly ascribed to opposite effects of 7,11-HD on neural activities in the courtship decision-making neurons in the male brain: 7,11-HD provokes both excitatory and inhibitory inputs in these neurons and differences in the balance between the two counteracting inputs result in the contrasting preference for 7,11-HD, i.e., attraction in D. melanogaster and repulsion in D. simulans. Introduction of two double bonds is a key step in 7,11-HD biosynthesis and is mediated by the desaturase desatF, which is active in D. melanogaster females but transcriptionally inactivated in D. simulans females. Thus, 7,11-HD biosynthesis diversified in females and 7,11-HD perception diversified in males, yet it remains elusive how concordance of the changes in the two sexes was attained in evolution.

scholarly journals Chemical signals act as the main reproductive barrier between sister and mimeticHeliconiusbutterflies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. González-Rojas ◽  
K. Darragh ◽  
J Robles ◽  
M. Linares ◽  
S Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Mate Recognition ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Reproductive Barrier ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Wing Colour ◽  
Behavioural Experiments

ABSTRACTColour pattern has been long recognised as the trait that drives mate recognition betweenHeliconiusspecies that are phylogenetically close. However, when this cue is compromised such as in cases of mimetic, sympatric and closely related species, alternative mating signals must evolve to ensure reproductive isolation and species integrity. The closely related speciesHeliconius melpomene malletiandH. timareta florencia, occur in the same geographic region and despite being co-mimics they display strong reproductive isolation. In order to test which cues differ between species, and therefore potentially contribute to reproductive isolation, we quantified differences in wing phenotype and male chemical profile. As expected, wing colour pattern was indistinguishable between the two species while the chemical profile of their male sex pheromones showed marked differences. We then conducted behavioural experiments to study the importance of these signals in mate recognition by females. In agreement with our previous results, we found that pheromones and not wing colour pattern drive the preference of females by conspecific males. In addition, experiments with hybrid males and females suggested an important genetic component for both pheromone production and preference. Altogether, these results suggest that pheromones are the major reproductive barrier opposing gene flow between these two sister and co-mimic species.

scholarly journals Reproductive isolation between Anastrepha bistrigata and A. striata (Diptera, Tephritidae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Selivon ◽  
João S. Morgante
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Prezygotic Isolation ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Hourly Distribution ◽  
First Time

The reproductive isolation between two closely related species, Anastrepha bistrigata and A. striata, was studied in the laboratory. Interespecific copulation attempts were observed, but examination of the spermathecae showed that sperm transference did not occur, even after a prolonged period of contact between the mating pairs. These results indicate prezygotic isolation. The analysis of the hourly distribution of mating activities under laboratory conditions, here described for the first time for A. bistrigata, clearly showed differences for the two species, the activities being concentrated in the afternoon period for A. striata and in the morning for A. bistrigata

scholarly journals Asymmetric reproductive isolation during simultaneous reciprocal mating in pulmonates

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amporn Wiwegweaw ◽  
Keiichi Seki ◽  
Hiroshi Mori ◽  
Takahiro Asami
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Interspecific Mating ◽  
Premating Isolation ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Interspecific Copulation ◽  
Isolation Mechanisms ◽  
Reciprocal Mating

The generality of asymmetric reproductive isolation between reciprocal crosses suggests that the evolution of isolation mechanisms often proceeds in reciprocal asymmetry. In hermaphroditic snails that copulate simultaneously and reciprocally, asymmetry in premating isolation may not be readily detectable because the failure of the symmetric performance of courtship would prevent copulation from occurring. On the other hand, through their prolonged copulation, snails discriminate among mates when exchanging spermatophores for their benefit and thus may exhibit asymmetric reproductive isolation during interspecific mating. However, no clear case of reciprocal asymmetry has been found in reproductive isolation between snail species. Here we show a discrete difference in hybridization success between simultaneous reciprocal copulations between two species of pulmonate snails. Premating isolation of Bradybaena pellucida (BP) and Bradybaena similaris (BS) is incomplete in captivity. In interspecific copulation, BP removes its penis without transferring a spermatophore, while BS sires hybrids by inseminating BP. Thus, ‘male’ BP or ‘female’ BS rejects the other individual, while female BP and male BS accept each other, so that the two sexes of either BP or BS oppose each other in mate discrimination. Our results are a clear example of asymmetry in reproductive isolation during simultaneous reciprocal mating between hermaphroditic animals.

scholarly journals Chemical signals act as the main reproductive barrier between sister and mimetic Heliconius butterflies

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1926) ◽  
pp. 20200587 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. González-Rojas ◽  
K. Darragh ◽  
J. Robles ◽  
M. Linares ◽  
S. Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Mate Recognition ◽  
Reproductive Barrier ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Wing Colour ◽  
Behavioural Experiments

Colour pattern is the main trait that drives mate recognition between Heliconius species that are phylogenetically close. However, when this cue is compromised such as in cases of mimetic, sympatric and closely related species, alternative mating signals must evolve to ensure reproductive isolation and species integrity. The closely related species Heliconius melpomene malleti and H. timareta florencia occur in the same geographical region, and despite being co-mimics, they display strong reproductive isolation. In order to test which cues differ between species, and potentially contribute to reproductive isolation, we quantified differences in the wing phenotype and the male chemical profile. As expected, the wing colour pattern was indistinguishable between the two species, while the chemical profile of the androconial and genital males' extracts showed marked differences. We then conducted behavioural experiments to study the importance of these signals in mate recognition by females. In agreement with our previous results, we found that chemical blends and not wing colour pattern drive the preference of females for conspecific males . Also, experiments with hybrid males and females suggested an important genetic component for both chemical production and preference. Altogether, these results suggest that chemicals are the major reproductive barrier opposing gene flow between these two sister and co-mimic species.

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