Chromosomal localization of two novel repetitive sequences isolated from the Chenopodium quinoa Willd. genome

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 710-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kolano ◽  
B.W. Gardunia ◽  
M. Michalska ◽  
A. Bonifacio ◽  
D. Fairbanks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Rdna Loci

The chromosomal organization of two novel repetitive DNA sequences isolated from the Chenopodium quinoa Willd. genome was analyzed across the genomes of selected Chenopodium species. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with the repetitive DNA clone 18–24J in the closely related allotetraploids C. quinoa and Chenopodium berlandieri Moq. (2n = 4x = 36) evidenced hybridization signals that were mainly present on 18 chromosomes; however, in the allohexaploid Chenopodium album L. (2n = 6x = 54), cross-hybridization was observed on all of the chromosomes. In situ hybridization with rRNA gene probes indicated that during the evolution of polyploidy, the chenopods lost some of their rDNA loci. Reprobing with rDNA indicated that in the subgenome labeled with 18–24J, one 35S rRNA locus and at least half of the 5S rDNA loci were present. A second analyzed sequence, 12–13P, localized exclusively in pericentromeric regions of each chromosome of C. quinoa and related species. The intensity of the FISH signals differed considerably among chromosomes. The pattern observed on C. quinoa chromosomes after FISH with 12–13P was very similar to GISH results, suggesting that the 12–13P sequence constitutes a major part of the repetitive DNA of C. quinoa.

Variation in highly repetitive DNA composition of heterochromatin in rye studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cuadrado ◽  
N. Jouve ◽  
C. Ceoloni
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Highly Repetitive Dna ◽  
The Individual

The molecular characterization of heterochromatin in six lines of rye has been performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The highly repetitive rye DNA sequences pSc 119.2, pSc74, and pSc34, and the probes pTa71 and pSc794 containing the 25S–5.8S–18S rDNA (NOR) and the 5S rDNA multigene families, respectively, were used. This allowed the individual identification of all seven rye chromosomes and most chromosome arms in all lines. All varieties showed similar but not identical patterns. A standard in situ hybridization map was constructed following the nomenclature system recommended for C-bands. All FISH sites observed appeared to correspond well with C-band locations, but not all C-banding sites coincided with hybridization sites of the repetitive DNA probes used. Quantitative and qualitative differences between different varieties were found for in situ hybridization response at corresponding sites. Variation between plants and even between homologous chromosomes of the same plant was found in open-pollinated lines. In inbred lines, the in situ pattern of the homologues was practically identical and no variation between plants was detected. The observed quantitative and qualitative differences are consistent with a corresponding variation for C-bands detected both within and between cultivars.Key words: fluorescence in situ hybridization, repetitive DNA, rye, Secale cereale, polymorphism.

Distribution of highly repeated DNA sequences in species of the genus Secale

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeles Cuadrado ◽  
Nicolás Jouve
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Repeated Dna ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Highly Repetitive Dna

The presence and distribution of the most important highly repetitive DNA sequences of rye in cultivated and wild species of the genus Secale were investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Accurate identification of individual chromosomes in the most commonly recognized species or subspecies of the genus Secale (S. cereale, S. ancestrale, S. segetale, S. afghanicum, S. dighoricum, S. montanum, S. montanum ssp. kuprijanovii, S. africanum, S. anatolicum, S. vavilovii, and S. silvestre) was achieved using three highly repetitive rye DNA sequences (probes pSc119.2, pSc74, and pSc34) and the 5S ribosomal DNA sequence pTa794. It is difficult to superimpose trends in the complexity of repetitive DNA during the evolution of the genus on conclusions from other cytogenetic and morphological assays. However, there are two clear groups. The first comprises the self-pollinated annuals S. silvestre and S. vavilovii that have few repeated nucleotide sequences of the main families of 120 and 480 bp. The second group presents amplification and interstitialization of the repeated nucleotide sequences and includes the perennials S. montanum, S. anatolicum, S. africanum, and S. kuprijanovii, as well as the annual and open-pollinated species S. cereale and its related weedy forms. The appearance of a new locus for 5S rRNA in S. cereale and S. ancestrale suggests that cultivated ryes evolved from this wild weedy species.Key words: rye, repeated nucleotide sequence, 5S rDNA, fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH.

Isolation of A/D and C genome specific dispersed and clustered repetitive DNA sequences from Avena sativa

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgueni V Ananiev ◽  
M Isabel Vales ◽  
Ronald L Phillips ◽  
Howard W Rines
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Repeated Sequences ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Copy Dna

DNA gel-blot and in situ hybridization with genome-specific repeated sequences have proven to be valuable tools in analyzing genome structure and relationships in species with complex allopolyploid genomes such as hexaploid oat (Avena sativa L., 2n = 6x = 42; AACCDD genome). In this report, we describe a systematic approach for isolating genome-, chromosome-, and region-specific repeated and low-copy DNA sequences from oat that can presumably be applied to any complex genome species. Genome-specific DNA sequences were first identified in a random set of A. sativa genomic DNA cosmid clones by gel-blot hybridization using labeled genomic DNA from different Avena species. Because no repetitive sequences were identified that could distinguish between the A and D gneomes, sequences specific to these two genomes are refereed to as A/D genome specific. A/D or C genome specific DNA subfragments were used as screening probes to identify additional genome-specific cosmid clones in the A. sativa genomic library. We identified clustered and dispersed repetitive DNA elements for the A/D and C genomes that could be used as cytogenetic markers for discrimination of the various oat chromosomes. Some analyzed cosmids appeared to be composed entirely of genome-specific elements, whereas others represented regions with genome- and non-specific repeated sequences with interspersed low-copy DNA sequences. Thus, genome-specific hybridization analysis of restriction digests of random and selected A. sativa cosmids also provides insight into the sequence organization of the oat genome.Key words: oat, cosmid library, in situ hybridization.

Fluorescent in situ hybridization and C-banding analyses of highly repetitive DNA sequences in the heterochromatin of rye (Secale montanum Guss.) and wheat incorporating S. montanum chromosome segments

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeles Cuadrado ◽  
Nicolás Jouve
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Translocation Breakpoints ◽  
Secale Montanum

The molecular characterization of C-banded regions of Secale montanum Guss. by means of in situ hybridization was performed in order to provide new information about their chromosome structure relative to cultivated rye, Secale cereale L. Accurate identification of individual chromosomes was achieved using simultaneous and (or) successive fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and C-banding. FISH identification was performed using total rye DNA, three highly repetitive rye DNA sequences (pSc119.2, pSc74, and pSc34), and the ribosomal RNA probes pTa71 (18S, 5.8S, and 26S rDNA) and pTa794 (5S rDNA). FISH was also used to identify the chromosome segment involved in two spontaneous translocation lines recovered from a 'Chinese Spring' – S. montanum wheat–rye addition line. FISH analysis revealed the exact translocation breakpoints and allowed the identification of the transferred rye segments. The value of this type of analysis is discussed.Key words: Secale cereale, Secale montanum, rye, repetitive DNA, fluorescence in situ hybridization.

FISH analysis of Zanthoxylum armatum based on oligonucleotides for 5S rDNA and (GAA)6

Genome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 699-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Luo ◽  
Juncheng Liu ◽  
Jingyan Wang ◽  
Wei Gong ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Mitotic Metaphase ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Rdna Loci ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using oligonucleotide probes for (GAA)6 (18 bp) and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (5S rDNA, 41 bp) was applied to analyse Zanthoxylum armatum. (GAA)6 loci were detected on the pericentromeric regions of five chromosome pairs, and 5S rDNA loci were also detected on the pericentromeric regions of another two chromosome pairs. The densities and locations of (GAA)6 and 5S rDNA signals varied between individual chromosomes. High-intensity (GAA)6 signals were detected at the centromeres of two large and two smaller metacentric chromosomes. Relatively strong (GAA)6 signals were detected at the centromeres of two relatively small metacentric chromosomes, although strong 5S rDNA signals were detected at the centromeres of two additional smaller metacentric chromosomes. Weak (GAA)6 signals were detected at the centromeres of four large metacentric chromosomes, whereas weak 5S rDNA signals were detected at the centromeres of two smaller metacentric chromosomes. The remaining chromosomes exhibited no signals. Zanthoxylum armatum had 2n = ∼128. The lengths of the mitotic metaphase chromosomes ranged from 1.22 to 2.34 μm. Our results provide information that may be beneficial for future cytogenetic studies and could contribute to the physical assembly of the Zanthoxylum genome.

Molecular cytogenetic analysis ofAegilops cylindrica Host

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Linc ◽  
Bernd R Friebe ◽  
Ralf G Kynast ◽  
Marta Molnar-Lang ◽  
Bela Köszegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Rdna Locus ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Aegilops Cylindrica ◽  
Fish Genome ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Rdna Loci ◽  
25S Rdna

The genomic constitution of Aegilops cylindrica Host (2n = 4x = 28, DcDcCcCc) was analyzed by C-banding, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using the DNA clones pSc119, pAs1, pTa71, and pTA794. The C-banding patterns of the Dc- and Cc-genome chromosomes of Ae. cylindrica are similar to those of D-and C-genome chromosomes of the diploid progenitor species Ae. tauschii Coss. and Ae. caudata L., respectively. These similarities permitted the genome allocation and identification of the homoeologous relationships of the Ae. cylindrica chromosomes. FISH analysis detected one major 18S-5.8S-25S rDNA locus in the short arm of chromosome 1Cc. Minor 18S-5.8S-25S rDNA loci were mapped in the short arms of 5Dc and 5Cc. 5S rDNA loci were identified in the short arm of chromosomes 1Cc, 5Dc, 5Cc, and 1Dc. GISH analysis detected intergenomic translocation in three of the five Ae. cylindrica accessions. The breakpoints in all translocations were non-centromeric with similar-sized segment exchanges.Key words: Aegilops cylindrica, C-banding, GISH, FISH, genome evolution.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization on plant extended chromatin DNA fibers for single-copy and repetitive DNA sequences

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1779-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Yang ◽  
Hecui Zhang ◽  
Richard Converse ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Rong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences

The use of double fluorescence in situ hybridization to physically map the positions of 5S rDNA genes in relation to the chromosomal location of 18S–5.8S–26S rDNA and a C genome specific DNA sequence in the genus Avena

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concha Linares ◽  
Juan González ◽  
Esther Ferrer ◽  
Araceli Fominaya
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Rdna Genes ◽  
26S Rdna ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Rdna Loci ◽  
C Genome

A physical map of the locations of the 5S rDNA genes and their relative positions with respect to 18S–5.8S–26S rDNA genes and a C genome specific repetitive DNA sequence was produced for the chromosomes of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid oat species using in situ hybridization. The A genome diploid species showed two pairs of rDNA loci and two pairs of 5S loci located on both arms of one pair of satellited chromosomes. The C genome diploid species showed two major pairs and one minor pair of rDNA loci. One pair of subtelocentric chromosomes carried rDNA and 5S loci physically separated on the long arm. The tetraploid species (AACC genomes) arising from these diploid ancestors showed two pairs of rDNA loci and three pairs of 5S loci. Two pairs of rDNA loci and 2 pairs of 5S loci were arranged as in the A genome diploid species. The third pair of 5S loci was located on one pair of A–C translocated chromosomes using simultaneous in situ hybridization with 5S rDNA genes and a C genome specific repetitive DNA sequence. The hexaploid species (AACCDD genomes) showed three pairs of rDNA loci and six pairs of 5S loci. One pair of 5S loci was located on each of two pairs of C–A/D translocated chromosomes. Comparative studies of the physical arrangement of rDNA and 5S loci in polyploid oats and the putative A and C genome progenitor species suggests that A genome diploid species could be the donor of both A and D genomes of polyploid oats. Key words : oats, 5S rDNA genes, 18S–5.8S–26S rDNA genes, C genome specific repetitive DNA sequence, in situ hybridization, genome evolution.

scholarly journals Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) Analysis of the Locations of the Oligonucleotides 5S rDNA, (AGGGTTT)3, and (TTG)6 in Three Genera of Oleaceae and Their Phylogenetic Framework

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Luo ◽  
Juncheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Cytogenetic Map ◽  
Ligustrum Lucidum ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Almost All

We report the cytogenetic map for a collection of species in the Oleaceae, and test similarities among the karyotypes relative to their known species phylogeny. The oligonucleotides 5S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), (AGGGTTT)3, and (TTG)6 were used as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes to locate the corresponding chromosomes in three Oleaceae genera: Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Syringa oblata, Ligustrum lucidum, and Ligustrum × vicaryi. Forty-six small chromosomes were identified in four species. (AGGGTTT)3 signals were observed on almost all chromosome ends of four species, but (AGGGTTT)3 played no role in distinguishing the chromosomes but displayed intact chromosomes and could thus be used as a guide for finding chromosome counts. (TTG)6 and 5S rDNA signals discerned several chromosomes located at subterminal or central regions. Based on the similarity of the signal pattern (mainly in number and location and less in intensity) of the four species, the variations in the 5S rDNA and (TTG)6 distribution can be ordered as L. lucidum < L. × vicaryi < F. pennsylvanica < S. oblata. Variations have observed in the three genera. The molecular cytogenetic data presented here might serve as a starting point for further larger-scale elucidation of the structure of the Oleaceae genome, and comparison with the known phylogeny of Oleaceae family.

Conserved repetitive DNA sequences (Bkm) in normal equine males and sex-reversed females detected by in situ hybridization

1988 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Kent ◽  
K.O. Elliston ◽  
W. Shroeder ◽  
K.S. Guise ◽  
S.S. Wachtel
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences
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