Early-generation germplasm introgression from Sorghum macrospermum into sorghum (S. bicolor)

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les C. Kuhlman ◽  
Byron L. Burson ◽  
David M. Stelly ◽  
Patricia E. Klein ◽  
Robert R. Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Genomic Introgression

Sorghum has been improved by public and private breeding programs utilizing germplasm mostly from within the species Sorghum bicolor . Recently, hybridization with an Australian species, S. macrospermum (AAB1B1YYZZ), has been demonstrated and the genomic relationship to S. bicolor (AAB1B1) shown to be partially compatible. For this species to be potentially useful to sorghum improvement programs, there must be documented introgression into an S. bicolor background. Fifteen BC1F1 progeny were recovered using the interspecific hybrid as a female and embryo rescue. In these progeny, chromosome numbers ranged from 35 to 70 and all were essentially male-sterile. Repeated backcrossing with S. bicolor pollen produced BC2F1 seed on 3 of the 15 BC1F1 plants. BC2F1 progeny had varying levels of male fertility; selfed seed set ranged from 0% to 95%, with only 2 individuals being completely male-sterile. Using AFLP and SSR markers, genomic introgression of S. macrospermum ranged from 0% to 18.6%. Cytogenetic analysis of 19 individuals revealed that chromosome numbers were 20, except for a single backcross that had 21 chromosomes. Molecular cytogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of recombinant introgression chromosomes as well as alien addition and alien substitution chromosomes within the BC2F1s.

A Sorghum bicolor × S. macrospermum hybrid recovered by embryo rescue and culture

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. James Price ◽  
George L. Hodnett ◽  
Byron L. Burson ◽  
Sally L. Dillon ◽  
William L. Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Leaf Pubescence ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Close Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Improvement Programs

Although exotic germplasm is extensively used in sorghum improvement programs, Sorghum species classified in sections other than Eu-sorghum have not been utilised as germplasm because of strong reproductive barriers involving pollen–pistil incompatibilities. S. macrospermum is of particular interest to sorghum breeders because of its close phylogenetic relationship and cytogenetic similarities to S. bicolor and its resistance to important sorghum pests and pathogens, such as sorghum midge and sorghum downy mildew. A vegetatively vigorous interspecific hybrid was obtained from a cross between a cytoplasmic male-sterile S. bicolor plant and S. macrospermum by using embryo rescue and in vitro culture techniques. The hybrid was morphologically intermediate to S. bicolor and S. macrospermum in leaf width, leaf pubescence, plant height, inflorescence morphology, chromosome number and nuclear DNA content. It was male-sterile like its ATx623 parent. The hybrid produced no offspring when used as the female parent in a backcross with S. bicolor. This is the first confirmed hybrid between S. bicolor and S. macrospermum, and to our knowledge, it is the first reported hybrid between S. bicolor and any Sorghum species outside the Eu-sorghum section.

scholarly journals GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMBINING ABILITY IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) / APTITUD COMBINATORIA GENERAL Y ESPECÍFICA EN EL GIRASOL (Helianthus annuus L.) / APTITUDE À LA COMBINATION GENERAL ET SPECIFIQUE CHEZ LE TOURNESOL (Helianthus annuus L.)

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (34) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Laureti ◽  
Andrea Del Gatto
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
First Year ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
East Central ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Selection For

SUMMARYA total of 245 test cross progenies obtained by crossing cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and restorer (RHA) lines were evaluated in replicated trials in 1995 and 1997. Experiments were carried out in two locations (Osimo, East Central Italy and Budrio, Northern Italy) in 1995, whereas in 1997 trials were conducted only in Osimo. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of the parents was evaluated to identify genotypes suitable to be used as testers for breeding programs and to verify the performance of hybrids. The results obtained in 1995 were used to make test crosses in 1996 to be evaluated in 1997. The GCA and SCA of RHA and CMS lines were nearly always significant for all the studied traits when lines were randomly taken in 1995. When selected testers were used on the basis of the results of the first year, the SCA of new RHA lines and GCA of new CMS lines were not significant for achene yield, but they were for the other traits.The best GCA estimates for RHA were often higher than those of CMS, indicating that selection for RHA could be more useful than for CMS. As expected, GCA was always lower than SCA. CMS and RHA, with high variance among their test crosses for yield and many other traits, could be used as testers. The lack of a tester with high variance in all traits requires more than one tester in evaluating lines. The GCA of a line can change in function of the germplasm with which it is combined.

Molecular cytogenetic analysis of feline leukemia virus insertions in cat lymphoid tumor cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhito Fujino ◽  
Hitoshi Satoh ◽  
Koichi Ohno ◽  
Hajime Tsujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Feline Leukemia Virus ◽  
Lymphoid Tumor ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic

Perinatal findings and molecular cytogenetic analysis ofde novo partial trisomy 16q (16q22.1?qter) and partial monosomy 20q (20q13.3?qter)

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Ping Chen ◽  
Shuan-Pei Lin ◽  
Chyi-Chyang Lin ◽  
Yueh-Chun Li ◽  
Schu-Rern Chern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Partial Trisomy ◽  
Partial Monosomy ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic

A comprehensive molecular cytogenetic analysis of the genome architecture in modern sugarcane cultivars

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Hon Cheng ◽  
Jinlei Han ◽  
Ayman Esh ◽  
Jiayong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genome Architecture ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic

Clinicopathologic and Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis of 8 Cases With Uterine Cervical Ewing Sarcoma

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufan Cheng ◽  
Qianming Bai ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Bin Chang ◽  
Rui Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ewing Sarcoma ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic

Molecular cytogenetic analysis of a Xp21.3-pter deletion in a family with normal and short stature

2002 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Tachdjian ◽  
F Perreaux ◽  
A Aboura ◽  
P Chevalier ◽  
M-F Portnoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic

scholarly journals Comprehensive molecular cytogenetic analysis of the human blastocyst stage

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2596-2608 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fragouli ◽  
M. Lenzi ◽  
R. Ross ◽  
M. Katz-Jaffe ◽  
W.B. Schoolcraft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Human Blastocyst
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