Intra- and intergenomic chromosome pairings revealed by dual-color GISH in trigenomic hybrids of Brassica juncea and B. carinata with B. maurorum

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. C. Yao ◽  
X. Z. Du ◽  
X. H. Ge ◽  
J. P. Chen ◽  
Z. Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Dual Color ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Relationship Of

From dual-color genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis of three trigenomic hybrids, Brassica maurorum (MM, 2n = 16) × B. juncea (AABB, 2n = 36) (M.AB), B. maurorum × B. carinata (BBCC, 2n = 34) (M.BC), and B. carinata × B. maurorum (BC.M), the three genomes of each hybrid were distinguished and autosyndesis and allosyndesis were evaluated. In M.AB, up to two autosyndetic bivalents occurred among the chromosomes of each genome; a maximum of three allosyndetic bivalents appeared between A-B, A-M, and B-M genomes. The similar pairings in M.BC and BC.M suggested that the cytoplasm of B. maurorum or B. carinata had no obvious effect on chromosome pairing. In M.BC and BC.M, a maximum of one autosyndetic bivalent was found for B and M genomes, but two were found for the C genome; from 0 to 2 allosyndetic bivalents were observed between B-C, B-M, and C-M genomes. The B-M allosyndesis frequency was higher than the A-M or C-M allosyndesis frequency in these hybrids, revealing the closer relationship of B and M genomes. The allosyndesis frequency was higher than the autosyndesis frequency among A, B, and C genomes in these combinations, suggesting that intergenomic homoeology was higher than intragenomic homoeology. The implications for genome evolution and crop breeding are discussed.

Synthesis and cytological characterization of trigeneric hybrids of durum wheat with and without Ph1

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem P Jauhar ◽  
M Doğramaci ◽  
T S Peterson
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Alien Gene Transfer ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Alien Gene ◽  
Trigeneric Hybrids

Wild grasses in the tribe Triticeae, some in the primary or secondary gene pool of wheat, are excellent reservoirs of genes for superior agronomic traits, including resistance to various diseases. Thus, the diploid wheatgrasses Thinopyrum bessarabicum (Savul. and Rayss) Á. Löve (2n = 2x = 14; JJ genome) and Lophopyrum elongatum (Host) Á. Löve (2n = 2x = 14; EE genome) are important sources of genes for disease resistance, e.g., Fusarium head blight resistance that may be transferred to wheat. By crossing fertile amphidiploids (2n = 4x = 28; JJEE) developed from F1 hybrids of the 2 diploid species with appropriate genetic stocks of durum wheat, we synthesized trigeneric hybrids (2n = 4x = 28; ABJE) incorporating both the J and E genomes of the grass species with the durum genomes A and B. Trigeneric hybrids with and without the homoeologous-pairing suppressor gene, Ph1, were produced. In the absence of Ph1, the chances of genetic recombination between chromosomes of the 2 useful grass genomes (JE) and those of the durum genomes (AB) would be enhanced. Meiotic chromosome pairing was studied using both conventional staining and fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization (fl-GISH). As expected, the Ph1-intergeneric hybrids showed low chromosome pairing (23.86% of the complement), whereas the trigenerics with ph1b (49.49%) and those with their chromosome 5B replaced by 5D (49.09%) showed much higher pairing. The absence of Ph1 allowed pairing and, hence, genetic recombination between homoeologous chromosomes. Fl-GISH analysis afforded an excellent tool for studying the specificity of chromosome pairing: wheat with grass, wheat with wheat, or grass with grass. In the trigeneric hybrids that lacked chromosome 5B, and hence lacked the Ph1 gene, the wheat–grass pairing was elevated, i.e., 2.6 chiasmata per cell, a welcome feature from the breeding standpoint. Using Langdon 5D(5B) disomic substitution for making trigeneric hybrids should promote homoeologous pairing between durum and grass chromosomes and hence accelerate alien gene transfer into the durum genomes.Key words: alien gene transfer, chiasma (xma) frequency, chromosome pairing, fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization (fl-GISH), homoeologous-pairing regulator, specificity of chromosome pairing, wheatgrass.

The genomic identification of some monosomics of Avena sativa L. cv. Sun II using genomic in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Leggett ◽  
G. S. Markhand
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Translocations ◽  
C Genome

Genomic in situ hybridization using total genomic DNA extracted from the C genome diploid species Avena eriantha (2n = 2x = 14, genome CpCp) was used to identify monosomics (2n = 6x − 1 = 41) of the constituent genomes of the hexaploid cultivated oat A. sativa L. cv. Sun II (2n = 6x = 42, genomes AACCDD). The results demonstrate 3 AD/C and 6 C/AD chromosome translocations, indicate that five of the missing monosomics are derived from the C genome, and show that there are duplicates within the partial monosomic series. Chromosome polymorphisms between some monosomic lines are also demonstrated.Key words: Avena, monosomics, genomic in situ hybridization, genomic identification.

Meiotic chromosome pairing in intergeneric hybrids of colchicaceous ornamentals revealed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH)

Euphytica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonari Kishimoto ◽  
Miki Yamakawa ◽  
Daisuke Nakazawa ◽  
Junji Amano ◽  
Sachiko Kuwayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome Pairing

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) reveals high chromosome pairing affinity between Lolium perenne and Festuca mairei

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingshu Cao ◽  
David A Sleper ◽  
Fenggao Dong ◽  
Jiming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic Constitution ◽  
Conventional Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Festuca Mairei

Intergeneric hybridizations have been made between species of Lolium and Festuca. It has been demonstrated, largely through conventional cytogenetic analysis, that the genomes of the two genera are related, however, much information is lacking on exactly how closely related the genomes are between the two species. We applied genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) techniques to the F1 hybrids of tetraploid Festuca mairei with a genomic constitution of M1M1M2M2 and diploid Lolium perenne with a genomic constitution of LL. It was shown in the triploid hybrids (LM1M2) that the chromosomes of M1 and M2 from F. mairei could pair with each other, and it was further discovered that L chromosomes of L. perenne paired with M1 and M2 chromosomes. Our results showed that meiocytes of Lolium-Festuca are amenable to GISH analysis, and provided direct evidence for the hypothesis that the chromosomes of Lolium and Festuca may be genetically equivalent and that reciprocal mixing of the genomes may be possible. Key words: Lolium, Festuca, in situ hybridization, meiosis.

Comparison of homoeologous chromosome pairing between hybrids of wheat genotypes Chinese Spring ph1b and Kaixian-luohanmai with rye

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 959-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hao ◽  
Jiangtao Luo ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Lianquan Zhang ◽  
Zehong Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosome ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosome Pairing

The ph-like genes in the Chinese common wheat landrace Kaixian-luohanmai (KL) induce homoeologous pairing in hybrids with alien species. In the present study, meiotic phenotypic differences on homoeologous chromosome pairing at metaphase I between hybrids of wheat genotypes Chinese Spring ph1b (CSph1b) and KL with rye were studied by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). The frequency of wheat–wheat associations was higher in CSph1b × rye than in KL × rye. However, frequencies of wheat–rye and rye–rye associations were higher in KL × rye than in CSph1b × rye. These differences may be the result of different mechanisms of control between the ph-like gene(s) controlling homoeologous chromosome pairing in KL and CSph1b. Wheat–wheat associations were much more frequent than wheat–rye pairing in both hybriods. This may be caused by lower overall affinity, or homoeology, between wheat and rye chromosomes than between wheat chromosomes.

scholarly journals Homoeologous chromosome pairing between the A and B genomes of Musa spp. revealed by genomic in situ hybridization

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 975-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouna Jeridi ◽  
Frédéric Bakry ◽  
Jacques Escoute ◽  
Emmanuel Fondi ◽  
Françoise Carreel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosome ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosome Pairing

Genomic in situ hybridization differentiates between A/D- and C-genome chromatin and detects intergenomic translocations in polyploid oat species (genus Avena)

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Jellen ◽  
B. S. Gill ◽  
T. S. Cox
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Hybridization Pattern ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Intergenomic Translocations ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Total Dna

The genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) technique was used to discriminate between chromosomes of the C genome and those of the A and A/D genomes in allopolyploid oat species (genus Avena). Total biotinylated DNA from A. strigosa (2n = 2x = 14, AsAs genome) was mixed with sheared, unlabelled total DNA from A. eriantha (2n = 2x = 14, CpCp) at a ratio of 1:200 (labelled to unlabelled). The resulting hybridization pattern consisted of 28 mostly labelled and 14 mostly unlabelled chromosomes in the hexaploids. Attempts to discriminate between chromosomes of the A and D genomes in A. sativa (2n = 6x = 42, AACCDD) were unsuccessful using GISH. At least eight intergenomic translocation segments were detected in A. sativa 'Ogle', several of which were not observed in A. byzantina 'Kanota' (2n = 6x = 42, AACCDD) or in A. sterilis CW 439-2 (2n = 6x = 42, AACCDD). At least five intergenomic translocation segments were observed in A. maroccana CI 8330 'Magna' (2n = 4x = 28, AACC). In both 'Ogle' and 'Magna', positions of most of these translocations matched with C-banding patterns.Key words: Avena sativa, oat, in situ hybridization, C-banding, Avena macrostachya.

scholarly journals Mysterious meiotic behavior of autopolyploid and allopolyploid maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Cheng MingJun ◽  
Yanli Zhao ◽  
Xiaodong Wen ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Stability ◽  
Meiotic Behavior ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Dual Color ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

This study was aimed to investigate the stability of chromosomes during meiosis in autopolyploid and allopolyploid maize, as well as to determine an association of chromosomes between maize (Zeamaysssp.mays Linnaeus, 1753) and Z.perennis (Hitchcock, 1922) Reeves & Mangelsdor, 1942, by producing a series of autopolyploid and allopolyploid maize hybrids. The intra-genomic and inter-genomic meiotic pairings in these polyploids were quantified and compared using dual-color genomic in-situ hybridization. The results demonstrated higher level of chromosome stability in allopolyploid maize during meiosis as compared to autopolyploid maize. In addition, the meiotic behavior of Z.perennis was relatively more stable as compared to the allopolyploid maize. Moreover, ten chromosomes of "A” subgenome in maize were homologous to twenty chromosomes of Z.perennis genome with a higher pairing frequency and little evolutionary differentiation. At the same time, little evolutionary differentiation has been shown by chromosomes of "A” subgenome in maize, while chromosomes of "B” subgenome, had a lower pairing frequency and higher evolutionary differentiation. Furthermore, 5IM + 5IIPP + 5IIIMPP and 5IIMM + 5IIPP + 5IVMMPP were observed in allotriploids and allotetraploids respectively, whereas homoeologous chromosomes were found between the "A” and "B” genome of maize and Z.perennis.

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