Y-specific sequences and polymorphisms in rainbow trout and Chinook salmon

Genome ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 739-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Brunelli ◽  
Kelsey J. Wertzler ◽  
Kyle Sundin ◽  
Gary H. Thorgaard
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Specific Sequence ◽  
Chromosome Marker ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Improved Methods

Improved methods for genetically sexing salmonids and for characterization of Y-chromosome homologies between species can contribute to understanding the evolution of sex chromosomes and sex-determining mechanisms. In this study we have explored 12.5 kb of Y-chromosome-specific sequence flanking the previously described OtY2 locus in Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) and 21 kb of homologous rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) Y-chromosome-specific sequence. This is the first confirmed Y-specific sequence for rainbow trout. New Y-specific markers are described for Chinook salmon (OtY3) and rainbow trout (OmyY1), which are readily detected by PCR assays and are advantageous because they also produce autosomal control amplification products. Additionally, AFLP analysis of Chinook salmon yielded another potential Y-chromosome marker. These descriptions will facilitate genotypic sexing and should be useful for population studies of Y-chromosome polymorphisms and for future studies to characterize what appears to be a common sex-determining mechanism between these species.

The effects of domestication on the relative vulnerability of hatchery and wild origin spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to predation

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony L Fritts ◽  
Jennifer L Scott ◽  
Todd N Pearsons
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Salmon Fry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relative Vulnerability

We tested whether one generation of state-of-the-art hatchery culture influenced the vulnerability of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) fry to predators. Size-matched hatchery and wild origin spring Chinook salmon fry were exposed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and torrent sculpin (Cottus rhotheus) predators in 10.8 m3 net pens. The hatchery origin fry were the offspring of first generation hatchery-reared broodstock, and the wild origin fry had no history of hatchery culture; both originated from the same stock. Wild origin fry were found to have a 2.2% (p = 0.016) survival advantage over hatchery origin fry during 2 years of predation challenges. The most important findings of this study are (i) domestication can affect the susceptibility to predators after only one generation of state-of-the-art hatchery culture practices, and (ii) the domestication effect was very small.

Thermal heterogeneity, stream channel morphology, and salmonid abundance in northeastern Oregon streams

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1266-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L Ebersole ◽  
William J Liss ◽  
Christopher A Frissell
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Thermal Heterogeneity

Heterogeneity in stream water temperatures created by local influx of cooler subsurface waters into geomorphically complex stream channels was associated with increased abundance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in northeastern Oregon. The addition of cold water patch frequency and area as explanatory variables in salmonid habitat models indicated that doubling of cold water patch frequency was associated with increases in rainbow trout and chinook salmon abundances of 31% and 59%, respectively. Doubling of cold water patch area was associated with changes of 10% in rainbow trout abundance but was not associated with chinook abundance after accounting for other habitat factors. The physiognomy, distribution, and connectivity of cold water patches, important attributes determining the effectiveness of these habitats as thermal refuges for stream fishes, were associated with channel bedform and riparian features. Monitoring of thermal heterogeneity and salmonid populations in response to ongoing habitat restoration efforts will provide additional insights into causal relationships among these factors.

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