Molecular and cytological characterization of genomic variability in hexaploid wheat 'Lindström'

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-904
Author(s):  
Pedro Costa-Nunes ◽  
Teresa Ribeiro ◽  
Margarida Delgado ◽  
Leonor Morais-Cecílio ◽  
Neil Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Rdna Locus ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Rdna Loci

'Lindström' wheat (AABBDD + rye B chromosomes) was used to study the effects of alien chromatin introgressed into a wheat genetic background, subjecting the wheat genome to a new and transient allopolyploidisation episode. Using this experimental material, we have previously demonstrated that no large-scale chromosomal translocations occurred as a result of the genomic constitution of the addition line. However, we have shown that the presence of a number of rye B chromosomes is associated with changes in the interphase organization and expression patterns of wheat rDNA loci. We have now extended our studies to focus on a further characterization of 'Lindström' 5S rDNA loci and also on high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) patterns. In the process, we have uncovered an unusually large variant of the 5S rDNA locus on wheat chromosome 1B (not to be confused with rye B chromosomes) and 2 novel HMW glutenin y-type alleles. These changes are not directly related to variation in rye B chromosome number in the present material, but the fact that a new, and still segregating, 1Dy HMW-GS gene was identified indicates a recent timescale for its origin. Strikingly, the 'Lindström' 5S rDNA 1B locus integrates a unit sharing 94% homology with a rye 5S rDNA sequence, suggesting the possibility that the wheat locus was colonized by highly homologous rye sequences during the breeding of 'Lindström', when the rye and wheat genomes were together, albeit briefly, in the same nucleus.Key words: Triticum aestivum 'Lindström', allopolyploidisation, 5S rDNA, NTS, high molecular weight glutenin (HMW-GS).

Rapid Isolation of High Molecular Weight Urokinase from Native Human Urine

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Huber ◽  
Johannes Kirchheimer ◽  
Bernd R Binder
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Apparent Homogeneity ◽  
Sequential Adsorption

SummaryUrokinase (UK) could be purified to apparent homogeneity starting from crude urine by sequential adsorption and elution of the enzyme to gelatine-Sepharose and agmatine-Sepharose followed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150. The purified product exhibited characteristics of the high molecular weight urokinase (HMW-UK) but did contain two distinct entities, one of which exhibited a two chain structure as reported for the HMW-UK while the other one exhibited an apparent single chain structure. The purification described is rapid and simple and results in an enzyme with probably no major alterations. Yields are high enough to obtain purified enzymes for characterization of UK from individual donors.

Preparation and Characterization of the High Molecular Weight [3H]Hyaluronic Acid

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2151-2156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Chabreček ◽  
Ladislav Šoltés ◽  
Hynek Hradec ◽  
Jiří Filip ◽  
Eduard Orviský
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Labelling Procedure ◽  
Enzymatic Depolymerization

Two methods for the preparation of high molecular weight [3H]hyaluronic acid were investigated. In the first one, hydrogen atoms in the molecule were replaced by tritium. This isotopic substitution was performed in aqueous solution using Pd/CaCO3 as the catalyst. In the second method, the high molecular weight hyaluronic acid was alkylated with [3H]methyl bromide in liquid ammonia at a temperature of -33.5 °C. High-performance gel permeation chromatographic separation method was used for the isolation and characterization of the high molecular weight [3H]hyaluronic acid. Molecular weight parameters for the labelled biopolymers were Mw = 128 kDa, Mw/Mn = 1.88 (first method) and Mw = 268 kDa, Mw/Mn = 1.55 (second method). The high molecular weight [3H]hyaluronic acid having Mw = 268 kDa was degraded further by specific hyaluronidase. Products of the enzymatic depolymerization were observed to be identical for both, labelled and cold biopolymer. This finding indicates that the described labelling procedure using [3H]methyl bromide does not induce any major structural rearrangements in the molecule.

scholarly journals Characterization of Polycaprolactone Nanohydroxyapatite Composites with Tunable Degradability Suitable for Indirect Printing

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Stephanie E. Doyle ◽  
Lauren Henry ◽  
Ellen McGennisken ◽  
Carmine Onofrillo ◽  
Claudia Di Bella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Compressive Modulus ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Scaffold Materials ◽  
Natural Tissue ◽  
Complete Regeneration

Degradable bone implants are designed to foster the complete regeneration of natural tissue after large-scale loss trauma. Polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HA) composites are promising scaffold materials with superior mechanical and osteoinductive properties compared to the single materials. However, producing three-dimensional (3D) structures with high HA content as well as tuneable degradability remains a challenge. To address this issue and create homogeneously distributed PCL-nanoHA (nHA) scaffolds with tuneable degradation rates through both PCL molecular weight and nHA concentration, we conducted a detailed characterisation and comparison of a range of PCL-nHA composites across three molecular weight PCLs (14, 45, and 80 kDa) and with nHA content up to 30% w/w. In general, the addition of nHA results in an increase of viscosity for the PCL-nHA composites but has little effect on their compressive modulus. Importantly, we observe that the addition of nHA increases the rate of degradation compared to PCL alone. We show that the 45 and 80 kDa PCL-nHA groups can be fabricated via indirect 3D printing and have homogenously distributed nHA even after fabrication. Finally, the cytocompatibility of the composite materials is evaluated for the 45 and 80 kDa groups, with the results showing no significant change in cell number compared to the control. In conclusion, our analyses unveil several features that are crucial for processing the composite material into a tissue engineered implant.

Mechanistic Study and Characterization of Cold-Sprayed Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene-Nano-ceramic Composite Coating

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 160-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kesavan Ravi ◽  
Yuji Ichikawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Ogawa ◽  
Tiana Deplancke ◽  
Olivier Lame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight
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