The genetic basis of C-glycosyl flavone B-ring modification in maize (Zea mays L.) silks

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moisés Cortés-Cruz ◽  
Maurice Snook ◽  
Michael D McMullen
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Major Qtl

Resistance to corn earworm (CEW) (Helicoverpa zea Boddie) has been attributed to high concentrations of C-glycosyl flavones and chlorogenic acid in maize (Zea mays L.) silks. The most common C-glycosyl flavones isolated from maize silks are maysin, apimaysin, and methoxymaysin, which are distinguished by their B-ring substitutions. For a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying the synthesis of these compounds, we conducted a quantitative trait locus (QTL) study with two populations: (Tx501 × NC7A)F2 and (Tx501 × Mp708)F2. For chlorogenic acid, maysin, and methoxymaysin concentration, the major QTL for both populations was located on chromosome 4 near umc1963. For apimaysin, the major QTL in both populations was located at the position of the pr1 locus on chromosome 5. The QTL alleles on chromosome 4 that increased the synthesis of methoxymaysin significantly decreased the synthesis of maysin and chlorogenic acid. This decrease in maysin concentration was four-fold greater than the increase in methoxymaysin. Our results indicate that the QTL on chromosome 4, responsible for the increase in methoxymaysin synthesis, alters the dynamics of both the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways.Key words: pr1, flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase, maysin, apimaysin, methoxymaysin.

scholarly journals Genetic Mechanisms Underlying Apimaysin and Maysin Synthesis and Corn Earworm Antibiosis in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 1997-2006
Author(s):  
E A Lee ◽  
P F Byrne ◽  
M D McMullen ◽  
M E Snook ◽  
B R Wiseman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Significant Qtls ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Maize Silks ◽  
Related Compounds

Abstract C-glycosyl flavones in maize silks confer resistance (i.e., antibiosis) to corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea [Boddie]) larvae and are distinguished by their B-ring substitutions, with maysin and apimaysin being the di- and monohydroxy B-ring forms, respectively. Herein, we examine the genetic mechanisms underlying the synthesis of maysin and apimaysin and the corresponding effects on corn earworm larval growth. Using an F2 population, we found a quantitative trait locus (QTL), rem1, which accounted for 55.3% of the phenotypic variance for maysin, and a QTL, pr1, which explained 64.7% of the phenotypic variance for apimaysin. The maysin QTL did not affect apimaysin synthesis, and the apimaysin QTL did not affect maysin synthesis, suggesting that the synthesis of these closely related compounds occurs independently. The two QTLs, rem1 and pr1, were involved in a significant epistatic interaction for total flavones, suggesting that a ceiling exists governing the total possible amount of C-glycosyl flavone. The maysin and apimaysin QTLs were significant QTLs for corn earworm antibiosis, accounting for 14.1% (rem1) and 14.7% (pr1) of the phenotypic variation. An additional QTL, represented by umc85 on the short arm of chromosome 6, affected antibiosis (R2 = 15.2%), but did not affect the synthesis of the C-glycosyl flavones.

ChemInform Abstract: New Flavone C-Glycosides from Corn (Zea mays L.) for the Control of the Corn Earworm (Helicoverpa zea)

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (42) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
M. E. SMOOK ◽  
N. W. WIDSTROM ◽  
B. R. WISEMAN ◽  
R. C. GUELDNER ◽  
R. L. WILSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Corn Earworm

Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of a QTL associated with leaf rolling index on chromosome 4 of maize (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (11) ◽  
pp. 3047-3062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu Gao ◽  
Guanghui Yang ◽  
Yufeng Li ◽  
Nannan Fan ◽  
Hongjian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Analysis ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Leaf Rolling ◽  
Candidate Gene Analysis

INFESTAÇÃO DE MILHO CRIOULO, CONVENCIONAL E TRANSGÊNICO PELA LAGARTA-DO-CARTUCHO E PELA LAGARTA-DA-ESPIGA E PARASITISMO DE OVOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
CAMILA CORRÊA VARGAS ◽  
ROSANA MATOS DE MORAIS ◽  
LUIZA RODRIGUES REDAELLI
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Trichogramma Pretiosum ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Egg Parasitism ◽  
Santa Maria

RESUMO - O objetivo foi avaliar a infestação, o parasitismo de ovos e danos da lagarta-do-cartucho, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), e da lagarta-da-espiga, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), em cultivares de milho: variedade crioulo (Lombo Baio), híbrido convencional (Semilha S395) e híbrido geneticamente modificado (Bt) (TC1507 Herculex I ®, Cry1F). O experimento foi conduzido em Santa Maria-RS, no período de segunda safra de 2014. O delineamento foi de blocos ao acaso, com três tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram registrados os danos, o número de lagartas, de posturas e o parasitismo em ovos da lagarta-do-cartucho, dos 9 aos 72 dias após a emergência das plantas (DAE). A infestação da lagarta-da-espiga e o parasitismo de ovos foram registrados dos 67 aos 101 DAE. Os danos causados pela lagarta-do-cartucho foram semelhantes entre milho crioulo e convencional, os quais foram mais elevados do que no milho geneticamente modificado Bt. O número médio de lagartas-do-cartucho foi maior em milho crioulo. A média do número total de lagartas-da-espiga foi semelhante entre milho crioulo e convencional e superior à do Bt. Foi registrado o parasitismo de ovos para a lagarta-da-espiga por Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, nas três cultivares avaliadas, com porcentagens semelhantes entre milho crioulo e convencional e superior em milho Bt. Palavras-chave: Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverpa zea, Trichogramma pretiosum, Zea mays, manejo de pragas. INFESTATION IN INLANDRACE, CONVENTIONAL AND TRANSGENIC CORN BY FALL ARMYWORM AND CORN EARWORM, AND EGG PARASITISM  ABSTRACT - The objective of the work was to estimate the infestation and eggs parasitism of fall armyworm (J. E. Smith) and corn earworm (Boddie), in three corn varieties: landrace (LomboBaio), conventional hybrid (Semilha S395) and genetically modified hybrid (Bt) (TC1507 Herculex I ®, Cry1F). The experiment was carried out in Santa Maria-RS, during the second-season corn crop, in 2014. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with three treatments, and four replicates. We evaluated the damages, number of larvae, number of eggs and fall armyworm egg parasitism from 9 to 72 days after emergence (DAE). The infestation of corn earworm and the eggs parasitism were measured from 67 to 101 DAE. Fall armyworm damage was similar between landrace and conventional hybrid, and both higher than those of genetically modified hybrid Bt. Average number of fall armyworm larvae was higher in landrace cultivar. The average of total number of corn earworm larvae was similar on landrace and conventional hybrid, both higher than Bt hybrid. Corn earworm eggs parasitism by Trichogramma pretiosum Riley was recorded in the three evaluated cultivars and similar parasitism percentage was observed between landrace and conventional hybrid, which was higher in Bt maize. Keywords: Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverpa zea, Trichogramma pretiosum, Zea mays, pest management.

scholarly journals Combining Ability of Husk Extension, Maysin Content, and Corn Earworm Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Virginia M. Moore ◽  
William F. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Factorial Mating ◽  
Factorial Mating Design

Corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea) is a destructive pest with limited management options in sweet corn (Zea mays) production. Increased husk extension and the presence of the C-glycosyl flavone maysin are two proposed mechanisms for improving corn earworm resistance in corn cultivars. A factorial mating design was conducted to test hybrid combinations of sweet corn inbreds with long husks and/or maysin to identify candidates for future cultivar development. The mating design had seven male parents, including three commercial sweet corn inbreds (Wh9261, We11401, and Wt1001) and four inbreds selected for maysin content (Maysin1, 2, 3, and 4), and five female parents, including two commercial sweet corn inbreds (Ia453su and Ia5125su) and three inbreds with long, thick, tight husks (A684su, A685su, and A686su). Hybrids were evaluated for ear length, husk length, maysin content, and corn earworm resistance at six environments in 2016 and 2017. Relationships between husk extension, maysin, and corn earworm resistance were inconsistent, but five inbreds produced hybrids with significantly lower corn earworm infestation and/or damage, demonstrating potential to confer resistance to the corn earworm.

Fine Mapping and Genetic Effect Analysis of a Major QTL qPH3.2 Associated with Plant Height in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1357
Author(s):  
Zhong-Xiang LIU ◽  
Mei YANG ◽  
Peng-Cheng YIN ◽  
Yu-Qian ZHOU ◽  
Hai-Jun HE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Major Qtl
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