The genome composition of hexaploid Psammopyrum athericum and octoploid Psammopyrum pungens (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernilla Ellneskog-Staam ◽  
Björn Salomon ◽  
Roland von Bothmer ◽  
Kesara Anamthawat-Jónsson
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Genome Composition ◽  
Genomic Constitution ◽  
Hybridization Pattern ◽  
Genomic Probe

The genomic constitution of two species in the genus Psammopyrum, i.e., Ps. athericum (2n = 6x = 42) and Ps. pungens (2n = 8x = 56), was studied by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). In Ps. athericum, one diploid chromosome set hybridized to a genomic probe from Pseudoroegneria ferganensis (St genome), one diploid set to a probe from Agropyron cristatum (P genome), and one diploid set to a probe from Thinopyrum junceiforme (EbEe genomes) or Th. bessarabicum (Eb genome). Substituting the St-genome probe with an L-genome probe from Festucopsis serpentinii resulted in exactly the same hybridization pattern, suggesting a genomic constitution of EStP or ELP for Ps. athericum. The same probes used on Ps. pungens showed two diploid sets of chromosomes hybridizing to the St-genome probe, one diploid set hybridizing to the P-genome probe, and one diploid set hybridizing to the EbEe-genome probe. The L-genome probe hybridized to approximately 14 of the chromosomes that were labeled by the St-genome probe. Hence the genomic constitution for Ps. pungens is proposed to be EStStP or EStLP.Key Words: Psammopyrum athericum, Psammopyrum pungens, in situ hybridization, Elytrigia pycnantha, Elytrigia pungens, genome analysis.

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) reveals high chromosome pairing affinity between Lolium perenne and Festuca mairei

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingshu Cao ◽  
David A Sleper ◽  
Fenggao Dong ◽  
Jiming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic Constitution ◽  
Conventional Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Festuca Mairei

Intergeneric hybridizations have been made between species of Lolium and Festuca. It has been demonstrated, largely through conventional cytogenetic analysis, that the genomes of the two genera are related, however, much information is lacking on exactly how closely related the genomes are between the two species. We applied genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) techniques to the F1 hybrids of tetraploid Festuca mairei with a genomic constitution of M1M1M2M2 and diploid Lolium perenne with a genomic constitution of LL. It was shown in the triploid hybrids (LM1M2) that the chromosomes of M1 and M2 from F. mairei could pair with each other, and it was further discovered that L chromosomes of L. perenne paired with M1 and M2 chromosomes. Our results showed that meiocytes of Lolium-Festuca are amenable to GISH analysis, and provided direct evidence for the hypothesis that the chromosomes of Lolium and Festuca may be genetically equivalent and that reciprocal mixing of the genomes may be possible. Key words: Lolium, Festuca, in situ hybridization, meiosis.

Genomic in situ hybridization differentiates between A/D- and C-genome chromatin and detects intergenomic translocations in polyploid oat species (genus Avena)

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Jellen ◽  
B. S. Gill ◽  
T. S. Cox
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Hybridization Pattern ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Intergenomic Translocations ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Total Dna

The genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) technique was used to discriminate between chromosomes of the C genome and those of the A and A/D genomes in allopolyploid oat species (genus Avena). Total biotinylated DNA from A. strigosa (2n = 2x = 14, AsAs genome) was mixed with sheared, unlabelled total DNA from A. eriantha (2n = 2x = 14, CpCp) at a ratio of 1:200 (labelled to unlabelled). The resulting hybridization pattern consisted of 28 mostly labelled and 14 mostly unlabelled chromosomes in the hexaploids. Attempts to discriminate between chromosomes of the A and D genomes in A. sativa (2n = 6x = 42, AACCDD) were unsuccessful using GISH. At least eight intergenomic translocation segments were detected in A. sativa 'Ogle', several of which were not observed in A. byzantina 'Kanota' (2n = 6x = 42, AACCDD) or in A. sterilis CW 439-2 (2n = 6x = 42, AACCDD). At least five intergenomic translocation segments were observed in A. maroccana CI 8330 'Magna' (2n = 4x = 28, AACC). In both 'Ogle' and 'Magna', positions of most of these translocations matched with C-banding patterns.Key words: Avena sativa, oat, in situ hybridization, C-banding, Avena macrostachya.

scholarly journals Intra- and intergenomic chromosomal pairing in artificially polyploidized elephant grass and pearl millet hybrids

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 814-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Motta da Costa Santos ◽  
Giovana Augusta Torres ◽  
Vânia Helena Techio ◽  
Antônio Vander Pereira ◽  
Lisete Chamma Davide
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Nick Translation ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Genomic Probe ◽  
Chromosomal Pairing

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate, by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), pairing configurations as potential indicators of recombination between chromosomes of different parental genomes, in two interspecific hybrids (elephant grass x pearl millet) artificially polyploidized. Anthers from young flower buds were used in the chromosomal preparations. The genomic probe was prepared with pearl millet DNA and labeled with biotin-16-dUTP by the nick translation reaction. Blocking DNA was prepared with genomic elephant grass DNA. The homoeologous intergenomic pairing, observed in the two hybrids, indicates the possibility of recombination between chromosomes of the parental genomes.

Characterization of wheat-Thinopyrum partial amphiploids by meiotic analysis and genomic in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fedak ◽  
Qin Chen ◽  
Robert L Conner ◽  
André Laroche ◽  
René Petroski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Genomic Constitution ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Partial Amphiploid ◽  
Partial Amphiploids

A combination of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and meiotic pairing analysis of wheat-Thinopyrum partial amphiploids was employed to identify the genomic constitution and relationships between partial amphiploids derived from wheat and wheatgrass crosses. On the basis of similarities in the meiotic behavior and GISH patterns, the alien chromosomes of two of eight partial amphiploids, TAF46 and 'Otrastayuskaya 38', were judged to originate from Th. intermedium, whereas Th. ponticum was one of the parents of the other six partial amphiploids; PWM706, PWM206, PWM209, PWMIII, OK7211542, and Ag-wheat hybrid. Each of these partial amphiploids was found to contain a synthetic alien genome composed of different combinations of St-, J-, or Js-genome chromosomes. For relatedness of partial amphiploid lines, meiotic analysis of F1 hybrids and GISH results were generally complementary, but the latter offered greater precision in identifying constituent genomes.Key words: wheat, Thinopyrum, partial amphiploids, GISH, meiotic analysis.

scholarly journals Genome composition and pollen viability of Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae) interspecific hybrids by Genomic In Situ Hybridization (GISH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosilda Cintra de Souza ◽  
Daniela de Argollo Marques ◽  
Marcel Mamede de Carvalho Filho ◽  
Ana Rafaela da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Walter José Siqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Genome Composition

scholarly journals Wheat, Rye, and Barley Genomes Can Associate during Meiosis in Newly Synthesized Trigeneric Hybrids

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
María-Dolores Rey ◽  
Carmen Ramírez ◽  
Azahara C. Martín
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Genome Duplication ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Hordeum Chilense ◽  
Genomic Constitution ◽  
Chromosome Associations ◽  
High Level

Polyploidization, or whole genome duplication (WGD), has an important role in evolution and speciation. One of the biggest challenges faced by a new polyploid is meiosis, in particular, discriminating between multiple related chromosomes so that only homologs recombine to ensure regular chromosome segregation and fertility. Here, we report the production of two new hybrids formed by the genomes of species from three different genera: a hybrid between Aegilops tauschii (DD), Hordeum chilense (HchHch), and Secale cereale (RR) with the haploid genomic constitution HchDR (n = 7× = 21); and a hybrid between Triticum turgidum spp. durum (AABB), H. chilense, and S. cereale with the constitution ABHchR (n = 7× = 28). We used genomic in situ hybridization and immunolocalization of key meiotic proteins to establish the chromosome composition of the new hybrids and to study their meiotic behavior. Interestingly, there were multiple chromosome associations at metaphase I in both hybrids. A high level of crossover (CO) formation was observed in HchDR, which shows the possibility of meiotic recombination between the different genomes. We succeeded in the duplication of the ABHchR genome, and several amphiploids, AABBHchHchRR, were obtained and characterized. These results indicate that recombination between the genera of three economically important crops is possible.

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