Effects of aluminum and fluoride on phosphorus acquisition by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine M. Joseph ◽  
François M. M. Morel ◽  
Neil M. Price
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Phosphorus Acquisition ◽  
Compensatory Response ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
P Utilization

Al (10 μM) and F (50 μM) added singly or in combination have no effect on growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in acid or alkaline media containing organic or inorganic P. Cell surface phosphatase activity, however, is increased in glucose-1-phosphate-amended cultures exposed to Al, but only at low pH. This result is an indirect effect caused by Al binding to the organic P, which inhibits organic P utilization and induces phosphatase synthesis in C. reinhardtii as a compensatory response. Phosphatase activity is inversely correlated with lake pH, suggesting that such a mechanism may operate in nature. Al thus appears to enhance phosphatase activity in acidified waters by impeding dissolved organic P catabolism.

scholarly journals Phosphatase activity and organic phosphorus turnover on a high Arctic glacier

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2697-2721 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stibal ◽  
A. M. Anesio ◽  
C. J. D. Blues ◽  
M. Tranter
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Arctic Glacier

Abstract. Arctic glacier surfaces harbor abundant microbial communities consisting mainly of heterotrophic and photoautotrophic bacteria. The microbes must cope with very low concentrations of nutrients and with the fact that both the dissolved and debris-bound nutrient pools are dominated by organic phases. Here we provide evidence that phosphorus (P) is deficient and limiting in the supraglacial environment on a Svalbard glacier, we show how the microbial community responds to the P stress and we quantify the contribution of the microbes to the cycling of the dominant organic P in the supraglacial environment. Incubation of cryoconite debris revealed significant phosphatase activity in the samples (19–67 nmol MUP g−1 h−1), which was controlled by the concentration of inorganic P during incubations and had its optimum at around 30°C. The phosphatase activity rates measured at near-in situ temperature and substrate concentration imply that the available dissolved organic P can be turned over by microbes within ~3–11 h on the glacier surface. By contrast, the amount of potentially bioavailable debris-bound organic P is sufficient for a whole ablation season. However, it is apparent that some of this potentially bioavailable debris-bound P is not accessible to the microbes.

Development of a phosphatase activity assay using excised plant roots

Soil Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya Das ◽  
Nicholas Comerford ◽  
David Wright ◽  
Jim Marois ◽  
Cheryl Mackowiak
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Develop Model ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Abiotic Degradation ◽  
Microbial Systems

Root phosphatase mediated mineralisation of organic phosphorus (P) can affect P availability in agricultural and forest landscapes. Phosphatases hydrolyse organic P into inorganic P that can be taken up by plants. We developed a method to determine mineralisable organic P by phosphatases exuded by excised live roots/microbial systems. We used excised greenhouse- and field-grown roots with para-nitrophenylphosphate, glucose-1-phosphate and phytic acid as sources of organic P. Experimental variables were analysed including linearity of the reaction, presence of inorganic P, organic P exuded from roots, possible abiotic degradation of organic P, and background inorganic/organic P. Organic P mineralisation by root–phosphatase complexes was found to be linear through 6 h. Phosphorus contaminants into the system were found to be within 10% of mineralised organic P. We used this technique to answer questions about organic P bioavailability, including effect of organic P sources, plant species, plant variety, plant stress and root conditions. Overall, this method was sensitive to organic P source and plant stress of greenhouse and field-grown roots, plant species and root physiological conditions. Unlike other methods used to determine phosphatase activity, this method is not limited by lengthy preparation to develop model plants, nor is there any restriction on the choice of organic P or plant species. Our results suggest that this is an attractive method for determining organic P mineralisation specificity among and within plant species, and it can be easily integrated into routine laboratory analyses.

scholarly journals Role of Organic Anions and Phosphatase Enzymes in Phosphorus Acquisition in the Rhizospheres of Legumes and Grasses Grown in a Low Phosphorus Pasture Soil

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Driss Touhami ◽  
Richard W. McDowell ◽  
Leo M. Condron
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Organic Anions ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Pasture Soil ◽  
Rhizosphere Processes

Rhizosphere processes play a critical role in phosphorus (P) acquisition by plants and microbes, especially under P-limited conditions. Here, we investigated the impacts of nutrient addition and plant species on plant growth, rhizosphere processes, and soil P dynamics. In a glasshouse experiment, blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown in a low-P pasture soil for 8 weeks with and without the single and combined addition of P (33 mg kg−1) and nitrogen (200 mg kg−1). Phosphorus addition increased plant biomass and total P content across plant species, as well as microbial biomass P in white clover and ryegrass. Alkaline phosphatase activity was higher for blue lupin. Legumes showed higher concentrations of organic anions compared to grasses. After P addition, the concentrations of organic anions increased by 11-,10-, 5-, and 2-fold in the rhizospheres of blue lupin, white clover, wheat, and ryegrass, respectively. Despite the differences in their chemical availability (as assessed by P fractionation), moderately labile inorganic P and stable organic P were the most depleted fractions by the four plant species. Inorganic P fractions were depleted similarly between the four plant species, while blue lupin exhibited a strong depletion of stable organic P. Our findings suggest that organic anions were not related to the acquisition of inorganic P for legumes and grasses. At the same time, alkaline phosphatase activity was associated with the mobilization of stable organic P for blue lupin.

scholarly journals Phosphatase activity and organic phosphorus turnover on a high Arctic glacier

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stibal ◽  
A. M. Anesio ◽  
C. J. D. Blues ◽  
M. Tranter
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Arctic Glacier

Abstract. Arctic glacier surfaces harbour abundant microbial communities consisting mainly of heterotrophic and photoautotrophic bacteria. The microbes must cope with low concentrations of nutrients and with the fact that both the dissolved and debris-bound nutrient pools are dominated by organic phases. Here we provide evidence that phosphorus (P) is deficient in the supraglacial environment on a Svalbard glacier, we quantify the enzymatic activity of phosphatases in the system and we estimate the contribution of the microbes to the cycling of the dominant organic P in the supraglacial environment. Incubation of cryoconite debris revealed significant phosphatase activity in the samples (19–67 nmol MUP g−1 h−1). It was inhibited by inorganic P during incubations and had its optimum at around 30°C. The phosphatase activity measured at near-in situ temperature and substrate concentration suggests that the available dissolved organic P can be turned over by microbes within ~3–11 h on the glacier surface. By contrast, the amount of potentially bioavailable debris-bound organic P is sufficient for a whole ablation season. However, it is apparent that some of this potentially bioavailable debris-bound P is not accessible to the microbes.

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Availability and the Role of Fire in Heathlands at Wilsons Promontory

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Adams ◽  
J Iser ◽  
AD Keleher ◽  
DC Cheal
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Eucalypt Forests

Analyses of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in heathland soils at Wilsons Promontory and on Snake Island show that the effects of fire, including repeated fires, are confined to the surface 2 cm. The uppermost soil in long-unburnt heathlands is rich in these elements and usually has a smaller C:N ratio compared with the soil below. Indices of N and P availability (C:N ratios, concentrations of potentially mineralisable N and extractable inorganic P, phosphatase activity) are similar to those in highly productive eucalypt forests-a finding in conflict with past assessments of nutrient availability in heathlands. Phosphatase activity and concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and potentially mineralisable N were less in soils from repeatedly burnt heathlands than in soils from long unburnt heathlands whereas there was a greater concentration of extractable inorganic P in soils from repeatedly burnt heathlands. The balance between nitrogen input and loss is dependent on fire frequency and present-day management of heathland (and other native plant communities with low nutrient capitals) should recognise that over- or under-use of fire will significantly alter soil nutrient pools and availability and that these changes may alter community species composition and productivity.

scholarly journals Effect of Two Different Sugarcane Cultivars on Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities of Sugarcane and Soybean Upon Intercropping

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Liu ◽  
Huichun Yang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Xiaowen Zhao ◽  
Sasa Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
P Mineralization ◽  
Rhizosphere Environment ◽  
Uptake And Transport ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities ◽  
Sugarcane Industry

Intercropping of soybean and sugarcane is an important strategy to promote sustainable development of the sugarcane industry. In fact, our understanding of the interaction between the rhizosphere and bacterial communities in the intercropping system is still evolving; particularly, the influence of different sugarcane varieties on rhizosphere bacterial communities in the intercropping process with soybean, still needs further research. Here, we evaluated the response of sugarcane varieties ZZ1 and ZZ9 to the root bacterial community during intercropping with soybean. We found that when ZZ9 was intercropped with soybean, the bacterial diversity increased significantly as compared to that when ZZ1 was used. ZZ9 played a major role in changing the bacterial environment of the root system by affecting the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria, forming a rhizosphere environment more conducive to the growth of sugarcane. In addition, our study found that ZZ1 and ZZ9 had differed significantly in their utilization of nutrients. For example, nutrients were affected by different functional genes in processes such as denitrification, P-uptake and transport, inorganic P-solubilization, and organic P-mineralization. These results are significant in terms of providing guidance to the sugarcane industry, particularly for the intercropping of sugarcane and soybean in Guangxi, China.

scholarly journals Development of a cell surface display system in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

2022 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 102570
Author(s):  
João Vitor Dutra Molino ◽  
Roberta Carpine ◽  
Karl Gademann ◽  
Stephen Mayfield ◽  
Simon Sieber
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Surface Display ◽  
Cell Surface Display ◽  
Display System ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Surface Display System

Trypanosoma brucei: Ecto-Phosphatase Activity Present on the Surface of Intact Procyclic Forms

1997 ◽  
Vol 52 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloise C. Fernandes ◽  
José R. Meyer-Fernandes ◽  
Mário A. C. Silva-Neto ◽  
Anibal E. Vercesi
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Vanadate Inhibition ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract The results presented in this paper indicate that procyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei possess a phosphatase activity detected in the external cell surface able to hydrolyze about 0.7 nmol ∙ mg−1. min−1 p-nitrophenylphosphate. A faster rate of hydrolysis was observed when membrane-enriched fractions were used. This activity is weakly sensitive to 1 mᴍ NaF, 10 mᴍ tartrate and 10 mᴍ levamizole but strongly inhibited by 0.1 mᴍ vanadate. Inhibition by both NaF and vanadate have a competitive character. This phosphatase activity decreases by increasing the pH from 6.8 to 8.4, a pH range in which cell viability was maintained during at least 1 hour. In the membrane-enriched fractions this phosphatase activity showed to be an acid phosphatase. In addition, intact cells could catalyze the dephosphorylation of [32P]phosphocasein phosphorylated at serine and threonine residues.

scholarly journals Endothelial Cell Surface Alkaline Phosphatase Activity is Induced by IL-6 Released During Wound Repair

1997 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Gallo ◽  
Robert A. Dorschner ◽  
Seiji Takashima ◽  
Michael Klagsbrun ◽  
Elof Eriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Endothelial Cell Surface

Fate of applied phosphorus in an effluent-irrigated Pinus radiata plantation

Soil Research ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Falkiner ◽  
P. J. Polglase
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Soil Irrigation ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Total P

We examined the fate of applied phosphorus (P) in a young Pinus radiata plantation in south-eastern Australia, spray-irrigated with secondary-treated municipal effluent. Measurements included changes (before irrigation, and after 5 years) in total P, total organic P, total inorganic P, labile P, and sorption and desorption characteristics. During the first 5 years a total of 363 kg/ha of P was applied at an average concentration of 5.4 mg/L. Irrigation changed the forms and distribution of P throughout the profile (0–1 m). Increases in labile inorganic P (membrane-exchangeable, bicarbonate-extractable, and in soil solution) were confined mostly to the 0–0.5 m horizon, and wholly within the 0–0.7 m horizon. In addition, large amounts of organic P (204 kg/ha) were mineralised within the surface 0.7 m, due to stimulation of decomposer activity by increased soil water. Mineralisation, therefore, provided a significant and additional input of inorganic P to soil. Irrigation and P additions changed both the placement and curvature of soil sorption isotherms. Retention capacity (0–0.5 m), calculated from P sorption isotherms, decreased by 180 kg/ha. Desorbable P, determined by sequential extraction with dilute acid, increased by 184 kg/ha. Thus, these 2 independent methods of measuring the changes in exchangeable P gave the same result. Of the total inorganic P added to the soil (in effluent and mineralised), 25% remained in the exchangeable form; the rest was retained unavailable for short-term exchange and migration through soil. After 5 years, fluxes (kg/ha) of P in the 0–0.7 m horizon were: input in effluent less storage in vegetation (323), change in total organic P (–204), change in total inorganic P (517), net change in total P (313). Thus, 97% of the net amount of P added in effluent was recovered in the surface 0.7 m. Results have implications for the way in which P retention capacity is calculated under effluent irrigation.

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