Foraging Movements in Relation to Morphology, Water-Column Use, and Diet for Recently Emerged Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Still-Water Pools

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. McLaughlin ◽  
James W. A. Grant ◽  
Donald L. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Foraging Movements ◽  
Water Depths ◽  
Pool Sizes ◽  
Moving Speed

Recently emerged brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) foraging is still-water pools varied considerably in the proportion of time they spent moving, speed while moving, and distance travelled during pursuit of prey. Trout that exhibited a high proportion of time spent moving, fast speeds while moving, and long pursuit distances directed more foraging attempts toward the upper portion of the water column, ate more insect prey and fewer crustaceans, and made more foraging attempts per minute than trout that exhibited a low proportion of time spent moving, slow speeds while moving, and short pursuit distances. The variation in movement was related less strongly to spatial heterogeneity in the locations (pool sizes, water depths) where individuals were observed. It was not significantly related to measures of temporal variation in the environment (date, time-of-day, water temperature), body size and shape, or hunger (the amount of food in the stomach). In these clear, shallow pools, differences in the spatial distribution and behaviour of prey types apparently facilitate divergent foraging behaviour and diet among the trout. Our findings are valuable for understanding the development and maintenance of the individual specializations in water-column use and diet reported previously for several salmonids.

Influence of the Size of Enclosures on the Swimming Characteristics of Juvenile Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1786-1793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Tang ◽  
Daniel Boisclair
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Planktivorous Fish ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Enclosure Size

We tested the hypothesis that swimming characteristics of an active planktivorous fish, brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), are significantly influenced by the size of enclosure and the time of day. Swimming characteristics of 0+ brook trout kept in 1,- 8,- and 27-m3 enclosures were recorded with an underwater videocamera system between 06:00 and 20:00. Enclosure size had a significant influence on swimming characteristics. Median speed (range = 6.4–11.1 cm/s) and associated variance observed in the 27-m3 enclosure were approximately twice those estimated in the 1- and 8-m3 enclosures. Variance of acceleration rates varied three- to fourfold among enclosures. Median turning rates (range = 11.8–19.8°/s) and corresponding variances tended to decrease as enclosure size increased. Our analyses suggest that models of spontaneous swimming costs developed using respirometry experiments performed in small aquaria may not appropriately represent the complexity of swimming patterns, and consequently, the costs of spontaneous swimming in large enclosures or in the field.

Water Column Sampling as a Rapid and Efficient Method of Determining Effluent Quality and the Performance of Waste Stabilization Ponds

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Pearson ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
A. Konig ◽  
R. de Oliveira ◽  
S. W. Mills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Entire Depth ◽  
The Individual

Diurnal series of samples of the effluent and the total in-pond water column of facultative and maturation ponds were analysed for COD, suspended solids, faecal coliforms, chlorophyll and ammonia with a view to finding the most efficient way of obtaining reliable mean daily effluent quality data. The results show that individual samples representative of the entire depth of the pond water column taken at any time of day provided reasonably accurate mean daily effluent values for all the parameters measured when compared with the mean values for effluent quality calculated from a series of grab effluent samples collected throughout the day. The same could not be said for the individual grab effluent samples since they varied considerably. The reasons for these differences are discussed as are the benefits of pond water column sampling for monitoring a number of series of ponds at different locations.

Effects of Neutralization and Addition of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) on the Limnetic Zooplankton Communities of Two Acidic

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Schaffner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Cyclopoid Copepod ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Woods Lake ◽  
Daphnia Catawba ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Positive Effect

The zooplankton communities in two acidified lakes in the Adirondack region of New York changed considerably following liming and the reintroduction of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Most rotifer taxa were greatly reduced in numbers within a week following base addition. Keratella taurocephala declined by orders of magnitude in both lakes. Rotifer species that replaced K. taurocephala were far less abundant. The crustacean communities were also affected by liming. Diaptomus minutus, the dominant in both lakes, declined following base addition. Longer-term population responses appeared to be related to the dynamics of the individual populations, and changes in predation pressure. Four additional crustacean species became prominent in the lakes after liming: the caldocerans Bosmina longirostris and Daphnia catawba in Cranberry Pond, and D. catawba and the cyclopoid copepod Cyclops scutifer in Woods Lake. Over the longer-term liming and the introduction of brook trout tended to have an overall positive effect on the zooplankton communities in the two lakes.

Parasite-induced susceptibility to predation in diplostomiasis

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brassard ◽  
M. E. Rau ◽  
M. A. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Induced Susceptibility ◽  
Diplostomum Spathaceum

Guppies (Lebistes reticulatis) exposed to doses as low as 25 cercariae of Diplostomum spathaceum for 30 min were consistently and significantly more susceptible to predation by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) than uninfected controls. The increase in susceptibility to predation was correlated with a marked decrease in the activity of infected fish.

scholarly journals Brook trout passage performance through culverts

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Goerig ◽  
Theodore Castro-Santos ◽  
Normand Émile Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponder ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Corrugated Metal

Culverts can restrict access to habitat for stream-dwelling fishes. We used passive integrated transponder telemetry to quantify passage performance of >1000 wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) attempting to pass 13 culverts in Quebec under a range of hydraulic and environmental conditions. Several variables influenced passage success, including complex interactions between physiology and behavior, hydraulics, and structural characteristics. The probability of successful passage was greater through corrugated metal culverts than through smooth ones, particularly among smaller fish. Trout were also more likely to pass at warmer temperatures, but this effect diminished above 15 °C. Passage was impeded at higher flows, through culverts with steep slopes, and those with deep downstream pools. This study provides insight on factors influencing brook trout capacity to pass culverts as well as a model to estimate passage success under various conditions, with an improved resolution and accuracy over existing approaches. It also presents methods that could be used to investigate passage success of other species, with implications for connectivity of the riverscape.

Food Specialization By Individual Trout

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1615-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Bryan ◽  
P. A. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Repeated Observation ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Salmo Clarki

Analyses of stomach contents showed that the kinds of prey eaten by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were seldom distributed at random among the individuals. Repeated observation of food eaten by individuals in a stream and ponds showed that prey types were eaten in proportions which were characteristic for an individual.Specialization occurred on several different kinds of prey. Although the degree of specialization was higher during shorter intervals, the data suggested that some specialization persisted for half a year. There were no striking correlations between degree of specialization and other individual properties such as size, growth rate, weight of food, number of food items, previous specialization, or area of recapture.In addition to the observations on trout in relatively undisturbed habitats, a field experiment was conducted using laboratory-reared rainbow trout held in small ponds. The food of each trout in the experiment was sampled repeatedly. In analysis of variance, interaction among the individuals and kinds of prey eaten showed that food specialization occurred. Both the absolute and relative abundance of potential prey were constant during the experiment.

scholarly journals Concomitant Antibiotic and Mercury Resistance Among Gastrointestinal Microflora of Feral Brook Trout, Salvelinus fontinalis

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew M. Meredith ◽  
Erin M. Parry ◽  
Justin A. Guay ◽  
Nicholas O. Markham ◽  
G. Russell Danner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microflora
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