Importance of Mucus in Filter-Feeding of Bream (Abramis brama)

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Hoogenboezem ◽  
Jos G. M. van den Boogaart
Keyword(s):  
Abramis Brama ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama ◽  
Filtering Rate ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cavity ◽  
Food Particles ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Mucus Cells ◽  
Sticky Particles

Mucus boluses, found in the oropharyngeal cavity of a large number of freshly caught bream (Abramis brama), appear to play an important role in the aggregation and transport of food particles from the branchial sieve to the esophagus. Mucus boluses, some containing up to 900 zooplankters, were isolated from the oropharyngeal cavity of bream, and from these the filtering rate and retention ability of the filtering system were calculated. Using light microscopy and special staining methods, we identified different types of mucus cells in the oropharyngeal wall of bream that increase in number from anterior to posterior. Based on these data and on our knowledge of branchial sieving, we have hypothesized the role of mucus in the filter feeding mechanism of bream. Initially, small particles are retained mechanically in the branchial sieve, eventually becoming coated with mucus. They then act as "sticky" particles with respect to other mucus-coated particles. During recollection from the branchial sieve following closed protrusion of the mouth, the sticky particles adhere to one another forming a mucus bolus that is stored at the posterior end of the branchial chamber. After several of these cycles over a period of several minutes the bolus is swallowed.

A New Model of Particle Retention and Branchial Sieve Adjustment in Filter-Feeding Bream (Abramis brama, Cyprinidae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Hoogenboezem ◽  
Jos G. M. van den Boogaart ◽  
Ferdinand A. Sibbing ◽  
Eddy H. R. R. Lammens ◽  
Arie Terlouw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Channel Model ◽  
Gill Arch ◽  
Abramis Brama ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Channel Diameter ◽  
New Model ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama ◽  
Particle Retention ◽  
Food Particles

A new model for filter feeding in bream (Abramis brama, Cyprinidae) is presented based on the three dimensional architecture of the branchial sieve. Transverse ridges on the upper surface of the gill arches form a system of channels in which food particles appear to be retained. These ridges are formed by a fleshy interconnection between the middle part of the gill arch and the bony parts of its gill rakers. Muscles attached to the rakers, present only on the lateral edge of the gill arch, indicate movability of the lateral bony raker element. If the fish is foraging on particles smaller than the channel diameter, movement of these gill rakers probably adjusts the sieve by reducing the channel diameter of the opposite channel. Selectivity of bream depends on available size classes of zooplanktons and changes in selectivity are attributed to adjustment of the branchial sieve. The channel model has been tested with feeding experiments and X-ray cinematography. The reconstructed paths of marked food particles show that particles follow the hypothesized path. Particle retention occurred mainly at the expected medial site of the arches. Our study strongly supports the channel model of particle retention.

A model for switching between particulate-feeding and filter-feeding in the common bream, Abramis brama

1992 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Hoogenboezem ◽  
Eddy H. R. R. Lammens ◽  
Yvette van Vugt ◽  
Jan W. M. Osse
Keyword(s):  
Abramis Brama ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama ◽  
The Common ◽  
Particulate Feeding ◽  
Common Bream ◽  
Common Bream Abramis Brama

Shape of Zooplankton and Retention in Filter-Feeding: A Quantitative Comparison between Industrial Sieves and the Branchial Sieves of Common Bream (Abramis brama) and White Bream (Blicca bjoerkna)

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coen van den Berg ◽  
Jos G.M. van den Boogaart ◽  
Ferdinand A. Sibbing ◽  
Eddy H.R.R. Lammens ◽  
Jan W.M. Osse
Keyword(s):  
Channel Model ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Abramis Brama ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama ◽  
Common Bream ◽  
Common Bream Abramis Brama ◽  
White Bream

Industrial sieves retained all cycloid copepods with a width larger than their mesh size, but Daphnia, with a width up to 1.4 times the mesh size, still passed through them. Daphnia have a lower depth/width ratio than copepods (0.599 and 0.882, respectively). Therefore, Daphnia could pass through the square meshes diagonally. In filter-feeding experiments with common bream (Abramis brama), the smallest retained copepods correspondingly were about 35% less wide than the smallest retained Daphnia. White bream (Blicca bjoerkna) did not retain copepods smaller than Daphnia. In the reducible-channel model of filter-feeding, particles are retained in the channels between the medial gill rakers. The mesh size can be reduced by lowering the lateral rakers into these channels. We calculated that zooplankton depth is the critical size parameter in reduced channels and zooplankton width in unreduced channels. We found that white bream was feeding with unreduced channels and common bream with reduced channels. The depth/width ratio (35% lower in Daphnia than in copepods) therefore explains the difference in retention of copepods and Daphnia by common bream whereas no such difference was expected for white bream. The shape of zooplankton thus affects the trophic segregation and the exploitation of food resources by fish.

Prey Retention and Sieve Adjustment in Filter-Feeding Bream (Abramis brama) (Cyprinidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Hoogenboezem ◽  
Eddy H. R. R. Lammens ◽  
Peter J. MacGillavry ◽  
Ferdinand A. Sibbing
Keyword(s):  
Model Prediction ◽  
Prey Size ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Abramis Brama ◽  
Selective Feeding ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

The hypothesis that the variability in prey-size selection of filter-feeding bream (Abramis brama) is related to sieve adjustment was tested by feeding bream of approximately 20 and 30 cm standard length with daphnids. The size-selective feeding observed in experiments was compared with predicted selectivity curves derived from the channel width of branchial sieves, total filtered volume, and the retention probability of prey in the reduced or unreduced channels. The relationship between mesh size and retention probability of Daphnia of known length was determined empirically in sieving experiments using commercial sieves. The results with 20-cm fish demonstrated that the variability in prey selection of bream can be explained by the adjustment of its filter in two distinct mesh sizes. The relationship between filter adjustment and zooplankton availability was not always clear. The retention ability of large bream (>30 cm) was in close accordance with the model prediction for filter-feeding with reduced channels.

X-ray measurements of gill-arch movements in filter-feeding bream, Abramis brama (Cyprinidae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Hoogenboezem ◽  
F. A. Sibbing ◽  
J. W. M. Osse ◽  
J. G. M. Boogaart ◽  
E. H. R. R. Lammens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gill Arch ◽  
Abramis Brama ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama
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