Osmoregulatory Failure and Death of First-Year Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) Exposed to Low pH and Elevated Aluminum, at Low Temperature in Soft Water

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Howard McCormick ◽  
Kathleen M. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
First Year ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Blood Osmolality ◽  
Probability Of Survival ◽  
Osmotic Homeostasis ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Young-of-the-year largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were exposed to pH levels from 8.0 to 4.5 in two water types, 1.5 and 13.4 mgCa/L. Exposures were conducted at 3.8 °C for 113 d, followed by 14 d of increasing temperature to 18 °C. Two treatments in the softer water, one each at pH 5.0 and 4.5, had Al added to attain 30 μg Al/L; all other treatments were at approximately 5 μg Al/L. The condition factor of fish in all treatment groups declined with exposure time at 3.8 °C. Fish in the 13.4 mg Ca/L water maintained osmotic homeostasis through pH 5.0. In the 1.5 mg Ca/L water, osmotic homeostasis was lost at pH 4.5 and at pH 5.0 when Al was added. Mortalities were most prevalent when exposed in the 1.5 mg Ca/L water with added Al. The probability of survival was directly correlated with blood osmolality; no correlation was found between survival probability and condition factor. A rise in blood osmolality occurred among fish from most exposure groups when the temperature was increased to 18 °C. When fish from these chronic treatments were challenged at pH 3.8, they had shorter survival times in the softer water and after longer preexposures.

Effects of Cage Culture on Growth, Abundance, and Survival of Resident Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj V. Kilambi ◽  
James C. Adams ◽  
William A. Wickizer
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Content ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Cage Culture ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Culture Growth

Growth, population size, and survival of resident largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were estimated before, during, and after the cage culture of Salmo gairdneri and Ictalurus punctatus. Growth in length, length–weight relationship, and condition factor were similar among the periods; however, abundance and survival of largemouth bass increased through the 3 yr of investigation. Stomach content analyses showed that the bass fed on fishes (mostly Lepomis macrochirus), crayfish, insects, and zooplankton (predominantly entomostracans). Increase in the standing crops of L. macrochirus and entomostracans during the study periods have provided forage to the increased bass population and thus resulted in greater survival of the young and adult bass of the cage culture and postcage culture periods. Key words: largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, cage culture, growth, abundance, survival

Changes in the predator-avoidance behaviour of juvenile guppies (Poecilia reticulata) exposed to pentachlorophenol

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 2001-2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Brown ◽  
Peter H. Johansen ◽  
Patrick W. Colgan ◽  
R. Alastair Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Predator Avoidance ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Avoidance Behaviour ◽  
General Behaviour ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Predator Attack ◽  
High Treatment ◽  
Predator Efficiency

The effects of pentachlorophenol on the predator-avoidance behaviour of the guppy (Poecilia reticulate) in response to largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) predation was investigated. There were no consistent effects of pentachlorophenol on habitat use or general behaviour of the guppies. In the presence of predators, all guppies occurred significantly more often alone, motionless, and in the top third of the water column in the nonopen areas. Nine variables associated with predator efficiency were monitored to determine which treatment groups of guppies were easiest to capture. The bass had significantly lower capture success, performed more strikes and chases, and spent more time chasing guppies from the untreated and 100 μg/L groups than those from the 500 and 700 μg/L groups. This suggests that the guppies from the two high treatment groups had a slower response to predator attack and could not maintain a prolonged escape burst of speed.

Genetic Implications of Introducing Florida Largemouth Bass, Micropterus salmoides floridanus

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (S1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Philipp
Keyword(s):  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Year ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Natural Spawning ◽  
Experimental Populations ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Breeding Pool

Stocks of northern largemouth bass (NLMB), Micropterus salmoides salmoides, Florida largemouth bass (FLMB), M. s. floridanus, and both reciprocal F1 hybrids were produced through natural spawning; the genetic composition of each stock was confirmed electrophoreticaliy, and experimental populations established. One set of experimental populations (P1 and P2) contained as broodstock equal numbers of adult NLMB and FLMB, whereas the other set (H1 and H2) initially contained equal numbers of adults of both reciprocal F1 hybrids and both pure subspecies. Each year-class produced experimentally were sampled and individuals analyzed genetically to determine their parentage. Initially, much of the YOY production in P1 and P2 was composed of small FLMB that did not survive winter well; once naturally produced F1 hybrids entered the breeding pool, most offspring were Fx hybrids, and the population became heavily introgressed. In H1 and H2 introgression began with the production of the first year-class. Within each year-class NLMB produced in all ponds were significantly larger than all other genotypes, but it appears likely that after only a few generations, production of pure NLMB ceases, all individuals being Fx hybrids. Results illustrate the potential negative impacts of introducing FLMB or hybrids between it and NLMB into waters within or contiguous to the native range of the northern subspecies.

Trophic Interaction and Competition Between Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a Manipulated Lake

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1704-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Hodgson ◽  
Carol J. Hodgson ◽  
Scott M. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sample Methodology ◽  
Pooled Sample

We examined the impact of competition between largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) on diet and condition factor of the two species. Data were collected from Paul Lake (a control lake containing only bass) and Peter Lake (an experimental lake to which trout were introduced) (Michigan, USA). We compared diets of 1988 bass and trout in Peter Lake, 1987 and 1988 bass in both Peter and Paul lakes, and 1988 trout and 1987 bass in Peter Lake. Patterns in diet overlap demonstrated with pooled sample methodology could not always be matched with a random individual pairing technique. With the pooled methodologies, we demonstrated a diet composition shift with significant changes in diet diversity and evenness in the Peter Lake bass after the introduction of trout: such bass ate fewer zooplankton (Daphnia spp.) and more odonate naiads than before trout introduction, and their condition factor was reduced. Seasonal divergence in diets between bass and trout was observed. Growth rates of Paul Lake bass did not differ significantly between years, and relative to the experimental lake there were fewer statistically significant dietary differences.

Effects of Cold Shock on Vulnerability of Juvenile Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) to Predation

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Coutant ◽  
H. M. Ducharme Jr. ◽  
J. R. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Temperature Differential ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Acute cold stress caused increased predation on juvenile channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) by unstressed adult largemouth bass when temperature differentials were 9 and 7 C or more, respectively, (base temperatures 16 and 17 C). Predation rate tended to increase exponentially with increasing temperature differential. Catfish held 1 h in the cold water were only slightly less susceptible to predation than were others tested immediately after the temperature change.

Interactions among adult demography, spawning date, growth rate, predation, overwinter mortality, and the recruitment of largemouth bass in a northern lake

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2588-2600 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Post ◽  
James F Kitchell ◽  
James R Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
First Year ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Selective Predation ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Overwinter Mortality ◽  
First Year Of Life

Using 12 years of data, we evaluated the mechanisms controlling largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, recruitment in a lake near the northern extent of the largemouth bass range. We found that complex interactions among adult demographics, size-selective predation, and overwinter mortality regulate the number of largemouth bass surviving the first year of life. The largest recruitment events required at least a moderate number of adults, but a large number of adults was not sufficient to produce a large cohort of largemouth bass. Predation was controlled by the number of both adult and juvenile bass and was not strongly correlated with reproductive output. Overwinter mortality was size dependent, strongly affecting bass entering the winter at <50-60 mm in length, and likely the result of starvation. Predation and overwinter mortality interacted with spawning date and growth rate to produce variable but predictable patterns of first year survival. At high adult and juvenile densities, predation regulates first year survival. At low adult and juvenile densities, first year survival was regulated by adult demographics and interactions among spawning date, growth rates, and overwinter mortality. Although we can forecast coarse patterns of cohort survival, the survival of individual fish was more difficult to predict because length and age were not highly correlated.

First-year growth and recruitment of coastal largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides): spatial patterns unresolved by critical periods along a salinity gradient

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1911-1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam C Peer ◽  
Dennis R DeVries ◽  
Russell A Wright
Keyword(s):  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
First Year ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Hatch Date ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Food Consumed

Although critical periods often explain first-year growth and recruitment patterns of young fishes, isolated subpopulations in spatially heterogeneous environments can be influenced by distinct factors, preventing critical periods from explaining growth and recruitment for the overall population. When we explored first-year growth and recruitment variability of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) along an upstream–downstream gradient in the Mobile–Tensaw Delta, Alabama, USA, growth was consistently faster at sites closest to or within brackish habitats in 2002 and 2003, despite different abiotic conditions between years. Energetic content of food consumed by faster-growing fish, particularly those furthest downstream, was greater than that for slower-growing fish. Although the timing of the switch to piscivory did not explain growth differences, the degree of piscivory was important. Hatch date had no influence on growth differences and consequently did not affect fall condition, overwinter survival, or age-1 recruitment. Contrary to several studies in freshwater systems at this latitude, first-winter mortality was neither size-selective nor excessive, and largemouth bass continued to grow through the winter. These results demonstrate that early growth can vary substantially among subpopulations in spatially heterogeneous environments and that these differences are not necessarily explained by the same factors thought to be important for freshwater largemouth bass populations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document